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作物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11): 2683-2690.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.21017

所属专题： 小麦：遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 •    下一篇

矮败小麦技术体系在黄淮冬麦区南片抗赤霉病育种中的应用

周阳1,*(), 张宏军1, 王晨阳2, 李洪杰1, 买春艳3, 杨丽1, 刘宏伟1, 于立强4, 于广军4, 刘秉华1   

  1. 1中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 / 作物分子育种国家工程实验室, 北京100081
    2河南农业大学 / 国家小麦工程技术研究中心, 河南郑州450002
    3新乡矮败小麦育种技术创新中心, 河南新乡453700
    4石家庄市农林科学研究院赵县实验基地, 河北赵县051530
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-27 接受日期:2022-04-30 出版日期:2022-11-12 网络出版日期:2022-05-07
  • 通讯作者: 周阳
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0101802);中国农业科学院创新工程项目资助。

Application of dwarf-male-sterile wheat in breeding program for Fusarium head blight resistance in Southern Yellow-Huai Rivers Valley Winter Wheat Region

ZHOU Yang1,*(), ZHANG Hong-Jun1, WANG Chen-Yang2, LI Hong-Jie1, MAI Chun-Yan3, YANG Li1, LIU Hong-Wei1, YU Li-Qiang4, YU Guang-Jun4, LIU Bing-Hua1   

  1. 1Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / National Engineering Research Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Beijing 100081, China
    2Henan Agricultural University / National Wheat Engineering Research Center, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
    3Xinxiang Innovation Center for Breeding Technology of Dwarf-Male-Sterile Wheat, Xinxiang 453731, Henan, China
    4Zhaoxian Experiment Station, Shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Zhaoxian 051530, Hebei, China
  • Received:2022-01-27 Accepted:2022-04-30 Published:2022-11-12 Published online:2022-05-07
  • Contact: ZHOU Yang
  • Supported by:
    The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0101802);The Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

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摘要：

矮败小麦是一个便利的杂交育种工具材料。我们在育种实践中不断对矮败小麦技术体系进行改进, 改进后的矮败小麦技术体系包括创制矮败小麦骨干亲本、围绕骨干亲本构建大规模有限回交育种群体、分子标记辅助选择、单倍体育种应用和异地加代技术几项主要内容。利用该技术体系, 以黄淮冬麦区高产抗赤霉病为主要育种目标进行了育种实践, 成功将抗赤霉病基因Fhb1快速导入黄淮冬麦区小麦品种遗传背景, 比常规育种方法提前2~3年育成了高产、中抗赤霉病、适宜黄淮冬麦区种植的小麦新品系, 显著提高了高产抗赤霉病育种效率。

关键词: 矮败小麦, 抗赤霉病育种, Fhb1, 分子标记

Abstract:

The dwarf-male-sterile (DMS) wheat has been used as a convenient cross breeding tool. We have upgraded DMS wheat breeding system, which included as follows: (1) development of a series of DMS wheat parental near-isogenic lines by backcrossing the DMS wheat with elite wheat parental varieties; (2) establishment of a large-scale backcrossing population by crossing the DMS wheat parental near-isogenic lines to the cultivars (lines) with the traits of interests in the breeding program; (3) application of marker-assisted selection for the major target genes; (4) induction of DMS double-haploid (DH) lines using maize pollen pollination; and (5) approach of shuttle breeding for off-season traits evaluation. By applying this system, we successfully introduced the Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance gene Fhb1 into the genetic background of elite wheat varieties in Yellow-Huai River Valley Winter Wheat Region of China. A number of high-yielding and FHB resistance wheat lines were developed with 2-3 years in advance comparing with conventional breeding method. This method significantly increased the breeding efficiency and has a great potential for wheat breeding program.

Key words: dwarf-male-sterile wheat, Fusarium head blight, Fhb1, molecular breeding

图1

矮败小麦在黄淮冬麦区南片抗赤霉病育种中应用的技术体系 DMS: 矮败小麦; NIL: 近等基因系; FHB: 赤霉病。"

表1

2个(轮选136和轮选13)背景下Fhb1不同基因型间主要农艺性状比较"

年份
Year		 基因型
Genotype		 株高
Plant
height (cm)		 单株穗数
Spike number
per plant		 穗长
Spike length (cm)		 每穗小穗数
Spikelet number
per spike		 不育小穗数
Sterile spikelet
per spike		 单穗粒重
Kernel weight per spike (g)		 每穗粒数
Kernel number
per spike		 千粒重
1000-kernel weight (g)
2017 轮选136背景Lunxuan 136 background
Fhb1-H 77.2 a 24.1 a 10.6 a 22.1 a 1.5 a 2.8a 49.1 a 56.9 a
Fhb1-S 75.3 b 24.1 a 10.7 a 22.3 a 1.5 a 2.8 a 50.1 a 56.7 a
轮选13背景Lunxuan 13 background
Fhb1-H 76.5 a 22.9 a 9.7 a 22.8 a 1.4 a 2.9 a 55.0 a 53.3 a
Fhb1-S 77.2 a 22.6 a 9.8 a 23.1 b 1.4 a 2.9 a 54.8 a 53.0 a
2018 轮选136背景 Lunxuan 136 background
Fhb1-H 63.4 b 9.7 a 7.8 a 19.3 a 1.3 a 2.1 a 40.5 a 40.5 a
Fhb1-R 63.7 ab 9.4 ab 7.7 a 19.4 a 1.3 a 2.0 a 39.3 a 39.3 a
Fhb1-S 64.4 a 9.2 b 7.8 a 19.6 a 1.2 a 2.1 a 40.0 a 40.0 a
轮选13背景 Lunxuan 13 background
Fhb1-H 62.4 a 9.0 a 7.5 a 20.3 a 1.0 a 2.2 a 46.6 a 46.6 a
Fhb1-R 62.9 a 9.2 a 7.5 a 20.4 a 1.0 a 2.2 a 47.4 a 46.3 a
Fhb1-S 62.4 a 9.1 a 7.5 a 20.5 a 1.0 a 2.2 a 47.6 a 46.9 a
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