不同品种小麦灌浆期旗叶光合特性及光合基因表达对臭氧浓度升高的响应

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.11065

Abstract

Abstract:

Elevated ground-level ozone (O₃) concentration, caused by anthropogenic activities, possesses species-specific or cultivars-specific impacts on plant growth and quality. In this study, a field experiment was conducted using two wheat (Tritcium aestivum L.) cultivars (Yannong 19 and Yangmai 16) with different sensitivities to O₃ with two O₃ levels (ambient, +50%) in the Chinese free air O₃ concentration enrichment platform. The light-response curve, photosynthetic pigment, soluble sugar contents, and photosynthetic gene expression levels were investigated. Results showed that O₃significantly decreased the apparent quantum yield, maximum net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid contents. However, the contents of total soluble sugar, glucose, fructose, and sucrose were significantly increased under elevated O₃ concentration. The qRT-PCR revealed that the relative gene expression levels of psaA, psbA, and rbcL were significantly decreased by elevated O₃ concentration. There were differences in photosynthetic characteristics between two wheat cultivars. Yannong 19 had larger changes in photosynthetic characteristics and the relative chloroplast gene expression levels of psaA, psbA, and rbcL than that of Yangmai 16. This finding can provide theoretical basis for the differential mechanism of photosynthetic response of different wheat varieties and the breeding of wheat tolerant varieties under ozone pollution environment.

Key words: ozone, wheat, photosynthetic responses, soluble sugar, chloroplast gene expression

CAO Ji-Ling, ZENG Qing, ZHU Jian-Guo. Responses of photosynthetic characteristics and gene expression in different wheat cultivars to elevated ozone concentration at grain filling stage[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(9): 2339-2350.

Figures/Tables 6

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引物名称 Primer name	正向引物 Forward sequence (5'-3')	反向引物 Reverse sequence (5'-3')
18S rRNA	GCCGAGAGTCGTGTGGATTA	GAACCTGCGGAAGGATCATT
psaA	TTTGGCGAGCATCTGGAATA	CCGCTAAGTGGTGATTCAACA
psbA	CAAGGTTAGCACGGTTGATGA	GCTGCTTGGCCTGTAGTAGGA
rbcL	GATACCGCGAGCACGATCTT	CGCGACAATGGCCTACTTCT

参数 Parameter	DOT (d)	烟农19 YN19		扬麦16 YM16
参数 Parameter	DOT (d)	对照Ambient	FACE-O₃	对照Ambient	FACE-O₃
最大净光合速率	55	27.6±0.52 aA	28.9±0.47 aA	28.1±1.26 aA	27.7±1.13 aA
Maximum net photosynthetic rate	65	29.4±0.78 aA	29.7±0.55 aA	30.8±0.93 aA	28.5±0.53 aA
(P_max, μmol m^-2 s^-1)	75	21.9±0.19 aB	10.1±0.15 cB	23.3±0.01 aB	17.3±0.68 bB
光饱和点	55	1983±79 aA	1867±100 aA	1864±66 aB	1850±81 aA
Light saturation point	65	2106±98 aA	2001±71 bA	2274±75 aA	2050±92 aA
(LSP, μmol m^-2 s^-1)	75	1565±105 bB	822±51 cB	1564±82 cB	1299±43 dB
光补偿点	55	52.0±2.3 aB	51.9±2.3 aB	37.3±1.3 bB	34.6±1.3 bB
Light compensation point	65	62.7±2.7 bA	68.0±2.3 abA	68.0±2.3 abA	80.0±4.6 aA
(LCP, μmol m^-2 s^-1)	75	31.0±0.6 abC	36.6±2.4 aC	25.3±1.3 bcC	21.7±1.2 cC
暗呼吸速率	55	2.39±0.18 aB	2.13±0.02 abB	1.69±0.10 bB	1.65±0.16 bB
Dark respiration rate	65	3.42±0.10 bA	3.79±0.24 abA	4.17±0.18 abA	4.42±0.20 aA
(R_d, μmol m^-2 s^-1)	75	1.50±0.16 aC	1.29±1.00 aC	1.31±0.16 aB	0.98±0.10 aB
表观量子效率	55	0.054±0.005 aA	0.052±0.004 aA	0.051±0.004 aA	0.056±0.005 aA
Apparent quantum yield	65	0.056±0.004 aA	0.061±0.004 aA	0.058±0.005 aA	0.056±0.002 aA
(AQY)	75	0.042±0.002 abB	0.028±0.005 cB	0.046±0.003 aB	0.034±0.004b cB

糖含量 Suger content	DOT	烟农19 YN19		扬麦16 YM16
糖含量 Suger content	DOT	对照 Ambient	FACE-O₃	对照 Ambient	FACE-O₃
总可溶性糖 Total soluble sugar (mg g^-1)	55 d	0.616±0.049 aA	0.705±0.058 aA	0.708±0.048 aA	0.726±0.060 aA
	65 d	0.511±0.073 aAB	0.522±0.107 aAB	0.551±0.045 aB	0.583±0.068 aB
	75 d	0.404±0.032 abB	0.441±0.022 aB	0.373±0.024 bC	0.432±0.022 abC
果糖 Fructose (mg g^-1)	55 d	0.040±0.001 aA	0.043±0.002 aA	0.044±0.002 aA	0.040±0.002 aA
	65 d	0.038±0.000 aA	0.036±0.001 abB	0.036±0.002 abB	0.033±0.001 bB
	75 d	0.030±0.002 bB	0.035±0.001 aB	0.030±0.000 bC	0.028±0.001 bC
蔗糖 Sucrose (mg g^-1)	55 d	0.585±0.053 aA	0.686±0.116 aA	0.606±0.025 aA	0.630±0.009 aA
	65 d	0.396±0.035 bB	0.411±0.035 abB	0.565±0.094 aA	0.464±0.006 abB
	75 d	0.177±0.034 bC	0.285±0.043 aB	0.150±0.028 bB	0.214±0.016 abC
葡萄糖 Glucose (mg g^-1)	55 d	0.020±0.008 aB	0.023±0.004 aB	0.020±0.004 aB	0.021±0.003 aC
	65 d	0.079±0.002 aA	0.078±0.002 aA	0.066±0.001 bA	0.051±0.002 cB
	75 d	0.069±0.002 abA	0.074±0.008 aA	0.060±0.004 bA	0.080±0.004 aA

Responses of photosynthetic characteristics and gene expression in different wheat cultivars to elevated ozone concentration at grain filling stage

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