长江中下游地区糯玉米花期耐热性鉴定及评价指标筛选

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.33019

Abstract

Abstract:

Heat stress has acknowledged as one of the major threats to waxy maize production as a result of global warming gradually seriously. Heat resistance identification and indices screening could provide the theoretical basis in breeding heat-resistant cultivars. In the present study, 13 heat-related parameters of 10 waxy maize cultivars from the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River area were measured under normal temperature treatment (CK) and two heat stress treatments (artificial warming treatment and delayed sowing treatment). Principal component analysis, membership function method, cluster analysis, and stepwise regression analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the heat resistance of waxy maize at flowering stage. The results showed that most indices under heat stress decreased significantly compared with CK, except for chlorophyll a and PS II primary light energy conversion efficiency. Three independent comprehensive components were obtained from 13 single traits using a principal component analysis, and their contribution rates respectively were 64.46%, 15.06%, and 7.76%, which represented 87.28% information of the original data. Ten testing cultivars were divided into three heat-tolerance types that were heat tolerance category, medium heat tolerance category, and high temperature sensitive category based on comprehensive heat tolerance values (D) calculating by membership function methods. SYN2, ZN2, and SYN901 were identified as the heat-resistant cultivars, and planting these cultivars could partly alleviate the negative effects of heat stress on waxy maize production. Finally, stepwise regression method was used to establish a predictive equation to evaluate heat tolerance, which indicating that predictive values (PV) calculated by the predictive equation were basically consistent with D value. The results showed that yield, F_v/F_m, leaf area index, and pollen viability could be used to identify heat-resistant cultivars of waxy maize. The heat tolerant cultivars and identification index selected in the study could serve as a basis for subsequent breeding heat tolerant cultivars of waxy maize.

Key words: waxy maize, heat-tolerance at flowering stage, comprehensive assessment, evaluation indexes

SONG Xu-Dong, ZHU Guang-Long, ZHANG Shu-Yu, ZHANG Hui-Min, ZHOU Guang-Fei, ZHANG Zhen-Liang, MAO Yu-Xiang, LU Hu-Hua, CHEN Guo-Qing, SHI Ming-Liang, XUE Lin, ZHOU Gui-Sheng, HAO De-Rong. Identification of heat tolerance of waxy maizes at flowering stage and screening of evaluation indexes in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River region[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2024, 50(1): 172-186.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Table S1

The performance of 10 waxy maizes for 13 traits under different treatments"

品种 Cultivar	LAI									KNR			SR
品种 Cultivar	CK	H1	H2	CK	H1	H2	CK	H1	H2	CK	H1	H2	CK	H1	H2
苏玉糯639 SYN639	4.47	3.80	4.04	932.4	843.7	860.5	15.1	12.9	13.3	29.67	23.61	25.08	89.65	72.51	74.28
苏玉糯2号 SYN2	3.56	3.22	3.35	892.5	827.1	860.8	14.0	12.8	12.9	27.33	25.01	25.31	90.48	82.15	84.50
苏玉糯11 SYN11	5.17	4.23	4.61	995.9	885.2	917.7	13.9	11.7	11.9	32.67	26.84	27.24	86.91	68.88	69.90
中糯2号ZN2	4.28	3.91	4.03	878.9	789.7	853.2	13.3	12.5	12.4	27.81	25.74	26.24	92.33	84.37	86.20
苏玉糯1803 SYN1803	4.40	3.89	3.99	949.0	831.4	895.2	14.0	12.8	12.7	34.48	29.26	30.48	90.20	73.20	74.80
焦点糯517 JDN517	5.38	4.43	4.97	1090.4	974.1	1045.5	15.6	13.2	13.2	35.67	28.53	29.87	87.08	69.61	70.99
苏玉糯1502 SYN1502	4.62	4.19	4.21	1154.5	998.1	1035.3	15.6	13.3	13.7	29.33	25.39	26.27	88.08	78.59	79.98
苏玉糯1704 SYN1704	4.54	4.13	4.30	903.5	794.9	821.3	13.8	11.5	11.7	33.33	29.33	30.45	85.60	73.11	76.20
苏玉糯901 SYN901	4.37	4.01	4.11	1096.7	1021.2	1032.7	15.0	12.9	13.1	30.67	28.2	28.74	89.35	79.38	81.50
苏玉糯802 SYN802	5.69	5.09	5.37	1143.7	1016.7	1072.9	14.6	13.2	13.2	30.63	26.67	26.84	87.70	75.25	76.10
品种 Cultivar	F_v/F_m			F_v/F_o			Chl a			Chl b			Chl a+b
品种 Cultivar	CK	H1	H2	CK	H1	H2	CK	H1	H2	CK	H1	H2	CK	H1	H2
苏玉糯639 SYN639	0.75	0.68	0.68	2.94	2.60	2.64	0.76	0.69	0.71	1.33	1.14	1.13	2.11	1.79	1.81
苏玉糯2号 SYN2	0.76	0.71	0.73	3.20	2.82	2.97	0.76	0.70	0.70	1.35	1.24	1.25	2.18	2.03	2.01
苏玉糯11 SYN11	0.74	0.67	0.70	3.05	2.56	2.8	0.75	0.65	0.66	1.26	1.07	1.09	2.02	1.77	1.74
中糯2号ZN2	0.76	0.70	0.73	3.21	2.86	2.93	0.73	0.69	0.67	1.28	1.15	1.19	2.04	1.81	1.95
苏玉糯1803 SYN1803	0.76	0.70	0.71	3.12	2.70	2.67	0.76	0.70	0.71	1.45	1.32	1.24	2.17	1.89	1.91
焦点糯517 JDN517	0.78	0.71	0.73	3.50	2.98	3.00	0.77	0.70	0.70	1.37	1.16	1.17	2.15	1.86	1.9
苏玉糯1502 SYN1502	0.75	0.69	0.70	3.19	2.73	2.70	0.76	0.71	0.72	1.21	1.10	1.06	2.05	1.88	1.91
苏玉糯1704 SYN1704	0.78	0.71	0.73	3.48	2.99	3.15	0.78	0.72	0.73	1.12	0.95	1.00	1.99	1.79	1.82
苏玉糯901 SYN901	0.76	0.71	0.72	3.25	2.72	2.97	0.72	0.66	0.68	1.43	1.29	1.30	2.14	1.96	2.03
苏玉糯802 SYN802	0.77	0.68	0.69	3.31	2.82	2.94	0.7	0.63	0.64	1.48	1.31	1.31	2.2	1.94	1.99
品种 Cultivar	PV			ETB			Yield
品种 Cultivar	CK	H1	H2	CK	H1	H2	CK	H1	H2
苏玉糯639 SYN639	CK	H1	H2	CK	H1	H2	10030.5	8158.5	8462.9
苏玉糯2号 SYN2	90.3	71.5	74.1	1.54	2.30	2.40	9518.0	8649.5	8779.5
苏玉糯11 SYN11	88.8	76.3	80.5	1.10	1.29	1.21	10627.5	8382.0	8801.5
中糯2号ZN2	87.2	64.7	71.5	1.67	2.90	2.68	9432.0	8527.5	8911.5
苏玉糯1803 SYN1803	91.2	80.1	82.4	0.73	0.81	0.78	10519.5	8896.5	9021.0
焦点糯517 JDN517	90.3	75.5	77.2	1.10	1.53	1.49	10631.0	8469.0	8736.0
苏玉糯1502 SYN1502	91.1	71.9	74.5	1.43	2.72	2.23	9679.5	8163.5	8371.5
苏玉糯1704 SYN1704	89.5	71.6	77.2	1.50	2.45	2.32	10773.0	9064.5	9360.5
苏玉糯901 SYN901	87.1	70.8	73.3	1.33	2.07	2.00	10242.0	9001.0	9191.0
苏玉糯802 SYN802	91.1	76.9	79.7	1.27	2.09	2.14	10123.5	8542.0	8763.0

Table S1

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Fig. 4

Table 5

Fig. 5

Table 6

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品种 Cultivar	X₁	X₂	X₃	X₄	X₅	X₆	X₇	X₈	X₉	X₁₀	X₁₁	X₁₂	X₁₃
苏玉糯639 SYN639	0.877	0.914	0.870	0.821	0.819	0.913	0.892	0.908	0.852	0.855	0.806	0.829	1.500
苏玉糯2号 SYN2	0.922	0.946	0.924	0.921	0.921	0.943	0.905	0.928	0.919	0.918	0.880	0.917	1.138
苏玉糯11 SYN11	0.856	0.906	0.855	0.828	0.799	0.927	0.879	0.882	0.868	0.869	0.781	0.808	1.676
中糯2号 ZN2	0.928	0.940	0.931	0.935	0.924	0.936	0.903	0.927	0.915	0.923	0.891	0.925	1.089
苏玉糯1803 SYN1803	0.906	0.920	0.910	0.870	0.821	0.929	0.861	0.926	0.884	0.872	0.846	0.842	1.379
焦点糯517 JDN517	0.874	0.930	0.847	0.819	0.808	0.925	0.853	0.905	0.855	0.877	0.804	0.809	1.728
苏玉糯1502 SYN1502	0.909	0.886	0.867	0.881	0.906	0.925	0.851	0.938	0.895	0.922	0.831	0.850	1.593
苏玉糯1704 SYN1704	0.928	0.895	0.842	0.900	0.873	0.921	0.880	0.923	0.869	0.909	0.827	0.854	1.529
苏玉糯901 SYN901	0.930	0.937	0.870	0.929	0.904	0.941	0.878	0.936	0.903	0.932	0.859	0.881	1.676
苏玉糯802 SYN802	0.918	0.916	0.905	0.887	0.864	0.893	0.871	0.905	0.881	0.884	0.839	0.855	1.627
平均值 Mean	0.905	0.919	0.882	0.879	0.864	0.925	0.877	0.918	0.884	0.896	0.836	0.857	1.494
标准差 SD	0.027	0.020	0.033	0.044	0.049	0.014	0.019	0.017	0.024	0.027	0.034	0.040	0.225
变异系数 CV (%)	2.935	2.125	3.698	5.028	5.680	1.563	2.168	1.900	2.673	3.062	4.112	4.700	15.038

	X₁	X₂	X₃	X₄	X₅	X₆	X₇	X₈	X₉	X₁₀	X₁₁	X₁₂	X₁₃
X₁	1.000
X₂	0.142	1.000
X₃	0.435	0.498	1.000
X₄	0.896^**	0.065	0.304	1.000
X₅	0.862^**	0.199	0.579^*	0.903^**	1.000
X₆	0.010	0.448	0.307	0.282	0.275	1.000
X₇	0.344	0.631^*	0.603^*	0.205	0.313	0.341	1.000
X₈	0.678^*	0.296	0.256	0.859^**	0.737^*	0.614^*	0.484	1.000
X₉	0.743^*	0.459	0.317	0.841^**	0.795^**	0.460	0.556	0.942^**	1.000
X₁₀	0.717^*	0.270	0.373	0.889^**	0.834^**	0.560^*	0.360	0.912^**	0.881^**	1.000
X₁₁	0.867^**	0.344	0.536	0.902^**	0.869^**	0.485	0.559	0.912^**	0.896^**	0.884^**	1.000
X₁₂	0.861^**	0.238	0.530	0.884^**	0.914^**	0.316	0.581	0.861^**	0.895^**	0.873^**	0.936^**	1.000
X₁₃	-0.412	0.002	-0.372	-0.424	-0.501	-0.220	-0.659^*	-0.568	-0.543	-0.383	-0.573^*	-0.700^*	1.000

主成分 Principle factor		CI1	CI2	CI3
特征值 Eigen value		8.38	1.96	1.01
贡献率 Contribution ratio		64.46	15.06	7.76
累计贡献率 Cumulative contribution ratio (%)		64.46	79.52	87.28
特征向量 Eigen vector	X₁	0.84	0.36	-0.03
	X₂	0.53	-0.59	0.28
	X₃	0.71	-0.49	-0.34
	X₄	0.94	0.21	-0.09
	X₅	0.91	0.29	-0.07
	X₆	0.55	-0.05	0.81
	X₇	0.55	-0.61	0.00
	X₈	0.75	0.49	0.06
	X₉	0.94	0.03	0.07
	X₁₀	0.82	0.49	0.19
	X₁₁	0.97	-0.07	-0.11
	X₁₂	0.98	-0.12	-0.06
	X₁₃	-0.75	0.49	0.09

品种 Cultivar	CI(1)	CI(2)	CI(3)	u(X₁)	u(X₂)	u(X₃)	D值 D-value	排序 Rank	综合评价 Comprehensive valuation
苏玉糯639 SYN639	2.42	0.46	0.59	0.22	0.61	0.41	0.303	8	高温敏感型 Heat sensitive type
苏玉糯2号 SYN2	2.71	0.36	0.55	0.91	1.00	1.00	0.932	2	耐热型 Heat tolerance type
苏玉糯11 SYN11	2.34	0.53	0.63	0.13	0.43	0.67	0.228	10	高温敏感型 Heat sensitive type
中糯2号 ZN2	2.74	0.35	0.53	0.95	0.98	0.86	0.950	1	耐热型 Heat tolerance type
苏玉糯1803 SYN1803	2.52	0.44	0.57	0.52	0.38	0.72	0.512	6	中等耐热型Medium heat tolerance type
焦点糯517 JDN517	2.34	0.56	0.64	0.20	0.39	0.63	0.269	9	高温敏感型 Heat sensitive type
苏玉糯1502 SYN1502	2.49	0.59	0.59	0.63	0.00	0.64	0.523	5	中等耐热型Medium heat tolerance type
苏玉糯1704 SYN1704	2.50	0.55	0.59	0.57	0.35	0.57	0.533	4	中等耐热型Medium heat tolerance type
苏玉糯901 SYN901	2.54	0.60	0.61	0.79	0.67	0.95	0.787	3	耐热型 Heat tolerance type
苏玉糯802 SYN802	2.47	0.54	0.55	0.43	0.44	0.00	0.393	7	中等耐热型Medium heat tolerance type
权重Weight				0.739	0.173	0.089

品种 Cultivar	预测值 Predicted value	原始值 Primary value	差值 Difference	估计精度 Evaluation accuracy (%)
苏玉糯639 SYN639	0.299	0.303	-0.004	98.68
苏玉糯2号 SYN2	0.935	0.932	0.003	99.68
苏玉糯11 SYN11	0.228	0.228	0.000	100.00
中糯2号 ZN2	0.951	0.950	0.001	99.89
苏玉糯1803 SYN1803	0.516	0.512	0.004	99.22
焦点糯517 JDN517	0.272	0.269	0.003	98.88
苏玉糯1502 SYN1502	0.512	0.523	-0.011	97.90
苏玉糯1704 SYN1704	0.542	0.533	0.000	100.00
苏玉糯901 SYN901	0.778	0.787	0.009	98.31
苏玉糯802 SYN802	0.392	0.393	-0.009	98.86

Identification of heat tolerance of waxy maizes at flowering stage and screening of evaluation indexes in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River region

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耐热类型 Tolerance type	品种 Cultivar	对照产量 Control yield (kg hm^-2)	高温产量 High temperature yield (kg hm^-2)			产量下降比例 Relative yield reduction (%)
耐热类型 Tolerance type	品种 Cultivar	对照产量 Control yield (kg hm^-2)	H1	H2	平均值Mean	H1	H2	平均值Mean
耐热型 Heat resistance	中糯2号 ZN2	628.8	568.5	594.1	581.3	9.59	5.52	7.55
	苏玉糯2号 SYN2	634.5	576.6	585.3	581.0	9.12	7.76	8.44
	苏玉糯901 SYN901	682.8	600.1	612.7	606.4	12.12	10.26	11.19
高温敏感型 Heat sensitive	苏玉糯639 SYN639	668.7	543.9	564.2	554.0	18.66	15.63	17.15
	焦点糯517 JDN517	708.7	564.6	582.4	573.5	20.34	17.83	19.08
	苏玉糯11 SYN11	708.5	558.8	586.8	572.8	21.13	17.18	19.16
中等耐热型 Medium resistance	苏玉糯1803 SYN1803	701.3	593.1	601.4	597.3	15.43	14.24	14.84
	苏玉糯1502 SYN1502	645.3	544.2	558.1	551.2	15.66	13.51	14.59
	苏玉糯1704 SYN1704	718.2	604.3	624.0	614.2	15.86	13.11	14.49
	苏玉糯802 SYN802	674.9	569.5	584.2	576.8	15.62	13.44	14.53

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