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作物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 177-184.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.03011

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    

不同生育时期玉米洪涝胁迫遥感监测与评估

隋学艳1(), 梁守真1(), 张金盈2, 王猛1, 王勇1, 侯学会1, 张晓冬3,*()   

  1. 1山东省农业可持续发展研究所 / 农业农村部华东都市农业重点实验室, 山东济南 250100
    2山东省国土测绘院, 山东济南 250013
    3山东省农作物种质资源中心, 山东济南 250100
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-28 接受日期:2020-08-20 出版日期:2021-01-12 网络出版日期:2020-09-10
  • 通讯作者: 张晓冬
  • 作者简介:隋学艳, E-mail: sdnkysxy@163.com|梁守真, E-mail: szliang_cas@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(1-0504);农业农村部农业农村资源监测统计项目(061721301112422018)

Remote sensing monitoring on maize flood stress and yield evaluation at different stages

SUI Xue-Yan1(), LIANG Shou-Zhen1(), ZHANG Jin-Ying2, WANG Meng1, WANG Yong1, HOU Xue-Hui1, ZHANG Xiao-Dong3,*()   

  1. 1Shandong Institute of Agricultural Sustainable Development / Key Laboratory of East China Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Shandong Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
    2Shandong Provincial Institute of Land Surveying and Mapping, Jinan 250013, Shandong, China
    3Shandong Center of Crop Germplasm Resources, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
  • Received:2020-02-28 Accepted:2020-08-20 Published:2021-01-12 Published online:2020-09-10
  • Contact: ZHANG Xiao-Dong
  • Supported by:
    Agricultural Great Application Technology Innovative Projects of Shandong Province(1-0504);Agricultural and Rural Resources Monitoring and Statistics Projects of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(061721301112422018)

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摘要：

为建立玉米洪涝灾害遥感监测和评估技术, 本研究开展不同生育期不同程度的模拟试验, 持续活体监测叶片叶绿素、冠层光谱和覆盖度并测产。结果表明, 拔节期洪涝胁迫可显著降低叶绿素含量, 最大程度相对变化值达-56.30%, 吐丝期胁迫对叶绿素无影响, 灌浆期胁迫促使叶绿素下降但并不明显。洪涝胁迫能降低覆盖度, 拔节期影响最大, 胁迫严重的覆盖度仅46.33%, 吐丝期次之, 灌浆期较小。洪涝胁迫造成的减产, 生育前期影响比后期严重。拔节期和吐丝期各波段反射率与洪涝胁迫程度呈负相关关系, 近红外平台波段达到极显著水平, 绿峰波段次之, 达到显著水平。灌浆期各波段反射率与洪涝胁迫程度呈正相关关系, 相关性未达到显著水平。与胁迫程度呈极显著相关的光谱反射率和植被指数可以用于监测玉米洪涝灾害。最终基于胁迫之后与胁迫前的结构不敏感色素指数SIPI的差值DSIPI, 建立拔节期和吐丝期洪涝胁迫产量损失率评估模型。

关键词: 玉米, 涝灾, 遥感, 监测, 评估

Abstract:

In order to set up remote sensing monitoring and evaluation technology of maize flood stress and loss, a simulation experiment with different flood stress degrees was developed at different stages. Chlorophyll content, canopy spectral reflectance and coverage were monitored in vivo, and yield level was tested finally. The results showed that chlorophyll content decreased under flood stress at jointing and filling stages. The decreasing extend was significant at jointing stage and the value of maximal relative change reached -56.30%. There was little influence on chlorophyll at silking stage. Flood stress could reduce the coverage, especially at jointing stage, the most serious treatment was only 46.33%, followed by silking stage and filling stage. Flood stress reduced production at last, and the reduction was more serious in the early stage than in the later stage. There was a negative correlation between reflectance and flood stress degree at jointing stage and silking stage. It was extremely significantly difference at near infrared platform bands and significantly at green peak bands. There was no significant positive correlation between reflectance and flood stress degree at filling stage. Reflectance and spectral indexes with extremely significant correlation can be used to monitor flood. Two models with DSIPI were set up to evaluate flood loss at jointing and silking stage separately.

Key words: maize, flood stress, remote sensing, monitoring, evaluation

表1

试验设计"

生长时期
Growing stage		 处理
Treatment		 胁迫持续天数
Flooding period (d)		 开始时间
Starting time (month/day)		 结束时间
Ending time (month/day)
拔节期
Jointing stage		 E-9 9 7/31 8/9
E-7 7 7/31 8/7
E-5 5 7/31 8/5
E-3 3 7/31 8/3
E-1 1 7/31 8/1
E-0 0 (CK)
吐丝期
Silking stage		 M-9 9 8/8 8/17
M-7 7 8/8 8/15
M-5 5 8/8 8/13
M-3 3 8/8 8/11
M-1 1 8/8 8/9
M-0 0 (CK)
灌浆期
Filling stage		 L-9 9 8/23 9/1
L-7 7 8/23 8/30
L-5 5 8/23 8/28
L-3 3 8/23 8/26
L-1 1 8/23 8/24
L-0 0 (CK)

图1

洪涝胁迫前后玉米叶绿素含量 处理同表1。不同字母表示同期处理间在0.05水平差异显著。"

图2

洪涝胁迫对玉米覆盖度的影响 处理同表1。不同字母表示同期处理间在0.05水平差异显著。"

图3

拔节期洪涝胁迫各处理8月14日光谱反射率曲线"

图4

吐丝期洪涝胁迫各处理8月23日光谱反射率曲线"

图5

灌浆期洪涝胁迫各处理9月3日光谱反射率曲线"

图6

各时期洪涝胁迫后光谱反射率与胁迫天数的相关性"

表2

洪涝胁迫天数与光谱形状参数和植被指数的相关性"

名称
Parameters		 缩写
Abbreviation		 作者及年代
Author and year		 拔节期
Jointing stage		 吐丝期
Silking stage		 灌浆期
Filling stage
差值植被指数
Difference vegetation index		 DVI [867, 671] Richardso et al. (1977) [22] -0.9491** -0.8220* -0.3405
DVI [550, 464] -0.8906* -0.2548 -0.7216
DVI [550, 671] -0.9515** -0.6641 -0.6018
比值植被指数
Ratio vegetation index		 RVI [867, 671] -0.9274** -0.9373** 0.7446
归一化差值植被指数
Normalization difference
vegetation index		 NDVI [550, 671] Rouse et al. (1974) [23] 0.9635** 0.7552 -0.5113
NDVI [671, 867] -0.9432** -0.9481** 0.6828
红谷位置
Location of red valley		 λ0 Liu (2002) [24] -0.9660** -0.8396* 0.6613
红边峰值
Maximum value of the first
derivative at the red edge		 RFDMax -0.9614** -0.7990 -0.2701
吸收谷红谷深度
Depth of red absorption valley		 Depth [670] -0.9384** -0.7593 0.6003
反射峰绿峰深度
Depth of green peak		 P_Depth [540] -0.9378** -0.5346 0.5522
吸收谷红谷面积
Area of red absorption valley		 Area [670] -0.9378** -0.6942 0.6217
反射峰绿峰面积
Area of green reflectance peak		 P_Area [540] -0.9220** -0.5719 0.5028
红边位置
Red edge position		 λp -0.9194** -0.8586* 0.7817
红边宽度
Red edge width		 σ -0.7454 -0.7925 0.8302*
归一化反射峰绿峰深度
Normalized depth of green
reflectance peak		 P_ND [540] 0.5344 0.6719 0.7217
归一化吸收谷红谷深度
Normalized depth of red
absorption valley		 ND [670] 0.9020* 0.0476 -0.6463
抗大气植被指数
Visible atmospherically resistant index		 Vari700 Singh et al. (2002) [25] -0.9442** -0.8037 0.6074
VariGreen -0.9695** -0.8293* 0.5179
光化学反射指数
Photochemical reflectance index		 PRI [570, 531] Gamom et al. (1992) [26] -0.9546** -0.8661* 0.5112
最优土壤调节植被指数
Optimization of soil-adjusted
regulatory vegetation index		 OSAVI Rondeaux et al. (1996) [27] -0.9527** -0.8567* 0.2736
土壤调整植被指数
Soil-adjusted vegetation index		 SAVI Huete et al. (1988) [28] -0.9493** -0.8384* -0.1070
转化型叶绿素吸收反射指数
Tidal constituent and residual interpolation		 TCARI Haboudane et al. (2002) [29] -0.5457 -0.3166 -0.7241
叶绿素含量指数
Canopy chlorophyll inversion index		 CCII Haboudane et al. (2002) [29] 0.5441 0.6918 -0.7130
绿度指数
Green normalization difference vegetation index		 GreenNDVI Baret et al. (1991) [30] 0.8977* 0.8795* 0.8039
结构不敏感色素指数
Structure insensitive pigment index		 SIPI Penuelas et al. (1995) [31] 0.9514** 0.9564** -0.5422

表3

拔节期和吐丝期洪涝胁迫玉米产量损失率模型"

参数
Parameter		 参数计算公式
Parameter calculation
formula		 拔节期洪涝胁迫玉米产量损失率模型
Model of maize yield loss rate under flooding stress at jointing stage		 吐丝期洪涝胁迫玉米产量损失率模型
Model of maize yield loss rate under flooding stress at silking stage
DNDVI NDVIafter - NDVIbefore y = -86.051 x2 + 470.53 x + 9.5564
(-0.04 < x < 0.14, 0 < y < 75%)
R2 = 0.8969		 y = -2803.8 x2 - 586.71 x + 13.8
(-0.07 < x < 0.03, 0 < y < 45%)
R2 = 0.9337
DRVI RVIafter - RVIbefore y = -1163.9 x2 - 855.71 x + 9.8187
(-0.09 < x < 0.02, 0 < y < 75%)
R2 = 0.8951		 y = -9118.2 x2 + 1024.7 x + 13.888
(-0.02 < x < 0.05, 0 < y < 45%)
R2 = 0.9320
DSIPI SIPIafter - SIPIbefore y = -19600 x2 - 1985.3 x +15.814
(-0.06 < x < 0.01, 0 < y < 75%)
R2 = 0.9433		 y = -13599 x2 -814.11 x + 26.53
(-0.03 < x < 0.03, 0 < y < 45%)
R2 = 0.9697

图7

拔节期玉米洪涝胁迫产量损失评估DSIPI模型拟合图"

图8

吐丝期玉米洪涝胁迫产量损失评估DSIPI模型拟合图"

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