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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2014, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (11): 1990-1998.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.01990

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Characteristics of Grain Filling and Nitrogen Translocation of Maize Parent Lines Released in Different Eras in China

LI Cong-Feng1,ZHAO Ming1,LIU Peng2,ZHANG Ji-Wang2,YANG Jin-Sheng3,DONG Shu-Ting2,*   

  1. 1 Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China, 2 State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China, ,3Denghai Seed Co. Ltd. of Shandong Province, Laizhou 261448, China
  • Received:2014-01-24 Revised:2014-09-16 Online:2014-11-12 Published:2014-10-01

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the evolution characteristic of grain filling and nitrogen translocation in maize hybrids parents released in different eras, which provides the critically important information for nitrogen efficient cultivar. Sixteen elite parent lines released in 1960s, 1980s, and 2000s with widely popularized and utilized in China were used in 2007–2008 to analyze the changes in grain filling traits and nitrogen efficiency associated with yields in genetic improvement during the past four decades. The results showed that compared with 1980s and 1960s hybrids and their parents, the modern hybrids and parent lines had higher grain yield significantly, and the correlation analysis indicated that the yield increasing of hybrids closely related to that of their parents (P < 0.05). However, the yield of parents was not significantly related with their ear numbers, and was significant positively correlated with 100-kenerl weight (P < 0.05) in different eras. Compared with 1980s and 1960s hybrids parents, their contemporary parents had higher initiation potential(R0), delayed time of the highest filling rate, and higher growth amount at biggest filling rate (Wmax) and the highest grain filling rate (Gmax). Also, the modern hybrids parents maintained higher dry matter accumulation, stem-sheath matter exportation rate, and stem-sheath matter contribution. As far as nitrogen translocation, the modern hybrids parents had higher N accumulation amount (P < 0.05), without obvious advantages in transportation rate and contribution rate, and higher nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) and higher nitrogen harvest index (NHI) (P < 0.05). These demonstrated that the modern hybrids parent lines maintain higher grain yield and nitrogen efficiency, which is closely correlated with stronger grain filling ability and organic matter accumulation efficiency.

Key words: Maize (Zea mays L.), Released in different eras, Parent lines, Grain filling, Nitrogen efficiency

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