超高产栽培迟熟中粳稻养分吸收特点的研究

作物学报 ›› 2007, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (02): 208-215.

超高产栽培迟熟中粳稻养分吸收特点的研究

杜永¹;刘辉¹;杨成²;王志琴¹;杨建昌^1,*

1扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室，江苏扬州225009；2江苏省东海农场，江苏连云港222312

收稿日期:2006-04-21 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2007-02-12 网络出版日期:2007-02-12
通讯作者: 杨建昌

Characteristics of Nutrient Absorption in Super-High-Yielding Mid-Season and Late-Maturity Japonica Rice

DU Yong¹,LIU Hui¹,YANG Cheng²,WANG Zhi-Qin¹,YANG Jian-Chang^1*

1Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu; 2Donghai Farm of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang 222312, Jiangsu, China

Received:2006-04-21 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2007-02-12 Published online:2007-02-12
Contact: YANG Jian-Chang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以迟熟中粳稻淮稻68和镇稻88为材料，进行超高产栽培（产量> 11 t hm^-2），以一般高产栽培为对照，观察了氮（N）、磷（P）和钾（K）吸收和累积特点。与对照（产量>7.5 t hm^-2）相比，超高产栽培水稻在有效分蘖临界叶龄期前Ｎ的吸收量较低，拔节后的吸氮量较高；磷的吸收量在各生育期均高于对照，中后期尤为明显；K的吸收量在有效分蘖临界叶龄期以前，超高产稻与对照差异很小，自拔节起，前者明显高于后者。超高产栽培稻田N的输入输出基本平衡，普通高产栽培稻田表现为N盈余。在两种栽培条件下P与K均表现为表观亏缺，超高产栽培尤为严重。每生产1 000 kg稻谷所吸收的N、P、K，超高产中粳稻分别为21.6~21.9 kg、6.7~7.2 kg和24.8~25.6 kg，对照为23.8~24.3 kg、6.8~7.3 kg和27.4~29.0 kg。上述结果说明，超高产栽培中粳稻对养分吸收具有生育前期较低、中后期较高的特点，并具较高的产谷效率。对超高产栽培中粳稻养分吸收特点和养分优化管理进行了讨论。

关键词: 水稻, 超高产, 养分, 吸收, 管理

Abstract:

Rice is one of the most important food crops in China. Elucidation of nutrient requirement and absorption has great significance in the realization of high-yielding, good quality and high efficiency in rice. The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of nutrient absorption in super-high-yielding cultivation (SHYC, grain yield >11 t ha^-1) and in high-yielding cultivation as the control (grain yield > 7.5 t ha^-1) using two mid-season and late-maturity japonica rice cultivars, Huaidao 68 and Zhendao 88. The absorption and accumulation of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in the plants were analyzed. The results showed that plants in SHYC absorbed and accumulated less N before the critical stage of productive tillers and more N after the jointing stage, when compared with the those in control. The amount of P absorbed in SHYC was more than that in the control at each growth stage, especially at later growth stages. There was no significant difference in K absorption and accumulation between the SHYC and the control before the critical stage of productive tillers, whereas the plants in SHYC absorbed more K than in the control from jointing to maturity. Input of N balanced the output in SHYC, but the control showed more input than output in N. There were more outputs than inputs in P and K for both SHYC and high-yielding cultivation, especially the former. The amount absorbed of N, P, K for the production of 1 000 kg grains was 21.6–21.9 kg, 6.7–7.2 kg, and 24.8–25.6 kg, respectively in SHYC, and 23.8–24.3 kg, 6.8–7.3 kg, and 27.4–29.0 kg, respectively, in the control. The results indicated that the mid-season japonica rice with SHYC absorbed nutrients less at early growth stages whereas more during the later growth period, and increased the internal nutrient efficiency. The characteristics of nutrient absorption and optimized nutrient management for mid-season japonica rice with SHYC were discussed.

Key words: Rice, Super-high-yielding, Nutrient, Absorption, Management

杜永;刘辉;杨成;王志琴;杨建昌. 超高产栽培迟熟中粳稻养分吸收特点的研究[J]. 作物学报, 2007, 33(02): 208-215.

DU Yong;LIU Hui;YANG Cheng;WANG Zhi-Qin;YANG Jian-Chang. Characteristics of Nutrient Absorption in Super-High-Yielding Mid-Season and Late-Maturity Japonica Rice[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2007, 33(02): 208-215.

参考文献

相关文章 15

[1]	田甜, 陈丽娟, 何华勤. 基于Meta-QTL和RNA-seq的整合分析挖掘水稻抗稻瘟病候选基因[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1372-1388.
[2]	郑崇珂, 周冠华, 牛淑琳, 和亚男, 孙伟, 谢先芝. 水稻早衰突变体esl-H5的表型鉴定与基因定位[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1389-1400.
[3]	周文期, 强晓霞, 王森, 江静雯, 卫万荣. 水稻OsLPL2/PIR基因抗旱耐盐机制研究[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1401-1415.
[4]	郑小龙, 周菁清, 白杨, 邵雅芳, 章林平, 胡培松, 魏祥进. 粳稻不同穗部籽粒的淀粉与垩白品质差异及分子机制[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1425-1436.
[5]	颜佳倩, 顾逸彪, 薛张逸, 周天阳, 葛芊芊, 张耗, 刘立军, 王志琴, 顾骏飞, 杨建昌, 周振玲, 徐大勇. 耐盐性不同水稻品种对盐胁迫的响应差异及其机制[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1463-1475.
[6]	杨欢, 周颖, 陈平, 杜青, 郑本川, 蒲甜, 温晶, 杨文钰, 雍太文. 玉米-豆科作物带状间套作对养分吸收利用及产量优势的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1476-1487.
[7]	杨建昌, 李超卿, 江贻. 稻米氨基酸含量和组分及其调控[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1037-1050.
[8]	杨德卫, 王勋, 郑星星, 项信权, 崔海涛, 李生平, 唐定中. OsSAMS1在水稻稻瘟病抗性中的功能研究[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1119-1128.
[9]	朱峥, 王田幸子, 陈悦, 刘玉晴, 燕高伟, 徐珊, 马金姣, 窦世娟, 李莉云, 刘国振. 水稻转录因子WRKY68在Xa21介导的抗白叶枯病反应中发挥正调控作用[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1129-1140.
[10]	王小雷, 李炜星, 欧阳林娟, 徐杰, 陈小荣, 边建民, 胡丽芳, 彭小松, 贺晓鹏, 傅军如, 周大虎, 贺浩华, 孙晓棠, 朱昌兰. 基于染色体片段置换系群体检测水稻株型性状QTL[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1141-1151.
[11]	闫晓宇, 郭文君, 秦都林, 王双磊, 聂军军, 赵娜, 祁杰, 宋宪亮, 毛丽丽, 孙学振. 滨海盐碱地棉花秸秆还田和深松对棉花干物质积累、养分吸收及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1235-1247.
[12]	王泽, 周钦阳, 刘聪, 穆悦, 郭威, 丁艳锋, 二宫正士. 基于无人机和地面图像的田间水稻冠层参数估测与评价[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1248-1261.
[13]	陈悦, 孙明哲, 贾博为, 冷月, 孙晓丽. 水稻AP2/ERF转录因子参与逆境胁迫应答的分子机制研究进展[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 781-790.
[14]	孔垂豹, 庞孜钦, 张才芳, 刘强, 胡朝华, 肖以杰, 袁照年. 不同施肥水平下丛枝菌根真菌对甘蔗生长及养分相关基因共表达网络的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 860-872.
[15]	王吕, 崔月贞, 吴玉红, 郝兴顺, 张春辉, 王俊义, 刘怡欣, 李小刚, 秦宇航. 绿肥稻秆协同还田下氮肥减量的增产和培肥短期效应[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 952-961.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed