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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (8): 1427-1436.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.01067

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Chromosome transmission in hybrids between tetraploid and hexaploid wheat

LUO Jiang-Tao1(), ZHENG Jian-Min1, PU Zong-Jun1,*(), FAN Chao-Lan2, LIU Deng-Cai2, HAO Ming2,*()   

  1. 1Crop Research Institute of Sichuan Academic of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, China
    2Triticeae Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2020-08-20 Accepted:2021-01-13 Online:2021-08-12 Published:2021-02-19
  • Contact: PU Zong-Jun,HAO Ming E-mail:jtluohao@163.com;pzjun68@163.com;haomingluo@foxmail.com
  • Supported by:
    Science and Technology Planning Project of Sichuan Province(2016NYZ0012);Science and Technology Planning Project of Sichuan Province(2017JY0077);Science and Technology Planning Project of Sichuan Province(2018JY0627);Financial Innovation Capacity Improvement Project of Sichuan Province(2016ZYPZ-016);Sichuan Provincial Breeding Research Project(2021YFYZ0002)

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Abstract:

Tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum L., AABB) and common wheat (Triticum aestivum L., AABBDD) are two main types of cultivated wheat. Transferring the genes from tetraploid wheat (or hexaploid wheat) into hexaploid wheat (or tetraploid wheat) by distant hybridization is an important method for wheat genetic improvement. However, the F1 hybrid of tetraploid/ hexaploid wheat was pentaploid with unbalanced genome composition, containing two sets of genomes A and B, and only one set of genome D. The genetic divergences from both nuclear and cytoplasmic genomes of the two parents may affect the chromosome transmission efficiency of pentaploid hybrids. In the present study, tetraploid or hexaploid wheats with different genetic backgrounds were used as female or male parents to generate pentaploid F1s. The chromosome composition of F2s were analyzed by multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization. The results showed that the genetic background of parent lines has a significant effect on the self-setting rate of F1s. The A and B genome chromosomes were relatively stable during F1 self-process, and the mean total number of A and B chromosomes per F2 individual was close to 28 in both AABB/AABBDD and AABBDD/AABB F2s (27.9 vs. 28.0). However, the average number of D chromosomes retained in F2s with tetraploid wheat as female parent was significantly higher than that with hexaploid wheat as female parent (7.0 vs. 2.9). Therefore, when tetraploid wheat was the final target progeny, hexaploid wheat should be used as the primary female parent to generate F1 hybrids; vice versa, tetraploid wheat should be used.

Key words: tetraploid wheat, hexaploid wheat, chromosome transmission

Table 1

Self-crossing seed-setting rate of F1 population of each hybrid combination"

组配类型
Combination type		 杂交组合
Cross combination		 小穗数
Number of spikelets		 结实数
Solid number		 结实率
Seed-setting rate (%)
六倍体/四倍体
Hexaploid/tetraploid		 P1561/PI185192* — — —
13L2069/PI113961* — — —
亲2142/PI415152 Qin 2142/PI415152 64 5 7.8
亲2122/PI34945 Qin 2122/PI34945 404 288 71.3
亲2120/PI223171 Qin 2120/PI223171 389 161 41.4
亲2120/CITR14139 Qin 2120/CITR14139 431 267 62.0
贵协2号/PI185192 Guixie 2/PI185192 141 21 14.9
贵协011-2/PI190973 Guixie 011-2/PI190973 91 4 4.4
Li-50/PI185192 302 4 1.3
Li-50/PI113961 128 25 19.5
Li-22/PI190973 634 18 2.8
13L2071-2/PI190973 340 24 7.1
总计Total 2924 817 27.9
四倍体/六倍体
Tetraploid/hexaploid		 PI185192/WJN1428* — — —
PI94666/川麦608 PI94666/Chuanmai 608 480 90 18.8
PI352369/贵协011-1 PI352369/Guixie 011-1 182 49 26.9
PI191808/WJN1428 230 72 31.3
PI185192/亲2147 PI185192/Qin 2147 417 106 25.4
PI185192/亲2122 PI185192/Qin 2122 223 142 63.7
CITR14139/WJN1428 125 184 147.2
AS2255/亲2120 AS2255/Qin 2120 83 63 75.9
总计 Total 1740 706 40.6

Fig. 1

FISH karyotypes of parental lines Guixie 011-1 (A) and Qin 2120 (B) Boxes in red indicate the reciprocal translocation chromosomes."

Fig. 2

Distribution of total chromosome number (left) and D genome chromosome number (right) in F2 plants Line in red, green, and blue in the left graph indicates average chromosome number per line in AABB/AABBDD population, AABBDD/ AABB population, and both of them, respectively. Diamonds in blue in the right graph represent the mean values."

Fig. 3

Mean number (left) and total number (right) of D chromosomes retained in F2 hybrids Each row represents an individual plant of F2 population. Dotted lines are used to divide different hybrid combinations."

Fig. 4

The ratio of D chromosomes with different copy number variation in AABB/AABBDD (upper) and AABBDD/AABB population (bottom)"

Table 2

Chromosomal variation in F2 hybrids"

组配类型
Combination type		 杂交组合
Cross combination		 材料编号
Material code		 类型
Type
AABB/AABBDD PI185192/亲2122 PI185192/Qin 2122 M143-7 3*1B+3*3B
PI185192/亲2147 PI185192/Qin 2147 M145-4 1*1A
M145-5 1*5DS-
M145-10 1*7DS.7DLV
CITR14139/WJN1428 M146-4 3*6B
M146-5 1*5DS-+1*3DS-5DL+1*6DS.6DL-
M146-10 3*3B
PI352369/贵协011-1 PI352369/Guixie 011-1 M147-1 1*4AL.4AS-5DL.5DS+2*6DS.3AL+1*4B+2*?
M147-2 0*4B+2*6DS.3AL+2*?
M147-3 1*4B+2*6DS.3AL+1*3DS.3DL-+1*6DS
M147-6 2*6DS.3AL+1*?
M147-7 1*4B+1*?
M147-9 1*6DS.3AL+1*?
M147-11 1*6DS.3AL+1*?
AS2255/亲2120 AS2255/Qin 2120 M161-1 1*5BS.7BS+1*5BL.7BL
M161-8 1*3DS-
AABBDD/AABB P1561/PI85192 M149-7 1*2AS.2AL-6AL
13L2069/PI113961 M154-2 1*2AS.2AL-6AL
亲2120/CITR14139 Qin 2120/CITR14139 M157-3 1*3DSV.3DL
亲2120/PI223171 Qin 2120/PI223171 M158-2 1*5BS.7BS+1*5BL.7BL
M158-3 1*5BS.7BS+1*5BL.7BL
M158-4 3*6B+1*5BS.7BS+1*5BL.7BL
亲2142/PI415152 Qin 2142/PI415152 M160-1 1*3DS-3DS

Fig. 5

Examples of chromosome variations in F2 population Arrows in white show the chromosomes with structural variation. Arrows in yellow show A or B chromosomes with copy number variation. A: M145-4 with single copy of 1A; B: M157-3 with a copy of 3D that showed a different 3DS karyotype; C: M154-2 with a 2AS.2AL-6AL translocation; D: M149-7 with a 2AS.2AL-6AL translocation; E: M146-5 with a copy of 3DS.5DL translocation, a copy of 6DS.6DL- and 5DS-chromosome fragment respectively; F: M145-10 with a copy of 7D that showed a different 7DL karyotype; G: M145-5 with a copy of 5DS-chromosome fragment; H: M160-1 with a copy of 3DS.3DS isochromosome; I: M146-10 with a three copy of 3B chromosomes."

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