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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8): 1260-1269.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.81083

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Response of yield and associated physiological characteristics for different wheat cultivars to nitrogen stress at mid-late growth stage

LI Chao-Su1,WU Xiao-Li1,TANG Yong-Lu1,*(),LI Jun1,MA Xiao-Ling1,LI Shi-Zhao1,HUANG Ming-Bo2,LIU Miao1   

  1. 1 Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, China
    2 Guanghan Productivity Promotion Center, Guanghan 618300, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2018-11-20 Accepted:2019-04-15 Online:2019-08-12 Published:2019-07-16
  • Contact: Yong-Lu TANG E-mail:ttyycc88@163.com
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31571590);the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0300406);the Crops Breeding Project in Sichuan Province(2016NYZ0051)

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Abstract:

Soil nitrogen (N) deficiency at mid-late growth stage is one of the serious factors leading to lowered grain yield of wheat. The high yield potential of synthetic hexaploid wheat-derived cultivar (SDC) has been well documented, however, its responses to N deficiency at mid-late growth stage need further study. Six cultivars were grown under two fertilizer-N applied conditions over two consecutive growing seasons (2015-2017). The cultivars consisted of three typical SDC (Chuanmai 42, Chuanmai 104 and Mianmai 367) and three non-synthetic hexaploid wheat-derived cultivar (NSC; Mianmai 37, Chuannong 16, and Chuanmai 30). Two N treatments consisted of normal N application (Nn, 150 kg hm -2, basal fertilizer 40%, top dressing 60%) and N stress (Ns, 60 kg hm -2, basal fertilizer only), and grain yield and associated physiological traits of these wheat cultivars in response to N deficiency at mid-late growth stage were studied. It turned out that the mean yield reduction of SDC (19.6%) and NSC (20.4%) was close under N stress, while SDC showed 14.4% (Nn) and 15.9% (Ns) advantages on yield than NSC at both N treatments. Besides, the biomass and grain number per unit area of SDC were higher than those of NSC. At anthesis, SDC and NSC had roughly the same leaf area index (LAI) values, whereas the LAI decline in SDC was less than that in NSC at mid-late grain-filling stage. Compared with NSC, the LAI of SDC was 25.1% (Nn) and 16.0% (Ns) higher at 22 days after anthesis, respectively. The SPAD values of flag and penultimate leaves in SDC were always higher than those in NSC at both N treatments during grain filling period, and the gap between them was increased under N stress. The differences in net photosynthetic rate (NPR) and canopy photosynthetic rate (CAP) between the two types of wheat also mainly appeared at mid-late grain-filling stage, and SDC still had advantages compared with NSC under Ns. In addition, the nitrate N, ammonium N and soluble sugar content in flag and penultimate leaves in SDC were higher than those in NSC under N stress condition. At last, SDC had higher N utilization efficiency (NUtE) than NSC, which difference between SDC and NSC was further increased by N stress. Overall, the above results indicate that the productivity of SDC is stronger than that of NSC at low N condition, which might be related to the higher sink capacity and longer leaf function period in SDC.

Key words: synthetic hexaploid wheat-derived cultivar, nitrogen stress, grain yield, photosynthetic characteristics, nitrogen utilization efficiency

Fig. 1

Daily maximum and minimum temperature during wheat growing period (from November to May of the next year) "

Table 1

Information of wheat cultivars tested in the study"

类别
Type		 品种
Cultivar		 系谱
Pedigree		 审定年份
Year of release		 区试产量
YD? (kg hm-2)		 区试增产率
Increase rate of yield (%)
SDC 川麦42 Chuanmai 42 Syn 769/Chuanmai 30//Chuan 6415 2004 6130 16.4
川麦104 Chuanmai 104 Chuanmai 42/Chuannong 16 2012 6120 14.1
绵麦367 Mianmai 367 Mianmai 37/Chuanmai 43 2010 5690 14.0
NSC 绵麦37 Mianmai 37 96EW37/Mianyang 90-100 2004 5110 12.6
川农16 Chuannong 16 Chuanyu 12/7-429 2002 4819 13.0
川麦30 Chuanmai 30 77//YAA/ALD‘S’/3/YSZ//ST2022/983 1998 4481 8.58

Table 2

Yield, yield components and biomass of different wheat cultivars in response to nitrogen stress at mid-later growth stage"

年份
Year		 处理Treatment 品种
Cultivar		 产量
Yield
(kg hm-2)		 粒数
Grain number (×104 hm-2)		 千粒重
1000-kernel weight (g)		 生物产量
Biomass
(kg hm-2)		 收获指数
Harvest index
2016 Nn 川麦42 Chuanmai 42 9627 a 17851 a 48.3 a 18989 a 0.44 a
川麦104 Chuanmai 104 9263 a 17190 a 45.6 b 18296 ab 0.44 a
绵麦367 Mianmai 367 9556 a 18518 a 44.6 c 18702 a 0.45 a
绵麦37 Mianmai 37 7284 b 15203 a 45.8 b 14861 c 0.43 a
川农16 Chuannong 16 9119 a 16413 a 42.7 d 18937 a 0.42 a
川麦30 Chuanmai 30 7540 b 16397 a 40.4 e 15430 c 0.43 a
平均 Mean 8732 16929 44.6 17536 0.43
SDC 9482 17853* 46.2 18663 0.44**
NSC 7981 16004 43.0 16409 0.43
Ns 川麦42 Chuanmai 42 7696 a 12744 b 49.7 a 15493 a 0.43 ab
川麦104 Chuanmai 104 7335 a 12705 b 46.9 b 14973 ab 0.43 ab
绵麦367 Mianmai 367 7991 a 15275 a 48.5 ab 15527 a 0.45 a
绵麦37 Mianmai 37 6447 b 11231 b 48.1 b 13442 bc 0.42 bc
川农16 Chuannong 16 6509 b 11960 b 44.0 c 13170 bc 0.43 ab
川麦30 Chuanmai 30 5512 c 12303 b 40.8 d 12082 c 0.40 c
平均 Mean 6915 12703 46.3 14115 0.43
SDC 7674* 13575 48.4 15331** 0.44
NSC 6156 11831 44.3 12898 0.42
2017 Nn 川麦42 Chuanmai 42 8355 d 12893 c 59.7 a 18647 a 0.39 c
川麦104 Chuanmai 104 10332 a 16922 a 53.9 bc 18615 a 0.48 a
绵麦367 Mianmai 367 9815 b 15559 ab 56.0 b 18507 a 0.46 ab
绵麦37 Mianmai 37 8766 c 15218 ab 55.6 b 17188 b 0.44 b
川农16 Chuannong 16 8837 c 15346 ab 52.4 c 16426 b 0.47 ab
川麦30 Chuanmai 30 8297 d 14443 bc 53.8 bc 16222 b 0.45 b
平均 Mean 9067 15063 55.2 17601 0.46
SDC 9501 15125 56.5 18590* 0.45
NSC 8634 15002 54.0 16612 0.45
Ns 川麦42 Chuanmai 42 6352 bc 8735 b 60.4 a 14798 a 0.37 b
川麦104 Chuanmai 104 8213 a 11480 ab 56.8 abc 15350 a 0.46 a
绵麦367 Mianmai 367 8229 a 14154 a 53.3 c 15343 a 0.47 a
绵麦37 Mianmai 37 7397 abc 10912 ab 59.3 a 15170 a 0.42 ab
川农16 Chuannong 16 7643 ab 12346 ab 55.3 bc 15112 a 0.44 a
川麦30 Chuanmai 30 6232 c 9202 b 58.0 ab 14838 a 0.37 b
平均 Mean 7344 11138 57.2 15102 0.42
SDC 7598 11456 56.9 15164 0.43
NSC 7091 10820 57.5 15040 0.41

Fig. 2

Leaf area index (LAI) of SDC and NSC in response to nitrogen stress at mid-later growth stage (2017) Nn: Normal nitrogen application; Ns: Nitrogen stress treatment. The error bar is standard deviation. The data in the figure are the average values of three cultivars in the same category under the same nitrogen application level. Other abbreviations are the same as those given in Table 1."

Fig. 3

SPAD values of top three leaves for SDC and NSC in response to nitrogen stress at mid-later growth stage Nn: normal nitrogen application; Ns: nitrogen stress treatment. The data in the figure are the average values of three cultivars in the same category under the same nitrogen application level. Other abbreviations are the same as those given in Table 1."

Fig. 4

Net photosynthetic rate (NPR) of flag leaf for SDC and NSC in response to nitrogen stress at mid-later growth stage Abbreviations are the same as those given in Table 1 and Fig. 2. The error bar is standard deviation. The data in the figure are the average values of three cultivars in the same category under the same nitrogen application level."

Fig. 5

Canopy photosynthetic rate (CAP) of flag leaf for SDC and NSC in response to nitrogen stress at mid-later growth stage (2017) Abbreviations are the same as those given in Table 1 and Fig. 2. The error bar is standard deviation. The data in the figure are the average values of three cultivars in the same category under the same nitrogen application level."

Table 3

NO3--N, NH4+-N and soluble sugar content in flag leaf plus penultimate leaf of SDC and NSC in response to nitrogen stress at mid-later growth stage "

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 花后天数
Days after
anthesis (d)		 品种
Cultivar		 硝态氮含量
NO3--N content
(mg g-1 FW)		 铵态氮含量
NH4+-N content
(mg g-1 FW)		 可溶性糖含量
Soluble sugar content
(mg g-1 FW)
2016 Nn 0 SDC 0.25 0.27 29.6
NSC 0.30 0.21 42.4**
22 SDC 0.21 0.14 26.2
NSC 0.26 0.11 38.8**
Ns 0 SDC 0.37 0.19 45.3
NSC 0.32 0.13 32.7
22 SDC 0.31 0.10 41.4
NSC 0.26 0.11 30.4
年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 花后天数
Days after
anthesis (d)		 品种
Cultivar		 硝态氮含量
NO3--N content
(mg g-1 FW)		 铵态氮含量
NH4+-N content
(mg g-1 FW)		 可溶性糖含量
Soluble sugar content
(mg g-1 FW)
2017 Nn 0 SDC 0.08 0.12 30.6
NSC 0.09 0.11 31.9
22 SDC 0.10 0.18** 21.1
NSC 0.10 0.11 24.2
Ns 0 SDC 0.11* 0.10 38.5*
NSC 0.09 0.11 29.5
22 SDC 0.10 0.12 31.9
NSC 0.10 0.09 32.7

Fig. 6

Nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE) for SDC and NSC in response to nitrogen stress at mid-later growth stage Abbreviations are the same as those given in Table 1 and Fig. 2. The Error bar is standard deviation. The data in the figure are the average values of three cultivars in the same category under the same nitrogen application level."

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