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作物学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 124-131.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.00124

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

 种植密度和播期对冬小麦品种兰考矮早八干物质和氮素积累与运转的影响

屈会娟1,2,李金才1,2,*,沈学善1,2,魏凤珍1,王成雨1,郅胜军2   

  1. 1安徽农业大学农学院,安徽合肥230036;2河南农业大学国家小麦工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450002
  • 收稿日期:2008-05-08 修回日期:2008-07-04 出版日期:2009-01-12 网络出版日期:2008-11-18
  • 通讯作者: 李金才
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家科技支撑计划项目（2007BAD89B10），国家粮食丰产科技工程项目（2006BAD02A06-19），安徽省自然科学基金项目（070411013）资助

Effects of Plant Density and Seeding Date on Accumulation and Translocation of Dry Matter and Nitrogen in winter Wheat Cultivar Lankao Aizao 8

QU Hui-Juan1,2,LI Jin-Cai1,2,*,SHEN Xue-Shan1,2,WEI Feng-Zhen1,WANG Cheng-Yu1,ZHI Sheng-Jun2   

  1. 1Agronomy College, Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China; 2 Nation Engineer Technology Research Center of Wheat,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002, China
  • Received:2008-05-08 Revised:2008-07-04 Published:2009-01-12 Published online:2008-11-18
  • Contact: LI Jin-Cai

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2463

被引次数

80

摘要：

以重穗型冬小麦品种兰考矮早八为材料，研究了正常播期(10月10至12日)和适度晚播(10月24至26日)条件下，高(300万株 hm-2)、中(225万株 hm-2)、低(150万株 hm-2)密度对其干物质和氮素积累转运及籽粒产量和品质的影响。结果表明，不同播期条件下，各密度处理开花期和成熟期单茎干物质和氮素积累量均随播种密度降低而增加，适当晚播和中、低密度有利于单茎干物质和氮素积累，尤其是穗部积累量的提高。正常播期和低密度以及晚播和中等密度处理开花前营养器官贮藏干物质向籽粒的转运量和花前贮藏物质对籽粒重的贡献率显著高于其他处理。正常播期和中、低密度处理以及晚播和中、高密度处理显著提高籽粒淀粉和蛋白质的含量与产量以及籽粒产量，使小麦籽粒产量和品质同步提高。在本试验条件下，兰考矮早八兼顾高产和优质的正常播期和晚播的适宜播种密度分别为150~225万株 hm-2和225~300万株 hm-2。

关键词: 密度, 播期, 重穗型, 干物质积累与转运, 氮素积累与转运

Abstract:

Moderately late seeding has the advantage to alleviate damage by low temperature before overwintering in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The disadvantage of tillering reduction caused by late seeding may be compensated by increasing plant density. The optimal combination of seeding date and density differs from cultivars or cultivar types. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of plant density and seeding date on the accumulation and transportation of dry matter and nitrogen of large-spike type winter wheat cultivar “Lankao Aizao 8”, accordingly to provide a theoretical basis on appropriate density in production with late seeding. Three densities (150, 225, and 300´104 plants ha-1) and two seeding dates (normal and late) were designed for the field experiment in 2005–2007. The accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen per stem in different organs increased at anthesis and maturity with the decrease of plant density. Under the late seeding condition, medium and low densities positively influenced the accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen per stem, especially in spike. The translocation amount of dry matter stored in vegetative organs before anthesis was significantly higher in treatments of low density with normal seeding date and medium density with late seeding date compared with other treatments. Meanwhile, the two treatments showed significantly larger contributions of dry matter to grains. In regard to grain yield and quality, treatments of medium and low densities with normal seeding date and medium and high densities with late seeding date had significantly positive effects on the contents and yields of starch and protein as well as grain yields. In the areas with the condition similar to this experiment, when considering both yield and grain quality, Lankao Aizao 8 is suggested with the densities of 150–225×104 ha-1 for normal seeding and 225–300×104 ha-1 for moderatively late seeding, respectively.

Key words: Plant density, Seeding date, Large-spike type, Accumulation and translocation of dry matter, Accumulation and translocation of nitrogen

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