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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (1): 187-198.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.34046

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Mechanism of cyclanilide enhanced the defoliation efficiency of thidiazuron in cotton by regulating endogenous hormones under low temperature stress

SUN Shang-Wen1,2(), SHU Hong-Mei2, YANG Chang-Qin2, ZHANG Guo-Wei2, WANG Xiao-Jing2, MENG Ya-Li1, WANG You-Hua1, LIU Rui-Xian2,*()   

  1. 1College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
    2Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed in the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2023-03-08 Accepted:2023-06-29 Online:2024-01-12 Published:2023-07-19
  • Contact: *E-mail: liuruixian2008@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071968);Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(CX(22)2015);Jiangsu Collaborative Center for Modern Crop Production(JCIC-MCP)

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Abstract:

The technology of cotton leaf removal is an important prerequisite for realizing the mechanical harvesting of cotton, but low temperature affect the efficiency of TDZ-induced leaf abscission, which cannot meet the requirements of mechanized harvesting. In our laboratory, we found that cyclanilide (CYC) could improve the defoliation efficiency of TDZ at low temperature, but the mechanism of CYC promoting chemical defoliation (TDZ) under low temperature is unknown. Therefore, the content of plant hormones and the relative expression level of related genes in the abscission zone of cotton leaves were analyzed using Zhongmian 425 as the experimental material, setting two temperature levels (25℃ and 15℃) and three treatments [water (CK), single TDZ (T), and the compound of TDZ+CYC (TC)]. At 240 h after treatment under low temperature (15℃), the abscission rate of cotton leaves treated by T was only 53.0%, while the start time of cotton leaves abscission treated by TC was 24 h ahead of that treated by T and the abscission rate of cotton leaves treated by TC increased to 79.6%. At low temperature, compared with T, the relative expression level of auxin (IAA) transport genes (LAX2, PIN1), IAA response genes (IAA9, ARF3) and the content of IAA in the abscission zone of cotton leaves treated with TC were reduced significantly; the relative expression level of ethylene (ET) synthesis genes (ACS, ACO), and the content of ET synthesis precursor ACC were increased, the relative expression level of ET downstream signal gene(ERF1B) was up-regulated significantly in the abscission zone treated with TC. The jasmonate acid (JA) synthesis-related gene (AOC4) was up-regulated, and the content of JA was increased in abscission zone treated by TC. The inhibition of the IAA transport and signal transduction and the promotion of ET and JA synthesis and ET signal transduction caused by TC treatment in the abscission zones of cotton leaves could be the key reason that CYC could promote cotton leaves abscission effect of TDZ at low temperature.

Key words: cotton defoliation, low temperature, thiadiazuron, cyclanilide, plant hormone content, gene relative expression

Table 1

Primers and their sequences"

基因
Gene name		 上游引物
Forward primer sequence (5°-3°)		 下游引物
Reverse primer sequence (5°-3°)
IAA9(Gh_A05G3764) CCAGAAGGTGGTAAAGGAC AAACGATCTAATAGGAGGC
ARF3(Gh_A05G1337) TGTCCTCACCGTCTTCAGT GCTTCCTAGATACCTCCTAC
LAX2(Gh_A01G1955) GCCTTCAACTGTACTTTCC TAGGTCCATGTCCTCTTGT
PIN1(Gh_D12G2556) GCCATAAACAGACCAAGAC TCAGGTGGAATGTGGAAAT
ACS(Gh_D12G2746) GGGTGATTGAGGTATGGGAGA TGCATAAGCACAACGAGGC
ACO(Gh_D11G1565) CCACCAGCATCTGTATGAG CTGCGAGAATCTTGGACTA
ERF1B(Gh_Sca115107G01) GGGAAATTCAGGATAGCGG GGAGATAAGGGATTCAACGAG
CYP707A4(Gh_D02G2083) CGGAAATGAACTGGCGAAGC TTGTTGAGGCACTGGGAAT
PP2C77(Gh_A08G2192) ATTGACCGTGCTCCGTATA ACATCGTCCTCACCTCCTT
AOC4(Gh_A08G0314) GCCAGACCCACCAGTAATA TTTGGAGAAACGGATAGGA
TIFY9(Gh_D01G0196) TTCCGAGGTATTCAAGGTG AAATCGTCAACGGTGCTGT

Fig. 1

Abscission rate of cotton leaves under different treatments (a) cotton leaves defoliation; (b) abscission rate of cotton leaf. CK: control treatment; T: TDZ treatment; TC: TDZ+CYC treatment; N: normal temperature; L: low temperature."

Fig. 2

Changes of IAA content in the abscission zone of cotton leaves under different treatments (a) IAA content in cotton leaf abscission zone at normal temperature; (b) IAA content in cotton leaf abscission zone at low temperature. Different lowercase letters in the same time point indicate significant difference at the 0.05 probability level. Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 1."

Fig. 3

Changes of ACC content in the abscission zone of cotton leaves under different treatments (a) ACC content in cotton leaf abscission zone at normal temperature; (b) ACC content in cotton leaf abscission zone at low temperature. Different lowercase letters in the same time point indicate significant difference at the 0.05 probability level; ns: no significant difference. Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 1."

Fig. 4

Changes of ABA content in the abscission zone of cotton leaves under different treatments (a) ABA content in cotton leaf abscission zone at normal temperature; (b) ABA content in cotton leaf abscission zone at low temperature. Different lowercase letters in the same time point indicate significant differences at the 0.05 probability level. Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 1."

Fig. 5

Changes of JA content in the abscission zone of cotton leaves under different treatments (a) JA content in cotton leaf abscission zone at normal temperature; (b) JA content in cotton leaf abscission zone at low temperature. Different lowercase letters in the same time point indicate significant differences at the 0.05 probability level; ns: no significant difference. Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 1."

Fig. 6

Expression level of IAA-related genes in cotton leaves abscission zone under different treatments (a) the relative expression level of IAA-related genes in cotton leaf abscission zone at normal temperature; (b) the relative expression level of IAA-related genes in the abscission zone at low temperature. Different lowercase letters in the same time point indicate significant differences at the 0.05 probability level. Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 1."

Fig. 7

Relative expression level of ET-related genes in cotton leaves abscission zone under different treatments (a) the relative expression level of ET-related genes in the abscission zone at normal temperature; (b) the relative expression level of ET-related genes in the abscission zone at low temperature. Different lowercase letters in the same time point indicate significant differences at the 0.05 probability level; ns: no significant difference. Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 1."

Fig. 8

Expression level of ABA-related genes in cotton leaves abscission zone under different treatments (a) the relative expression level of ABA-related genes in the abscission zone at normal temperature; (b) the relative expression level of ABA-related genes in the abscission zone at low temperature. Different lowercase letters in the same time point indicate significant differences at the 0.05 probability level; ns: no significant difference. Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 1."

Fig. 9

Expression level of JA-related genes in cotton leaves abscission zone under different treatments (a) the relative expression level of JA related genes in the abscission zone at normal temperature; (b) the relative expression level of JA related genes in the abscission zone at low temperature. Different lowercase letters in the same time point indicate significant differences at the 0.05 probability level; ns: no significant difference. Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 1."

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