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作物学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 858-868.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.91063

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

宁麦9号与扬麦158株高及其构成因素的遗传解析

姜朋,何漪,张旭,吴磊,张平平,马鸿翔()   

  1. 江苏省农业科学院 / 江苏省农业生物学重点实验室 / 江苏省现代作物生产协同创新中心, 江苏南京 210014
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-15 接受日期:2020-01-15 出版日期:2020-06-12 网络出版日期:2020-02-17
  • 通讯作者: 马鸿翔
  • 作者简介:E-mail: hmjp2005@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0100801);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-3);国家自然科学基金项目(31671690)

Genetic analysis of plant height and its components for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Ningmai 9 and Yangmai 158

JIANG Peng,HE Yi,ZHANG Xu,WU Lei,ZHANG Ping-Ping,MA Hong-Xiang()   

  1. Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Agrobiology / Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2019-10-15 Accepted:2020-01-15 Published:2020-06-12 Published online:2020-02-17
  • Contact: Hong-Xiang MA
  • Supported by:
    National Key Project for the Research and Development of China(2017YFD0100801);China Agriculture Research System(CARS-3);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31671690)

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摘要：

宁麦9号与扬麦158是我国长江中下游麦区的主栽品种和骨干亲本, 长江中下游麦区近3年来审定品种中80%都是其衍生后代, 研究其性状的遗传具重要意义。以宁麦9号与扬麦158为亲本构建的包含282个家系的重组自交系群体为材料, 利用Illumina 90k芯片对群体进行基因型分析, 建立高密度遗传图谱。连续3个生长季对株高及节间长度、穗长等株高构成因素进行测定, 结合遗传图谱对株高及相关性状进行QTL定位, 获得14个控制株高及其构成因素的稳定表达位点。通过进一步位置比对, 聚焦到6个染色体区段, 初步明确了各节间对株高的遗传调控机制。同时, 将6个染色体区段中同源性较低的连锁标记转化为适用于高通量筛选的KASP标记, 利用101份区域试验材料进行标记效应验证, 结果显示聚合Qph-2D与Qph-5A.1两个位点具有较高的选择效率, 继续聚合Q2A后, 中选材料显著减少, 可能降低选择效率; 对Q2A与Q5A两个一因多效位点的选择建议以降低株高的等位变异为主; Qd1-5D可作为穗下节间(D1)的选择标记对株高展开优化选择。期望以上结果能为长江中下游麦区的小麦株高遗传改良提供帮助。

关键词: 小麦, 宁麦9号, 扬麦158, 株高, KASP标记

Abstract:

Ningmai 9 and Yangmai 158 are the main wheat cultivars and core parents in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China. In the past three years, 80% of the released varieties in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River had the background of Ningmai 9 or Yangmai 158. To make better use of these two parents, the genetic mechanism of their traits need to be further clarified. A high-density genetic map was constructed by Illumina 90k chip using 282 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from the cross between Ningmai 9 and Yangmai 158. In this study, the traits including plant height, internode length, and spike length were determined in three consecutive growing seasons, and 14 stable QTLs were obtained by QTL mapping. By further position alignment, we focused on six chromosome intervals, which preliminarily revealed the genetic regulatory mechanism of the internode on plant height. KASP markers suitable for high-throughput analysis were developed based on the low-homology markers in the six chromosome intervals, and they were further validated in 101 wheat accessions. The polymerization of Qph-2D and Qph-5A.1 had high selection efficiency which might be decreased if further intruding Q2A. It suggests that the selection of Q2A and Q5A should mainly focus on the alleles reducing plant height, and Qd1-5D could be used in marker-assisted selection for internode length below spike (D1). The results in this study may provide assistance for wheat height genetic improvement in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

Key words: wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), Ningmai 9, Yangmai 158, plant height, KASP marker

图1

宁麦9号与扬麦158的田间表现"

图2

宁麦9号与扬麦158株高相关分子标记检测 a: 宁麦9号; b: 扬麦158; M: marker。"

表1

株高及其构成因素的表型统计"

性状
Trait		 环境
Environment		 宁麦9号
Ningmai 9
(cm)		 扬麦158
Yangmai 158
(cm)		 重组自交系群体 RIL population 遗传力
Heritability
最大值
Max
(cm)		 最小值
Min
(cm)		 平均值
Mean
(cm)		 标准差
SD		 变异系数
CV(%)
倒五节
D5		 2017 4.71 5.64 8.72 2.92 5.83 1.06 18.14 0.43
2018 4.39 5.66 10.15 3.49 5.84 1.06 18.17
2019 3.72 3.76 6.36 1.88 3.86 0.87 22.58
倒四节
D4		 2017 7.38 8.05 12.59 5.58 8.16 1.04 12.79 0.51
2018 6.89 7.76 12.75 5.50 8.47 1.01 11.96
2019 5.28 6.78 10.63 4.93 7.04 0.92 13.10
倒三节
D3		 2017 8.43 10.08 15.84 8.50 11.28 1.31 11.62 0.61
2018 11.56 13.80 18.87 9.09 13.05 1.56 11.92
2019 9.11 11.16 15.73 7.61 11.17 1.30 11.63
倒二节
D2		 2017 15.65 19.24 25.58 12.33 19.62 1.91 9.74 0.76
2018 18.66 20.63 27.27 16.83 22.17 1.88 8.47
2019 17.40 21.34 26.21 15.66 21.11 1.82 8.60
倒一节
D1		 2017 26.28 28.99 38.16 20.04 29.40 2.97 10.11 0.83
2018 29.83 32.31 42.63 23.87 32.43 2.82 8.70
2019 27.53 31.26 41.41 23.02 32.07 3.05 9.50
穗长
Spike length		 2017 9.85 10.43 12.37 6.50 9.49 0.89 9.40 0.72
2018 8.14 9.11 10.78 5.97 8.73 0.88 10.03
2019 7.31 8.21 10.33 5.44 7.82 0.87 11.13
株高
Plant height		 2017 72.29 82.43 101.93 59.54 83.84 6.45 7.69 0.78
2018 79.48 89.26 108.17 72.53 90.78 6.20 6.83
2019 70.35 82.51 102.62 64.25 83.07 6.11 7.36

表2

株高及其构成因素的方差分析(F值) "

项目
Item		 倒五节
D5		 倒四节
D4		 倒三节
D3		 倒二节
D2		 倒一节
D1		 穗长
Spike length		 株高
Plant height
基因型 Genotype 4.15** 7.08** 8.37** 18.23** 17.98 ** 13.91** 40.51**
环境 Environment 1009.08** 719.59** 783.47** 1205.13** 693.65** 1859.74** 2491.39**
基因型×环境 Genotype×Environment 2.35** 3.45** 3.25** 4.30** 3.06** 3.87** 8.81**

表3

株高及其构成因素的相关分析"

性状
Trait		 环境
Environment		 倒五节D5 倒四节D4 倒三节D3 倒二节D2 倒一节D1 穗长
Spike length		 株高
Plant height
倒五节
D5		 2017 (0.266**)
2018 (0.294**)
2019 (0.049)
倒四节
D4		 2017 0.632** (0.370**)
2018 0.551** (0.400**)
2019 0.714** (0.070)
倒三节
D3		 2017 0.546** 0.631** (0.347**)
2018 0.466** 0.697** (0.500**)
2019 0.531** 0.803** (0.268**)
倒二节
D2		 2017 0.388** 0.510** 0.637** (0.506**)
2018 0.285** 0.487** 0.549** (0.639**)
2019 0.219** 0.452** 0.570** (0.459**)
倒一节
D1		 2017 0.242** 0.277** 0.309** 0.471** (0.616**)
2018 0.163** 0.320** 0.184** 0.524** (0.733**)
2019 0.057 0.190** 0.198** 0.618** (0.512**)
穗长
Spike length		 2017 0.026 0.055 0.059 0.169** 0.157** (0.467**)
2018 -0.058 -0.042 -0.171** 0.105 0.187** (0.524**)
2019 0.222** 0.125* -0.015 0.067 0.118* (0.326**)
株高
Plant height		 2017 0.610** 0.683** 0.737** 0.815** 0.771** 0.287** (0.533**)
2018 0.531** 0.719** 0.670** 0.821** 0.765** 0.199** (0.689**)
2019 0.490** 0.673** 0.678** 0.840** 0.784** 0.267** (0.456**)

表4

株高及其构成因素的QTL定位"

序号
No.		 QTL 遗传位置
Genetic position		 区间
Interval		 2017 2018 2019
LOD 表型贡献率
PVE (%)		 加性效应
AEa		 LOD 表型贡献率
PVE (%)		 加性效应
AE		 LOD 表型贡献率
PVE (%)		 加性效应
AE
1 Qd5-5A 52.35?55.75 wsnp_Ex_rep_c104539_89224552-RFL_Contig4162_1285 5.90 8.89 0.31 3.11 4.69 0.24
2 Qd4-5A 52.35?56.55 wsnp_Ex_rep_c104539_89224552-RAC875_c103967_76 4.22 7.66 0.26 4.40 2.73 0.24
3 Qd3-5A 52.45?59.75 wsnp_Ex_c49211_53875575-BS00000365_51 6.90 7.89 0.39 4.23 5.18 0.38 4.73 5.25 0.32
4 Qd2-2A 109.15?112.05 Tdurum_contig61938_424-wsnp_Ex_c3695_6740339 3.97 5.93 ?0.46 3.34 4.26 ?0.39
5 Qd2-5A 55.85?59.25 BS00096758_51-BS00098207_51 6.58 9.97 0.58 7.50 10.18 0.60
6 Qd2-7A 49.55?51.95 RAC875_c16624_970-wsnp_Ex_c14009_21899923 4.10 6.13 ?0.48 8.13 11.05 ?0.62 5.30 6.13 ?0.49
7 Qd1-2A 109.35?110.25 Tdurum_contig61938_424-IAAV880 4.74 6.53 ?0.79 3.65 5.51 ?0.63 6.22 9.29 ?0.89
8 Qd1-5A 56.95?58.55 RAC875_c103967_76-BS00098207_51 3.46 5.20 0.60 3.51 5.38 0.66
9 Qd1-5D 9.35?13.85 Kukri_c14878_97-Kukri_c7786_81 3.57 4.87 0.67 3.92 5.90 0.64 2.96 4.30 0.59
10 Qph-2A 109.35?110.55 Tdurum_contig61938_424-IAAV880 4.65 5.79 ?1.56 3.03 3.45 ?1.26
11 Qph-2D 15.55?29.65 BS00022211_51-RAC875_c173_905 3.16 3.99 ?1.25 4.48 4.88 ?1.45
12 Qph-5A.1 18.85?26.55 wsnp_Ex_c12440_19836844-Ex_c6161_335 3.07 3.76 1.21 2.99 2.84 1.08
13 Qph-5A.2 52.65?59.75 wsnp_Ex_c49211_53875575-BS00000365_51 6.49 8.24 1.79 7.34 9.53 2.03 6.35 6.38 1.67
14 Qph-7A 43.45?52.05 Ex_c6196_971-wsnp_Ex_c14009_21899923 7.09 8.94 ?2.02 5.45 5.57 ?1.62

图3

株高及其构成因素的QTL定位 图中数字与表4中QTL的序号一致。"

表5

株高及其构成因素的KASP标记序列"

标记 Marker QTL SNP F1 F2 R
IAAV880 Q2A T/C ccAgaacgcagtggagagtT ccAgaacgcagtggagagtC tgcagacgggagcttagG
IACX9152 Qph-2D T/C aacagagtctcaGtctctccA aacagagtctcaGtctctccG gcctgtCattctcttttcctAtCtT
BobWhite_c1796_701 Qph-5A.1 T/G ggccccggatccaaaatcT ggccccggatccaaaatcG acggagcaaagtggtcttgt
BS00098207_51 Q5A T/C ccaagcttcccgtgacaT ccaagcttcccgtgacaC gccatgatgttTCtgaacttctcT
Kukri_c7786_81 Qd1-5D T/C catcaccttgtatccttcctcA catcaccttgtatccttcctcG ggttctttgttttgagaagagagG
wsnp_JD_c6050_7214383 Q7A A/G GtCgttccacctaacagtacT GtCgttccacctaacagtacC gCtgaatcagaagaatgcacagA

图4

株高及其构成因素的KASP标记开发 A表示宁麦9号等位变异类型, B表示扬麦158等位变异类型。"

表6

区域试验材料中不同等位变异的t-检测"

Q2A Qph-2D Qph-5A.1 Q5A Qd1-5D Q7A
宁麦9号等位变异Ningmai 9 allele (cm) 87.82 (79) 87.08 (53) 88.53 (57) 86.44 (9) 87.75 (40) 86.50 (2)
扬麦158等位变异Yangmai 158 allele (cm) 88.41 (22) 88.92 (48) 87.20 (44) 88.10 (92) 88.08 (61) 87.98 (99)
差值 Difference (cm) 0.59 1.84 1.32 1.65 0.33 1.48
t值 t-value -0.54 2.08 1.47 -1.05 0.36 0.46
P值 P-value 0.59 0.04* 0.15 0.30 0.72 0.65

表7

QTL聚合的效应分析"

Qph-2D+Qph-5A.1 Qph-2D+Qph-5A.1+Q2A
株高+ Plant height+ (cm) 89.64 (22) 95.50 (2)
株高? Plant height? (cm) 85.61 (18) 84.85 (14)
差值 Difference (cm) 4.03 10.65
t值 t-value 2.45 2.21
P值 P-value 0.02* 0.04*
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