作物学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9): 1386-1397.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.94074
甄晓宇,杨坚群,栗鑫鑫,刘兆新,高芳,赵继浩,李颖,钱必长,李金融,杨东清(),李向东()
ZHEN Xiao-Yu,YANG Jian-Qun,LI Xin-Xin,LIU Zhao-Xin,GAO Fang,ZHAO Ji-Hao,LI Ying,QIAN Bi-Chang,LI Jin-Rong,YANG Dong-Qing(),LI Xiang-Dong()
摘要:
在春播、土壤水分适宜以及起垄覆膜种植模式条件下, 选用大花生品种山花108, 设置3、5、7、9、11、13和15 cm (SD3、SD5、SD7、SD9、SD11、SD13和SD15) 7种播种深度, 研究播种深度对花生生育进程、叶绿素含量、光合性能、干物质积累量、抗氧化酶活性及产量形成的影响。2年结果表明, 播种深度明显影响花生出苗时间, 与SD5处理相比, SD15处理的出苗期推迟5 d, 产量形成期缩短2.5 d。播深过浅(3 cm)或过深(>7 cm)显著降低了植株主茎高和侧枝长, 导致叶面积指数(LAI)显著降低; 且降低了产量形成期叶片叶绿素含量和光合速率, 导致植株干物质积累量显著降低。播种过深(>7 cm)显著降低了产量形成期叶片可溶性蛋白含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及过氧化物酶(POD)活性, 丙二醛(MDA)含量显著提高, 导致叶片膜脂过氧化加剧。各播深处理相比, SD5处理的荚果和籽仁产量较高, 主要是由于其单株结果数、单果重及出仁率的提高, 播种深度超过7 cm后, 减产显著。因而, 春花生适宜的播种深度应控制在5 cm。
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