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作物学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (03): 361-367.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.00361

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

携带抗白粉病基因Pm21的小麦–簇毛麦小片段易位染色体在不同小麦背景中的传递率及遗传稳定性

王海燕,肖进,袁春霞,徐涛,于春艳,孙昊杰,陈佩度,王秀娥*   

  1. 南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室 / 细胞遗传研究所 / 江苏省现代作物生产协同创新中心, 江苏南京 210095
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-18 修回日期:2015-11-20 出版日期:2016-03-12 网络出版日期:2015-12-18
  • 通讯作者: 王秀娥, E-mail: xiuew@njau.edu.cn, Tel: 025-84395308
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2011AA100101-03, 2011AA10010201)，国家自然科学基金项目(31201204)，中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(KYZ201403)和江苏省优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)资助。

Transmission and Genetic Stability of No-homoeologous Small Fragment Wheat–Haynaldia villosa Translocation Chromosomes with Pm21 in Various Cultivar Backgrounds of Common Wheat

WANG Hai-Yan,XIAO Jin,YUAN Chun-Xia,XU Tao,YU Chun-Yan,SUN Hao-Jie,CHEN Pei-Du, WANG Xiu-E*   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement / Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University / Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing 210095, China
  • Received:2015-12-18 Revised:2015-11-20 Published:2016-03-12 Published online:2015-12-18
  • Contact: 王秀娥, E-mail: xiuew@njau.edu.cn, Tel: 025-84395308
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the National High Technology Research Program (‘863’ Program) of China (2011AA100101, 2011AA10010201), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31201204), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (KYZ201403) and the Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD).

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摘要：

抗白粉病基因Pm21来自小麦近缘种簇毛麦。小麦–簇毛麦小片段顶端易位系NAU418 (T1AS•1AL-6VS)和小片段中间插入易位系NAU419 (T4BS•4BL-6VS-4BL)携带Pm21，高抗白粉病，是小麦抗病育种新种质。为了对其育种利用提供依据，以NAU418和NAU419为亲本分别与来源于不同生态区的郑麦9023等12个小麦品种杂交，杂种F1再分别与来源于不同生态区的农艺亲本进行正、反回交，研究两种易位染色体在不同小麦背景中的遗传稳定性及其通过雌雄配子的传递规律。DNA分子原位杂交结果表明，在杂种F1花粉母细胞减数分裂中期I (Pollen Mother Cell, PMC MI)，两种易位染色体分别可以与对应的小麦染色体配对形成棒状二价体。正、反交结果分析表明，NAU418中的小片段顶端易位染色体T1AS•1AL-6VS通过雌配子和雄配子的传递率分别为8.00%~50.98%和7.89%~45.07%，NAU419中的小片段中间插入易位染色体T4BS•4BL-6VS-4BL通过雌配子和雄配子的传递率分别为29.17%~52.38%和7.69%~47.06%。表明2个易位系中的易位染色体都可以通过雌、雄配子传递，但是其通过雄配子的传递率均显著低于通过雌配子的传递率。

关键词: 小麦, 簇毛麦, 白粉病, 小片段易位, 配子传递率

Abstract:

The powdery mildew resistance gene Pm21 comes from a diploid wheat related species, Haynaldia villosa. Two Pm21-carrying small fragment translocation lines, the terminal translocation line NAU418 and the small interstitial translocation line NAU419, have been developed. Both lines are highly resistant to powdery mildew and serve as new genetic resources for improvement of disease resistance. For understanding the transmission rate of the translocation chromosomes through male and female gametes and the genetic stabilities in different wheat genetic backgrounds, the two translocations were crossed to 12 common wheat varieties from different wheat growing areas of China. The F1 hybrids were then backcrossed as reciprocally. Chromosome configurations of the obtained F1s were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) ofthePMC at MI. It was found that the translocation chromosomes formed rod bivalents with their corresponding wheat chromosomes. Test crosses showed that the translocation chromosomes T1AS•1AL-6VS and T4BS•4BL-6VS-4BL could be transmitted to their offspring. The transmission frequency of T1AS 1AL-6VS was higher through female gametes an average of 33.20%, ranging from 0.08% to 50.98% than through male gametes an average of 23.75%, ranging from 0.14% to 45.07%. Similarly, the transmission frequency of T4BS 4BL-6VS-4BL was higher through female gametes an average of 42.90%, ranging from 29.17% to 52.38% than through male gametes an average of 21.45%, ranging from 7.69% to 47.06%. These results show that the translocated chromosomes could be transmitted through male and female gametes, while genetic background has influences on the transmission rate, especially through male gametes.

Key words: Wheat, Haynaldia villosa, Powdery mildew, Small fragment translocation, Gamete transmission frequency

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