甜高粱分蘖去留与糖产量及氮素利用的比较分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.01950

Abstract

Abstract: Sweet sorghum is one of the most promising renewable energy crop because of its high biomass and soluble sugar content, particularly the intensive resistance to sterile soils and wide adaptability, as well as higher alcohol transformation efficiency compared to other crops, such as maize, sugarcane, rice, sweet beet, et al. To testify whether tillers of sweet sorghum could have distinctive effects on sugar yield, two mostly grown sweet sorghum varieties Rio and Sumac were chosen, which were introduced from America with similar growth duration and higher lodging resistance. Dry matter weight of various organs from anthesis to maturity was measured for plants with all tillers retained and uniculm plants (removed all tillers once they occurred under two plant densities, higher (75000 plants ha^–1) and lower (37500 plants ha^–1). Also the nitrogen (N) contents at both anthesis and physiological maturity periods were determined. The results showed that compared with uniculm plants at either higher or lower densities, plants with tillers had significantly higher biomass and sugar yield, with an averaged increase by 21.9% and 81.6%, 17.1% and 63.8%, respectively. The sugar content in main culms of plant with tillers was close to that removed tillers under higher density, while it deceased significantly under lower density, but the averaged sugar content of all tillers was nearly equivalent to or a little higher than that of plants removed tillers, this may be ascribed to the lower nitrogen content of tillers. The dry matter weight of whole plant consisting of stalks, leaves and sheaths, and panicles was higher than that of uniculm plants, and stalks of plants with tillers remaining maintained higher N accumulation and N distribution at both anthesis and maturing stages, that maybe the primary result of significantly increase in stalk biomass. In conclusion, the tiller remaining plants harvest higher sugar yield accompanied by both increased leaf and panicle biomass, since sugar yield produced by tillers could compensate for the decreased value of main culm caused by competition of nutrient uptake and utilization between main culm and tillers. Retaining tillers probably contribute to explore sugar yield potential of sweet sorghum, and at the same time may reduce the investment cost in cultivation.

Key words: Sweet sorghum, Tiller, Plant density, Nitrogen, Sugar yield

WU Qiu-Ping, WANG Yong-Jun, JIANG Wen-Shun, ZHANG Ji-Wang, LIU Peng, DONG Shu-Ting, WANG Kong-Jun. Comparison of Sugar Yield and Nitrogen Utilization in Tiller Removing or Remaining of Sweet Sorghum[J].Acta Agron Sin, 2010, 36(11): 1950-1958.

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Comparison of Sugar Yield and Nitrogen Utilization in Tiller Removing or Remaining of Sweet Sorghum

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