水分胁迫下葡萄糖对小麦幼苗光合作用和相关生理特性的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.00724

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以15%聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)模拟水分胁迫，以不同浓度外源葡萄糖(Glc)处理小麦幼苗，探讨外源Glc对水分胁迫下小麦幼苗生长发育和光合特性的影响。结果表明，水分胁迫显著降低了小麦叶片水势和光合作用，抑制植株的生长，而水分胁迫下外源Glc处理能明显增加叶片水势和光合色素含量，并使水分胁迫和水分胁迫后复水处理条件下，小麦幼苗叶片的净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)和叶片水分利用效率(WUE)显著升高，而使蒸腾速率(T_r)下降。同时，外源Glc处理显著提高了水分胁迫下叶片中可溶性糖和脯氨酸的积累，促进不定根和侧根的生长，植株干重比单一干旱处理提高14.32%~40.39%。由此表明，水分胁迫下外源Glc通过促进小麦根系生长和提高叶组织的渗透调节能力，改善叶片的水分状况，提高了叶片的光合功能，促进小麦幼苗的生长，降低了水分胁迫对小麦幼苗生长的抑制作用。

关键词: 小麦, 葡萄糖, 水分胁迫, 光合作用, 生长

Abstract:

Drought, one of the main adverse environmental factors, obviously affects plant growth and development. Previous studies have shown one of the plant mechanisms conferred stress tolerance is the rapid accumulation of soluble sugar (glucose, fructose and sucrose) during water stress. A large number of stress responsive genes have been reported to be induced by glucose, indicating the role of sugars in environmental responses. Although it has already been shown that sugars act as signaling molecules in plants to modulate growth, development, and stress responses, little is known about the mechanisms by which plants respond to them under water stress. To investigate the regulational relation between glucose and drought resistance in wheat, the effects of exogenous glucose on growth and photosynthesis in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings under water stress were studied. Wheat seedlings were treated with Hoagland solution (T0), 15% PEG-6000 (T1), 15% PEG-6000+100 μmol L⁻¹ Glc (T2), and 15% PEG-6000+300 μmol L⁻¹Glc (T3), respectively. Effects of exogenous glucose on the leaf water potential and relative water content, photosynthesis, photosynthetic pigmentcontent, soluble sugar and proline content in leaves, as well as growth of seedlings and roots were analyzed. The leaf water potential and leaf photosynthesis decreased significantly, and the growth of seedlings was inhibited when the plants were subjected to water stress. However, the leaf water potential, photosynthetic pigments content increased in T2 and T3 treatments. Simultaneously, the net photosynthetic rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (G_s), intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i), and water use efficiency (WUE) in leaf increased. However, the but transpiration rate (T_r) decreased when the seedlings were treated with exogenous glucose under water stress and rewatered after water stress. Moreover,the levels of proline and soluble sugar in leaves increased by glucose treatment under water stress. Exogenous glucose treatment increased the number of lateral roots, and the length of adventitious roots, and the plant dry matter increased by 14.32–40.39% compared to the drought treatment alone. These results indicate that exogenous glucose may improve drought resistance by increasing roots growth and photosynthesis in leaves under water stress.

Key words: Wheat, Glucose, Water stress, Photosynthesis, Growth

胡梦芸;李辉;张颖君;刘茜. 水分胁迫下葡萄糖对小麦幼苗光合作用和相关生理特性的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2009, 35(4): 724-732.

HU Meng-Yun;Li Hui;ZHANG Ying-Jun;LIU Qian. Photosynthesis and Related Physiological characteristics Affected by Exogenous Glucose in Wheat Seedlings under Water Stress[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2009, 35(4): 724-732.

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