室外盆栽条件下盐胁迫对甜高粱光系统II活性的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.02085

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 室外盆栽条件下, 设置2个NaCl浓度(100 mmol L^–1和200 mmol L^–1), 调查盐胁迫对甜高粱光合特性和光系统II (PSII)活性的影响。结果表明，叶片Na⁺离子含量与Na⁺/K⁺比随盐浓度增加和处理时间延长而增加。净光合速率(P_n)、光系统II开放反应中心天线转化效率(F_v¢/F_m¢)、光化学猝灭系数(q_P)和光系统II实际光化学效率(Φ_PSII)随盐浓度的增加而降低，非光化学猝灭(NPQ)随盐浓度增加而增加；100 mmol L^–1处理组的P_n、F_v¢/F_m¢、q_P和Φ_PSII随处理时间延长有所恢复，但200 mmol L^–1处理组无此现象。光系统II (PSII)最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)在100 mmol L^–1 NaCl处理时影响较小，但在200 mmol L^–1 NaCl处理时明显下降。短期盐胁迫未影响荧光诱导动力学曲线，而200 mmol L^–1 NaCl处理5 d后荧光诱导动力学曲线O-K和O-J相上升。进一步研究证明，PSII的失活速率在两个盐浓度下均无明显变化，而修复速率在200 mmol L^–1盐浓度处理5 d后降低明显。因此，认为室外盆栽条件下盐胁迫造成甜高粱碳同化能力降低并改变PSII激发能分配；叶片Na⁺离子含量的大幅增加会导致PSII活性下降及光抑制，这与PSII失活速率无关，主要是失活PSII修复速率受抑制的结果。这对理解户外盐胁迫条件下C₄作物的光抑制机制具有一定意义。

关键词: 盐胁迫, 光合特性, 光系统II, 甜高粱

Abstract: The effects of the different NaCl concentration treatments (100 mmol L^–¹, 200 mmol L^–¹) on photosynthetic characteristics and the photosystem II (PSII) activity in sweet sorghum seedlings grown in pots outdoors were carefully investigated in this study. The Na⁺ content and the ratio of Na⁺/K⁺ in leaves increased significantly with increases of NaCl concentration and treatment time. The net photosynthetic rate (P_n), the efficiency of excitation energy captured by open PSII reaction centers (F_v¢/F_m¢), the photochemical quenching (q_P) and the actual photosystem II efficiency (Φ_PSII) all decreased while the non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) increased greatly with the increasing of NaCl concentration. In addition, P_n, F_v¢/F_m¢, q_P and Φ_PSII had an ameliorative trend in the 100 mmol L^–¹ NaCl treatment, but this phenomenon did not appear in 200 mmol L^–¹ NaCl treatment. The maximum quantum yield of photosystem II photochemistry (F_v/F_m) was slightly affected in 100 mmol L^–¹ NaCl treatment, whereas distinct decreased in 200 mmol L^–¹ NaCl treatment. The chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic curves exhibited no changes at the beginning of NaCl treatment, while the rising speeds of O-K and O-J phases increased markedly in the 200 mmol L^–¹ NaCl treatment after five days. Furthermore, the photoinactivation rate of PSII did not change in both treatments while the repair rate was depressed significantly after five days treatment of 200 mmol L^–¹ NaCl. Therefore, we suggest that under salt stress the decrease of carbon assimilation capability in leaves of sweet sorghum seedlings grown in pots outdoors is mainly due to the accumulation of Na⁺, and salt stress alters the excited energy distribution. During salt stress outdoors, the decline of PSII activity is majorly attributed to the depression of the repair rate of the photoinactivated PSII, rather than the photoinactivation rate under high light. It is helpful to understand the mechanisms of photoinhibition in C4 crop outdoors under salt stress to some extent.

Key words: Salt stress, Photosynthetic characteristics, Photosystem II, Sweet sorghum

王彩娟, 李志强, 王晓琳, 姜闯道, 唐宇丹, 谷卫彬, 石雷. 室外盆栽条件下盐胁迫对甜高粱光系统II活性的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2011, 37(11): 2085-2093.

WANG Cai-Juan, LI Zhi-Jiang, WANG Xiao-Lin, JIANG Chen-Dao, TANG Yu-Dan, GU Wei-Ban, DAN Lei. Effects of Salt Stress on Photosystem II Activity in Sweet Sorghum Seedlings Grown in Pots Outdoors[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2011, 37(11): 2085-2093.

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