小麦倒春寒抗性评价方法研究

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.21011

Abstract

Abstract:

Sensitivity to late spring coldness can result in considerable yield loss in wheat, and the breeding cold-resistant cultivar becomes an important breeding objective. In order to investigate the suitable treatment conditions for late spring coldness tolerance and to establish an evaluation method for the resistance to late spring coldness in wheat, six cultivars with different late spring coldness tolerance were used for different temperature treatments at different developmental stages based on the dead stem rate. The optimum treatment conditions had been revealed and validated with 120 varieties (lines). The results showed significant differences in the dead stem rate was observed at anther connective formation phase (ACFP) under -6℃ after 6 h stress treatment, which was the most suitable treatment condition for the identification of resistance to late spring coldness. Furthermore, the variation in late spring coldness tolerance among 120 wheat varieties (lines) could be effectively distinguished from the treatment conditions. Cluster analysis demonstrated that the 120 wheat varieties (lines) can be divided into five categories in the resistance to late spring coldness: highly resistant, resistant, moderately resistant, susceptible, and highly susceptible. The established evaluation standard of late spring coldness in wheat will provide technical support for the identification and breeding of resistant wheat varieties in late spring coldness.

Key words: wheat, late spring coldness, ranked standard, resistance evaluation method

LIU Fang-Fang, WAN Ying-Xiu, CAO Wen-Xin, LI Yao, ZHANG Qi-Qi, LI Yan, ZHANG Ping-Zhi. Evaluation method of late spring coldness tolerance in wheat[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(2): 438-446.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Dead stem rate of six cultivars under different low temperature stress conditions"

时期 Stage	温度 Temperature (℃)	品种Variety						均值 Mean
时期 Stage	温度 Temperature (℃)	济麦22 Jimai 22	烟农19 Yannong 19	郑州8329 Zhengzhou 8329	皖麦50 Wanmai 50	郑麦366 Zhengmai 366	西安8号 Xi’an 8	均值 Mean
雌雄蕊分化期 Pistil and stamen primordia differentiation stage	-4	0.00±0.00 a	0.09±0.08 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.06±0.04 a	0.02 a
	-6	0.00±0.00 a	0.17±0.07 c	0.00±0.00 a	0.44±0.07 c	0.00±0.00 a	0.21±0.04 b	0.18 b
	-8	0.52±0.05 b	0.85±0.08 c	0.21±0.08 a	0.81±0.08 c	0.79±0.018 c	0.87±0.04 c	0.68 c
	-10	0.72±0.04 a	0.94±0.02 c	0.71±0.07 a	0.89±0.06 bc	0.88±0.04 a	0.90±0.01 b	0.84 d
药隔形成期 Anther connective tissue formation stage	-4	0.00±0.00 a	0.17±0.06 b	0.03±0.03 a	0.21±0.10 bc	0.18±0.06 bc	0.33±0.12 c	0.16 a
	-6	0.08±0.06 a	0.30±0.10 b	0.04±0.02 a	0.78±0.12 d	0.55±0.08 c	0.60±0.11 cd	0.39 b
	-7	0.70±0.08 a	0.96±0.08 bc	0.61±0.13 a	0.83±0.13 b	0.80±0.18 b	1.00±0.00 c	0.83 c
	-8	0.87±0.08 ab	0.93±0.05 ab	0.78±0.17 a	0.97±0.05 b	0.93±0.12 ab	0.97±0.05 b	0.91 d
	-10	0.94±0.02 a	1.00±0.00 a	0.87±0.12 a	1.00±0.00 a	1.00±0.00 a	1.00±0.00 a	0.97 e
四分体期 Tetrad formation stage	-2	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00 a
	-4	0.17±0.05 a	0.34±0.09 b	0.16±0.10 a	0.34±0.02 b	0.30±0.09 b	0.29±0.13 b	0.26 b
	-6	0.80±0.08 ab	1.00±0.00 c	0.72±0.09 a	0.81±0.10 ab	0.79±0.06 ab	0.85±0.13 b	0.83 c
	-8	1.00±0.00 a	1.00±0.00 a	0.92±0.11 a	1.00±0.00 a	1.00±0.00 a	1.00±0.00 a	0.99 d
抽穗期 Heading stage	0	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00 a
	-2	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00 a
	-4	0.09±0.06 a	0.08±0.04 a	0.09±0.05 a	0.30±0.08 b	0.06±0.05 a	0.31±0.10 b	0.15 b
	-6	0.96±0.04 ab	0.92±0.05 ab	0.92±0.09 ab	0.99±0.02 b	0.90±0.07 a	0.97±0.02 ab	0.94 c
开花期 Anthesis stage	0	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00 a
	-2	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00±0.00 a	0.00 a
	-4	0.17±0.07 ab	0.18±0.07 ab	0.15±0.07 ab	0.21±0.06 a	0.22±0.15 b	0.18±0.08 ab	0.17 b
	-6	1.00±0.00 b	1.00±0.00 b	1.00±0.00 b	0.96±0.13 a	0.94±0.13 a	1.00±0.00 b	0.92 c

Table 3

Fig. 1

Table 4

Dead stem rates of 120 wheat accessions"

编号 No.	品种 Accession	死茎率 Dead stem rate	编号 No.	品种 Accession	死茎率 Dead stem rate	编号 No.	品种 Accession	死茎率 Dead stem rate
1	矮抗58 Aikang 58	0.48	41	扬麦158 Yangmai 158	0.26	81	20XDQK31	0.22
2	矮早781 Aizao 781	0.23	42	郑7698 Zheng 7698	0.50	82	20XDQK32	0.15
3	安科1303 Anke 1303	0.38	43	郑麦366 Zhengmai 366	0.58	83	20XDQK33	0.41
4	安科157 Anke 157	0.25	44	郑麦9023 Zhengmai 9023	0.38	84	20XDQK34	0.28
5	安农0711 Annong 0711	0.25	45	郑州8329 Zhengzhou 8329	0.04	85	20XDQK35	0.28
6	百农207 Bainong 207	0.35	46	中麦578 Zhongmai 578	0.21	86	20XDQK36	0.27
7	泛麦5号 Fanmai 5	0.48	47	中麦895 Zhongmai 895	0.53	87	20XDQK37	0.26
8	丰德存麦5号 Fengdecunmai 5	0.22	48	周麦18 Zhoumai 18	0.58	88	20XDQK38	0.70
9	恒进麦8号 Hengjinmai 8	0.61	49	周麦36 Zhoumai 36	0.54	89	20XDQK39	0.56
10	华成3366 Huacheng 3366	0.43	50	紫麦19 Zimai 19	0.72	90	20XDQK40	0.47
11	淮麦18 Huaimai 18	0.12	51	20XDQK1	0.00	91	20XDQK41	0.36
12	淮麦20 Huaimai 20	0.24	52	20XDQK2	0.44	92	20XDQK42	0.47
13	淮麦30 Huaimai 30	0.21	53	20XDQK3	0.08	93	20XDQK43	0.05
14	淮麦33 Huaimai 33	0.07	54	20XDQK4	0.05	94	20XDQK44	0.57
15	淮麦40 Huaimai 40	0.16	55	20XDQK5	0.00	95	20XDQK45	0.29
16	淮麦45 Huaimai 45	0.00	56	20XDQK6	0.11	96	20XDQK46	0.82
17	济麦22 Jimai 22	0.10	57	20XDQK7	0.74	97	20XDQK47	0.49
18	济麦44 Jimai 44	0.48	58	20XDQK8	0.52	98	20XDQK48	0.66
19	济南17 Jinan 17	0.45	59	20XDQK9	0.12	99	20XDQK49	0.22
20	连麦2号 Lianmai 2	0.00	60	20XDQK10	0.05	100	20XDQK50	0.20
21	明麦1号 Mingmai 1	0.45	61	20XDQK11	0.03	101	20XDQK51	0.15
22	青农3号 Qingnong 3	0.34	62	20XDQK12	0.52	102	20XDQK52	0.18
23	瑞华麦516 Ruihuamai 516	0.74	63	20XDQK13	0.08	103	20XDQK53	0.37
24	瑞华麦520 Ruihuamai 520	0.52	64	20XDQK14	0.32	104	20XDQK54	0.17
25	山农20 Shannong 20	0.20	65	20XDQK15	0.17	105	20XDQK55	0.54
26	石家庄8号 Shijiazhuang 8	0.30	66	20XDQK16	0.08	106	20XDQK56	0.00
27	天益科5号 Tianyike 5	0.30	67	20XDQK17	0.17	107	20XDLYQK1	0.91
28	皖垦麦0622 Wankenmai 0622	0.10	68	20XDQK18	0.19	108	20XDLYQK2	0.18
29	皖麦50 Wanmai 50	0.80	69	20XDQK19	0.00	109	20XDLYQK3	0.36
30	皖麦52 Wanmai 52	0.30	70	20XDQK20	0.41	110	20XDLYQK4	0.27
31	未来0818 Weilai 0818	0.72	71	20XDQK21	0.06	111	20XDLYQK5	0.27
32	西农511 Xinong 511	0.26	72	20XDQK22	0.70	112	20XDLYQK6	0.23
33	新麦18 Xinmai 18	0.38	73	20XDQK23	0.00	113	20XDLYQK7	0.15
34	新麦26 Xinmai 26	0.73	74	20XDQK24	0.13	114	20XDLYQK8	0.30
35	宿553 Su 553	0.50	75	20XDQK25	0.09	115	20XDLYQK9	0.47
36	徐农029 Xunong 029	0.22	76	20XDQK26	0.00	116	20XDLYQK10	0.17
37	烟农19 Yannong 19	0.36	77	20XDQK27	0.19	117	20XDLYQK11	0.33
38	烟农5158 Yannong 5158	0.22	78	20XDQK28	0.50	118	20XDLYQK12	0.16
39	烟农999 Yannong 999	0.50	79	20XDQK29	0.37	119	20XDLYQK13	0.48
40	偃展4110 Yanzhan 4110	0.33	80	20XDQK30	0.67	120	20XDLYQK14	0.85

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

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序号 Number	品种 Cultivar	倒春寒抗性 Late spring coldness tolerance
1	济麦22 Jimai 22	抗 Resistant
2	烟农19 Yannong 19	中等 Moderately resistant
3	郑州8329 Zhengzhou 8329	敏感 Susceptible
4	皖麦50 Wanmai 50	敏感 Susceptible
5	郑麦366 Zhengmai 366	敏感 Susceptible
6	西安8号 Xi’an 8	敏感 Susceptible

时期 Stage	温度 Temperature (℃)							时间 Time (h)
时期 Stage	0	-2	-4	-6	-7	-8	-10	时间 Time (h)
雌雄蕊分化期 Pistil and stamen primordia differentiation stage			√	√		√	√	6
药隔形成期 Anther connective tissue formation stage			√	√	√	√	√
四分体期 Tetrad formation stage		√	√	√		√
抽穗期 Heading stage	√	√	√	√
开花期 Anthesis stage	√	√	√	√

项目 Item	聚类 Cluster
项目 Item	I	II	III	IV	V
中心值 Cluster center	0.05	0.21	0.35	0.51	0.75
范围 Range	0.00-0.13	0.15-0.28	0.29-0.41	0.43-0.61	0.66-0.91
品种(系)数目 Number of accessions	25	35	20	27	13

倒春寒抗性 Late spring coldness tolerance	死茎率 Dead stem rate	等级 Resistance level
极强 Highly resistant	≤0.13	1
强 Resistant	0.14-0.28	2
中等 Moderately resistant	0.29-0.42	3
弱 Susceptible	0.43-0.65	4
极弱 Highly susceptible	≥0.66	5

Evaluation method of late spring coldness tolerance in wheat

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