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作物学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (01): 149-154.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.00149

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    

水分亏缺对小麦灌浆中后期穗部光合特性和14C-同化物转运的影响

米慧聪1,谢双泽2,李跃1,丁寒2,吕金印1,*   

  1. 1西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌 712100;2西北农林科技大学理学院,陕西杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2016-04-08 修回日期:2016-09-18 出版日期:2017-01-12 网络出版日期:2016-09-20
  • 通讯作者: 吕金印,E-mail: jinyinlu@163.com, Tel: 13572196187
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31271624)资助。

Photosynthetic Characteristics and 14C-Assimilate Translocation in Wheat Spike during Mid- to Late-filling Stage under Water Deficit

MI Hui-Cong1,XIE Shuang-Ze2,LI Yue1,DING Han2,LYU Jin-Yin1,*   

  1. 1 College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; 2 College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
  • Received:2016-04-08 Revised:2016-09-18 Published:2017-01-12 Published online:2016-09-20
  • Contact: 吕金印,E-mail: jinyinlu@163.com, Tel: 13572196187
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271624).

摘要:

为探讨水分亏缺对小麦灌浆中后期穗部同化物转运的影响,利用14CO2同位素示踪技术,对于2个抗旱性不同小麦品种的盆栽试验,测定中度水分亏缺下小麦穗部光合特性及灌浆中后期碳同化物的转运。表明,花后20 d,中度水分亏缺下水地品种郑引1号旗叶和穗部净光合速率(Pn)分别下降50.2%19.9%,旱地品种普冰143分别下降33.7%12.8%,后者显著小于前者。14CO2示踪试验表明,花后15~20 d籽粒中14C-同化物快速积累,花后25 d达到最高值;灌浆中后期(花后15~20 d)穗部苞片中14C-同化物向外快速转运,灌浆末期(25 d)碳同化物已彻底转移。成熟期,中度水分亏缺下小麦籽粒中14C-同化物积累高于正常供水处理,且旱地品种普冰143积累量高于水地品种郑引1号。中度水分亏缺下,郑引1号产量下降36.7%,高于普冰14323.2%。适度水分亏缺对旱地品种穗部净光合影响较小,并促进了灌浆中后期穗部苞片中碳同化物的向外转运,可能是维持旱作小麦稳产的生理基础。

关键词: 小麦, 水分亏缺, 碳同化物转运, 14C-标记

Abstract:

The objective of this study was to understand the effect of water deficit onphotosynthetic and assimilate translocation in wheat spike during mid- to late-filling stage by using two pot-cultured14C-labelled varieties differing in drought tolerance. Under moderate water deficit, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of flag leaf and spike at 20 days after anthesis (DAA) decreased by 50.2% and 19.9% in Zhengyin 1 (drought sensitive) and by 33.7% and 12.8% in Pubing 143 (drought tolerance), respectively. Obviously, the decrease of photosynthetic capacity greater in the drought-sensitive variety than in the drought-resistant variety in response to water stress. The 14C-assimilates accumulated rapidly in grains during 15–20 DAA and reached the peak at 25 DAA. Simultaneously, the 14C-assimilates in glume, lemma, and awn had a quick outward transportation during 15–20 DAA, and completely transferred to grains at 25 DAA. Compared with normal water condition, moderate water deficit resulted in significantly higher 14C-assimilates in grains at maturity. The 14C-assimilate accumulation in Pubing 143 was significantly higher than that in Zhengyin 1, and the yield loss caused by drought stress was 23.2% in Pubing 143 and 36.7% in Zhengyin 1. Compared with drought-sensitive variety, drought-tolerant variety received less influence of moderate water deficit on spike Pn and stronger assimilate translocation from spike bracts to grain. This might be the physiological basis of stable yield in drought-resistant wheat variety.

Key words: Wheat, Water deficit, Assimilates translocation, 14C-labelling

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