[1]Chen W-F(陈温福), Zhang W-M(张伟明), Meng J(孟军), Xu Z-J(徐正进). Researches on biochar application technology. Engineering Sci (中国工程科学), 2011, 13(2): 83–89 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[2]Braida W J, Pignatello J J, Lu Y F, Ravikovitch P I, Neimark A V, Xing B S. Sorption hystersis of benzene in charcoal particles. Environ Sci Technol, 2003, 37: 409–417



[3]Kramer R W, Kujawinski E B, Hatcher P G. Identification of black carbon derived structures in a volcanic ash soil humicacid by Fourier transformion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Environ Sci Technol, 2004, 38: 3387–3395



[4]Lehmann J, da Silva J P, Steiner C, Nehls T, Zech W, Glaser B. Nutrient availability and leaching in an archaeological Anthrosol and a Ferralsol of the Central Amazon basin: Fertilizer, manure and charcoal amendments. Plant Soil, 2003, 249: 343–357



[5]Glaser B, Lehmann J, Zech W. Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal-a review. Biol Fert Soils, 2002, 35: 219–230



[6]Steiner C, Glaser B, Teixeira W G, Lehmann J, Blum W E H, Zech W. Nitrogen retention and plant uptake on a highly weathered central Amazonian Ferralsol amended with compost and charcoal. Plant Nutr Soil Sci, 2008, 171: 893–899



[7]Liang B, Lehmann J, Solomon D, Kinyangi J, Grossman J, O’Neill B, Skjemstad J O, Thies J, Luizao F J, Petersen J, Neves E G. Black carbon increases cation exchange capacity in soils. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 2006, 70: 1719–1730



[8]Steiner C, Teixeira W G, Lehmann J, Nehls T, MacêDo J L V, Blum W E H, Zech W. Long term effects of manure, charcoal and mineral fertilization on crop production and fertility on a highly weathered Central Amazonian upland soil. Plant Soil, 2007, 291: 275–290



[9]zehmann J, Weigl D, Peter I, Droppelmann K, Gebauer G, Goldbach H, Zech W. Nutrient interactions of alley-cropped Sorghum bicolor and Acacia saligna in a run off irrigation system in Northern Kenya. Plant Soil, 1999, 210: 249–262



[10]Cui Y-F(崔月峰), Zeng Y-C(曾雅琴), Chen W-F(陈温福). Applying effect of pellet active carbon and slow release fertilizer on maize. Liaoning Agric Sci (辽宁农业科学), 2008, (3): 5–8 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[11]Cui Y-F(崔月峰), Chen W-F(陈温福). Preliminary study of environment-friendly and biochar-based slow release fertilizer application effect on soybean and peanut. Liaoning Agric Sci (辽宁农业科学), 2008, (4): 41–43 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[12]Zhang W-M(张伟明), Zhang Q-Z(张庆忠), Chen W-F(陈温福). Effects of crop-residue-derived charcoal Amendment on growth and development of rice in a Cd-polluted soil. North Rice (北方水稻), 2009, 39(2): 4–7 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[13]Steiner C, Blum W E H, Zech W, de Macedo J L V, Teixeira W G, Lehmann J, Nehls T. Long term effects of manure, charcoal, and mineral: fertilization on crop production and fertility on a highly weathered central Amazonian upland soil. Plant Soil, 2007, 291: 275–290



[14]Lehmann J, Weigl D, Peter I, Droppelmann K, Gebauer G, Goldbach H, Zech W. Nutrient interactions of alley-cropped Sorghum bicolor and Acacia saligna in a run off irrigation system in Northern Kenya. Plant Soil, 1999, 210: 249–262



[15]Glaser B, Haumaier L, Guggenberger G, Zech W. The “Terra Preta” phenomenon:a model for sustainable agriculture in the humid tropics. Naturwissenschaften, 2001, 1: 37–41



[16]Liu T-J(刘桃菊), Qi C-H(戚昌瀚), Tang J-J(唐建军). Studies on relationship between the character parameters of root and yield formation in rice. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2002, 35(11): 1416–1419 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[17]Cai K-Z(蔡昆争), Luo S-M(骆世明), Duan S-S(段舜山). The relationship between spatial distribution of rice root system and yield. J South China Agric Univ (华南农业大学学报), 2003, 24(3): 1–41 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[18]Zhu D-F(朱德峰), Lin X-Q(林贤青), Cao W-X(曹卫星). Effects of deep roots on growth and yield in two rice varieties. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2001, 35(4): 1416–1419 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[19]Dong G-C(董桂春), Wang Y-L(王余龙), Wang J-G(王坚刚), Shan Y-H(单玉华), Ma A-J(马爱京), Yang H-J(杨洪建), Zhang C-S(张传胜), Cai H-R(蔡惠荣). Differences of root traits among varietal types in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2002, 28(6): 749–755 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[20]Zhang X-Z(张宪政), Chen F-Y(陈凤玉), Wang R-F(王荣富). Plant Physiology Experimental Techniques(植物生理学实验技术). Shenyang: Liaoning Scientific and Technical Publishers, 1999 (in Chinese)



[21]Zhang X-Z(张宪政). Research Methods of Crop Physiology (作物生理研究法). Beijing: Agriculture Press, 1992. pp 140–142 (in Chinese)



[22]Chidumayo E N. Effects of wood carbonization on soil and initial development of seedlings in miombo woodland, Zambia. For Ecol Manag, 1994, 70: 353–357



[23]Goldberg E D. Bla对照 Carbon in the Environment: Properties and Distribution. New York: John Wiley Press, 1985



[24]Lehmann J. A handful of carbon. Nature, 2007, 447: 143–144



[25]Lehmann J, daSilvaJr J P, Steiner C, Nehls T, Zech W, Glaser B. Nutrient availability and leaching in an archaeological Anthrosol and a Ferralsol of the Central Amazon basin: fertilizer, manure and charcoal amendments. Plant Soil, 2003, 249: 343–357



[26]Cornelissen G, Kukulska Z, Kalaitzidis S. Relations between environmental bla对照 carbon sorption and geochemical sorbent characteristics. Environ Sci Technol, 2004, 38: 3632–3640



[27]Oguntunde P G, Abiodun B J, Ajayi A E, van de Giesen N. Effects of charcoal production on soil physical properties in ghana. J Plant Nutr Soil Sci, 2008, 171: 591–596



[28]Glaser B, Lehmann J, Zech W. Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal-a review. Biol Fert Soils, 2002, 35: 219–230



[29]Yuan J H, Xu R K. The amelioration effects of low temperature biochar generated from nine crop residues on an acidic Ultisol. Soil Use Manag, 2011, 27: 110–115



[30]Laird D A, Fleming P, Davis D D, Hortonb R, Wangc B, Karlena D L. Impact of biochar amendment on the quality of a typical Midwestern agricultural soil. Geoderma, 2010, 158: 443–449



[31]Mizuta K, Matsumoto T, Hatate Y, Nishihara K, Nakanishi T. Removal of nitrate-nitrogen from drinking water using bamboo powder charcoal. Bioresour Technol, 2004, 95: 255–257



[32]Accardi-Dey A, Gschwend P M. Assessing the combined roles of natural organic matter and black carbon as sorbents in sedi ments. Environ Sci Technol, 2002, 36: 21–29



[33]Simone E, KolbKevin J, Fcrmanich M E. Effect of charcoal quantity on microbial biomass and activity in temperate soils. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 2009, 73: 1173–1181



[34]Ogawa M. Symbiosis of people and nature in the tropics. Farm Jpn, 1994, l28: 10–34



[35]Saito M, Marumoto T. Inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: the status quo in Japan and the future prospects. Plant Soil, 2002, 244: 273–279



[36]Warno D D, Lehmann J, Kuyper T W, Rillig M C. Mycorrhizal responses to biochar in soil-concepts and mechanisms. Plant Soil, 2007, 300: 9–20