作物学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (11): 2037-2044.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.02037
张耗,谈桂露,孙小淋,刘立军,杨建昌*
ZHANG Hao,TAN Gui-Lu,SUN Xiao-Lin,LIU Li-Jun,YANG Jian-Chang*
摘要:
以江苏省近60年来各阶段具有代表性的13个中熟籼稻品种(含杂交稻组合)为材料,依据品种种植年代结合株型特点将其分为早期高秆(ET)、矮秆(DC)、半矮秆常规稻(SDC)、半矮秆杂交稻(SDH)和超级稻(SR) 5个类型,研究了品种演进过程中米质的变化。结果表明,稻米的碾磨品质(糙米率、精米率和整精米率)在同一类品种间有较大差异,在品种演进过程中无明显变化。与早期品种相比,现代品种(半矮秆杂交稻和超级稻)稻米的垩白度显著降低,崩解值变大,消减值变小,稻米中的清蛋白、谷蛋白、赖氨酸、甘氨酸和精氨酸含量显著增加,醇溶蛋白含量显著降低。随着品种演进,产量逐步提高,其原因主要是总颖花量的增加及每穗粒数的显著增多。说明中籼稻品种演进过程中,米质和产量协同提高。
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