大麻GRAS转录因子家族的全基因组鉴定及镉胁迫下表达分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.04078

Abstract

Abstract:

GRAS transcription factors play important roles in plant growth, development and stress responses. In order to systematically analyze the GRAS transcription factor family in hemp, we performed a genome-wide identification of hemp GRAS genes, analyzed their physical and chemical properties, phylogenetic development, gene structure, and GRAS gene expression under cadmium stress in two hemp varieties (Yunma 1 and Inner Mongolia Xiaolidama). The results showed that there were 54 GRAS transcription factors in hemp genome, with the protein length from 415 to 757, encoding 96.30% of acidic proteins, the molecular weight from 46,405.05 to 85,748.52 kD and the isoelectric point from 4.77 to 8.54. These transcription factors were divided into nine subfamilies, among which, PAT1, LS, SHR, and HAM were more conserved, PAT1, LISCL, and CsGRASA had a large number of tandem repeats of genes, and CSGRAS12 genes were all present in collinearity analysis of five plants. Yunma 1 and Inner Mongolia Xiaolidama were treated with cadmium stress. Plant height and the fresh weight decreased in Yunma 1 and Inner Mongolia Xiaolidama, by 10.48%, 6.33% and 66.07%, 42.67%, respectively, indicating that Yunma 1 was more tolerant than Inner Mongolia Xiaolidama under cadmium stress. Among 54 GRAS genes in Yunma 1, 42 genes (77.78%) were up-regulated by 1.05-18.10, and 11 genes (20.37%) were down-regulated by 0.13-0.91. Among 54 GRAS genes in small-grain cannabis in Inner Mongolia, 27 genes (50.00%) were up-regulated by 1.01-6.46, and 27 genes (50.00%) were down-regulated by 0.30-0.96. This study showed that the 40 homologous GRAS gene in Yunma 1 were significanlty up- or down-regulated than those in Inner Mongolia Xiaolidama under cadmium stress, indicating that these GRAS genes were significantly related to cadmium stress. This study can provide a reference for subsequent mining and verification of GRAS genes in hemp.

Key words: hemp, GRAS transcription factors, phylogenetic analysis, gene structure analysis, expression analysis

YIN Ming, YANG Da-Wei, TANG Hui-Juan, PAN Gen, LI De-Fang, ZHAO Li-Ning, HUANG Si-Qi. Genome-wide identification of GRAS transcription factor and expression analysis in response to cadmium stresses in hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2021, 47(6): 1054-1069.

Figures/Tables 13

Table 1

GRAS genes and their related information"

基因名称 Gene name	NCBI基因登录号 NCBI gene accession	蛋白长度 Length (aa)	等电点 pI	分子量 Molecular weight (kD)
CsGRAS1	LOC115696991	458	4.77	52,006.96
CsGRAS2	LOC115698980	494	5.15	54,901.55
CsGRAS3	LOC115698988	724	5.99	81,047.24
CsGRAS4	LOC115700662	455	5.66	49,596.06
CsGRAS5	LOC115701004	454	6.68	50,178.21
CsGRAS6	LOC115702418	528	5.24	57,541.56
CsGRAS7	LOC115703632	559	6.21	62,215.78
CsGRAS8	LOC115705736	722	5.77	78,760.91
CsGRAS9	LOC115705815	722	5.72	78,817.91
CsGRAS10	LOC115705915	721	5.74	78,730.89
CsGRAS11	LOC115706185	539	5.51	59,352.41
CsGRAS12	LOC115707313	544	6.33	61,258.62
CsGRAS13	LOC115710202	582	4.92	64,716.73
CsGRAS14	LOC115710247	582	4.92	64,716.73
CsGRAS15	LOC115710247	582	4.92	64,716.73
CsGRAS16	LOC115710247	582	4.92	64,716.73
CsGRAS17	LOC115710247	582	4.92	64,716.73
CsGRAS18	LOC115710247	582	4.92	64,716.73
CsGRAS19	LOC115710247	582	4.92	64,716.73
CsGRAS20	LOC115710262	514	4.93	57,833.13
CsGRAS21	LOC115711337	467	5.82	52,554.66
CsGRAS22	LOC115711473	549	6.13	61,322.10
CsGRAS23	LOC115712444	497	5.28	56,735.16
CsGRAS24	LOC115712525	504	5.68	56,355.13
CsGRAS25	LOC115712712	613	5.08	67,527.83
CsGRAS26	LOC115712875	508	6.30	56,609.53
CsGRAS27	LOC115714404	622	5.33	68,325.01
CsGRAS28	LOC115714408	600	5.95	66,439.36
CsGRAS29	LOC115715793	628	5.08	71,316.90
CsGRAS30	LOC115716239	617	6.03	68,009.17
CsGRAS31	LOC115716331	700	5.99	76,887.41
CsGRAS32	LOC115716409	616	6.19	67,882.02
CsGRAS33	LOC115716431	752	6.29	82,128.85
CsGRAS34	LOC115717012	697	5.36	77,185.61
CsGRAS35	LOC115718811	645	6.73	73,634.61
CsGRAS36	LOC115718865	746	5.80	85,106.83
CsGRAS37	LOC115718865	709	5.66	80,996.82
CsGRAS38	LOC115718866	630	7.24	72,454.10
CsGRAS39	LOC115718867	621	5.69	71,491.35
CsGRAS40	LOC115718867	551	6.37	63,913.20
CsGRAS41	LOC115718867	506	8.54	58,824.80
CsGRAS42	LOC115719316	749	5.03	84,965.93
CsGRAS43	LOC115719656	757	5.10	85,748.52
CsGRAS44	LOC115719656	636	5.20	73,211.22
基因名称 Gene name	NCBI基因登录号 NCBI gene accession	蛋白长度 Length (aa)	等电点 pI	分子量 Molecular weight (kD)
CsGRAS45	LOC115719730	698	5.68	78,688.43
CsGRAS46	LOC115722004	577	4.94	66,178.24
CsGRAS47	LOC115723037	575	5.14	64,688.92
CsGRAS48	LOC115723133	436	5.58	49,164.54
CsGRAS49	LOC115723500	454	6.00	51,420.59
CsGRAS50	LOC115724710	577	6.05	64,503.06
CsGRAS51	LOC115724919	548	5.14	61,008.73
CsGRAS52	LOC115724919	415	5.20	46,405.05
CsGRAS53	LOC115725148	463	5.64	52,596.41
CsGRAS54	LOC115725491	756	6.16	85,229.91

Table 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Table 2

Relative expression of GRAS genes in Yunma 1"

基因名称 Gene name	云麻1号对照组 Yunma 1 control check	云麻镉胁迫组 Yunma 1 cadmium stress	变化值 Fold change	基因名称 Gene name	云麻对照组 Yunma 1 control check	云麻镉胁迫组 Yunma 1 cadmium stress	变化值 Fold change
CsGRAS24	2.44	0.33	0.13^*	CsGRAS28	2.31	4.07	1.76^*
CsGRAS46	4.02	0.58	0.14^*	CsGRAS13	4.74	9.76	2.06^*
CsGRAS25	42.77	20.24	0.47^*	CsGRAS32	13.12	27.08	2.06^*
CsGRAS33	6.56	3.12	0.48^*	CsGRAS52	8.33	18.67	2.24^*
CsGRAS2	1.62	0.78	0.48	CsGRAS1	0.21	0.46	2.24
CsGRAS11	30.07	14.91	0.50^*	CsGRAS29	0.21	0.46	2.24
CsGRAS22	1.63	0.91	0.56	CsGRAS12	19.52	44.15	2.26^*
CsGRAS54	6.20	4.59	0.74	CsGRAS30	7.67	18.41	2.40^*
CsGRAS6	0.32	0.28	0.88	CsGRAS5	0.37	0.97	2.65
CsGRAS42	9.74	8.87	0.91	CsGRAS7	1.00	2.68	2.69^*
CsGRAS48	0.25	0.26	1.05	CsGRAS38	2.22	6.10	2.75^*
CsGRAS9	6.16	6.88	1.12	CsGRAS43	0.74	2.10	2.85^*
CsGRAS4	8.31	9.43	1.14	CsGRAS47	0.04	0.11	2.91
CsGRAS21	2.66	3.16	1.19	CsGRAS40	0.31	0.99	3.19
CsGRAS20	0.76	0.93	1.21	CsGRAS17	3.35	11.74	3.51^*
CsGRAS10	7.49	9.54	1.27	CsGRAS37	12.42	61.52	4.95^*
CsGRAS36	8.79	11.82	1.34	CsGRAS41	0.21	1.19	5.59^*
CsGRAS31	14.46	19.51	1.35	CsGRAS26	0.04	0.21	5.64
CsGRAS23	0.20	0.27	1.37	CsGRAS50	8.33	57.94	6.96^*
基因名称 Gene name	云麻1号对照组 Yunma 1 control check	云麻镉胁迫组 Yunma 1 cadmium stress	变化值 Fold change	基因名称 Gene name	云麻对照组 Yunma 1 control check	云麻镉胁迫组 Yunma 1 cadmium stress	变化值 Fold change
CsGRAS15	3.04	4.43	1.46	CsGRAS3	0.01	0.14	10.50^*
CsGRAS49	0.97	1.44	1.49	CsGRAS39	0.03	0.60	18.10^*
CsGRAS8	8.98	13.70	1.53^*	CsGRAS18	0.00	0.30	0.30^*
CsGRAS27	18.49	28.66	1.55^*	CsGRAS19	0.00	0.17	0.17^*
CsGRAS44	4.33	6.75	1.56	CsGRAS34	0.00	0.03	0.03
CsGRAS16	0.32	0.51	1.59	CsGRAS35	0.00	0.32	0.32^*
CsGRAS14	0.76	1.24	1.62^*	CsGRAS45	0.00	0.00	0.00
CsGRAS51	6.82	11.11	1.63^*	CsGRAS53	0.27	0.00	-0.27^*

Table 2

Table 3

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

Fig. 10

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基因名称 Gene name	内蒙大麻对照组 Inner Mongolia Xiaolidama control check	内蒙大麻镉胁迫组 Inner Mongolia Xiaolidama cadmium stress	变化值 Fold change	基因名称 Gene name	内蒙大麻对照组 Inner Mongolia Xiaolidama control check	内蒙大麻镉胁迫组 Inner Mongolia Xiaolidama cadmium stress	变化值 Fold change
CsGRAS24	5.40	1.61	0.30^*	CsGRAS31	20.57	20.70	1.01
CsGRAS53	0.84	0.37	0.44^*	CsGRAS40	0.60	0.62	1.02
CsGRAS22	2.70	1.35	0.50^*	CsGRAS39	0.31	0.33	1.05
CsGRAS48	0.34	0.17	0.50	CsGRAS42	9.72	10.66	1.10
CsGRAS25	49.36	28.23	0.57^*	CsGRAS4	8.38	9.73	1.16
CsGRAS21	2.54	1.61	0.63	CsGRAS44	4.87	5.91	1.21
CsGRAS33	12.12	7.76	0.64^*	CsGRAS52	12.38	15.14	1.22
CsGRAS36	10.98	7.07	0.64	CsGRAS13	6.41	8.78	1.37
CsGRAS41	1.27	0.97	0.76	CsGRAS47	0.08	0.11	1.38
CsGRAS17	8.55	6.64	0.78	CsGRAS28	1.85	2.58	1.39
CsGRAS11	37.71	29.54	0.78	CsGRAS30	12.06	17.68	1.47^*
CsGRAS18	0.22	0.18	0.78^*	CsGRAS9	6.75	9.90	1.47^*
CsGRAS20	0.28	0.23	0.79	CsGRAS51	14.04	21.05	1.50^*
CsGRAS7	1.70	1.39	0.82	CsGRAS38	2.68	4.34	1.62
CsGRAS6	0.28	0.23	0.82	CsGRAS12	17.93	31.35	1.75^*
CsGRAS1	0.48	0.40	0.83	CsGRAS15	1.82	3.65	2.00
CsGRAS29	0.48	0.40	0.83	CsGRAS45	0.04	0.10	2.73
CsGRAS14	1.08	0.94	0.87	CsGRAS16	0.10	0.30	3.00
CsGRAS27	20.63	18.12	0.88	CsGRAS50	13.12	41.91	3.19^*
CsGRAS23	0.29	0.26	0.89	CsGRAS3	0.01	0.05	3.38
CsGRAS49	1.10	0.99	0.89	CsGRAS5	0.31	1.20	3.87^*
CsGRAS32	13.96	12.66	0.91	CsGRAS37	8.00	34.34	4.29^*
CsGRAS8	14.56	13.35	0.92	CsGRAS43	2.10	9.65	4.59^*
CsGRAS10	4.19	3.87	0.92	CsGRAS26	0.08	0.50	6.46^*
CsGRAS54	7.36	6.96	0.94	CsGRAS19	0.00	0.17	0.17^*
CsGRAS46	1.17	1.12	0.95	CsGRAS34	0.00	0.23	0.23^*
CsGRAS2	2.82	2.71	0.96	CsGRAS35	0.00	0.89	0.89^*

Genome-wide identification of GRAS transcription factor and expression analysis in response to cadmium stresses in hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)

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[3]	Tian Li-Tao, Ding Ning, Wang Shu-Lin, Qi En-Fang, Zhang Rong, Wang Rui-Rui, Ma Li-Wen, Li Jian-Wu, Yang Jiang-Wei. Genome-wide identification of the Argonaute gene family and its induction by late blight in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(4): 1116-1126.
[4]	Yang Zong-Tao, Yang Ting, Wang Yu-Tong, Ai Jing, Li Yan-Ye, Liu Jia-Yong, Deng Jun, Zhao Yong, Zhang Yue-Bin. Identification and expression analysis of the CLC gene family in sugarcane [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(3): 722-734.
[5]	Meng Cheng, Wang Zhe. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the ZmPFK gene family under biotic and abiotic stresses in maize [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(3): 764-779.
[6]	Zhang Li-Lan, Yang Jun, Wang Rang-Jian. Identification of candidate genes related to glycoside aroma precursor content in tea plant using WGCNA [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(2): 494-513.
[7]	Jing Xiu-Qing, Cai Yong-Duo, Deng Ning, Zhao Xiao-Dong, Zhai Fei-Hong, Zeng Qun. Identification and expression pattern analysis of RopGEF family genes in Chenopodium quinoa [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(1): 28-43.
[8]	WANG Bin, MENG Jiang-Yu, QIU Hao-Liang, HE Ya-Jun, QIAN Wei. Identification and expression pattern analysis of the BnaDUF579 gene family in Brassica napus [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(8): 2100-2110.
[9]	GUO Teng-Da, CUI Meng-Jie, CHEN Lin-Jie, HAN Suo-Yi, GUO Jing-Kun, WU Chen-Di, FU Liu-Yang, HUANG Bing-Yan, DONG Wen-Zhao, ZHANG Xin-You. Cloning and expression analysis of the phosphatidylinositol transfer protein AhSFH gene in peanuts responsive to Aspergillus flavus infection [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(6): 1489-1500.
[10]	PAN Ju-Zhong, WEI Ping, ZHU De-Ping, SHAO Sheng-Xue, CHEN Shan-Shan, WEI Ya-Qian, GAO Wei-Wei. Cloning and functional analysis of OsERF104 transcription factor in rice [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(4): 900-913.
[11]	QI Jia-Min, XU Chun-Miao, XIAO Bin. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of TIFY gene family in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2024, 50(9): 2297-2309.
[12]	CAO Song, YAO Min, REN Rui, JIA Yuan, XIANG Xing-Ru, LI Wen, HE Xin, LIU Zhong-Song, GUAN Chun-Yun, QIAN Lun-Wen, XIONG Xing-Hua. A combination of genome-wide association and transcriptome analysis reveal candidate genes affecting seed oil accumulation in Brassica napus [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2024, 50(5): 1136-1146.
[13]	LI Hai-Fen, LU Qing, LIU Hao, WEN Shi-Jie, WANG Run-Feng, HUANG Lu, CHEN Xiao-Ping, HONG Yan-Bin, LIANG Xuan-Qiang. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of AhGA3ox gene family in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2024, 50(4): 932-943.
[14]	WANG Tian-Ning, FENG Ya-Lan, JU Ji-Hao, WU Yi, ZHANG Jun, MA Chao. Whole genome identification and analysis of GRFs transcription factor family in wheat and its ancestral species [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2024, 50(4): 897-813.
[15]	DAI Hong-Wei, LIU Jie-Qiang, ZHANG Li, TONG Hua-Rong, YUAN Lian-Yu. Cloning and relative expression pattern analysis of CsMCC1 and CsMCC2 in tea plant (Camellia sinensis) [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2024, 50(3): 656-668.