玉米籽粒赖氨酸含量的遗传及其与产量的关系分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.01585

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 用5个不同基础群体的15个自选系作母本, 5个不同优势群的测验系作父本, 采用NCII交配设计配成75个杂交组合, 经1年2点田间试验, 用近红外光谱仪测定了亲本及其杂交种F₁和F₂籽粒的赖氨酸含量, 并用三倍体种子胚乳-细胞质-母体效应模型对赖氨酸含量进行遗传分析。结果表明, 玉米籽粒赖氨酸含量除受种子、母体效应和细胞质3套遗传体系共同控制之外, 还不同程度受环境因素的影响, 遗传主效应方差V_G (V_G=V_A+V_D+V_C+V_Am+V_Dm)占总遗传方差(V_G+V_GE)的76.3%, 其中, 种子效应方差(V_A+V_D)、细胞质效应方差(V_C)和母体效应方差(V_Am+V_Dm)分别占24.6%、19.7%和55.7%；赖氨酸含量以母体遗传力为主(h²_m=40.98%), 其次为种子遗传力(h²_o=17.86%), 而细胞质遗传力较低(h²_c=14.29%)。同时发现籽粒赖氨酸含量与产量之间不存在明显相关(r = –0.027)。因此, 在高赖氨酸育种中, 必须重视高值亲本尤其是母本的选择以及不同优势类群间的广泛组配, 从变异广泛的基础材料中对赖氨酸含量和籽粒产量同时进行选择和改良是可能的。

关键词: 玉米, 赖氨酸, 遗传效应, 环境

Abstract: Fifteen inbred lines selected from five basic populations in maize (Zea mays L.) were crossed with five elite inbred lines derived from different heterotic groups according to NCII design, and the 75 combinations were evaluated at two environments in 2009. The lysine content in kernels of parents as well as their hybrids F₁and F₂ populations was analyzed using the Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) method. Statistical analysis of lysine contents was made based on the model of triploid seed endosperm, cytoplasm and maternal effect. The results showed that lysine content in kernels was controlled not only by three sets of genetic system, namely seeds, maternal effects and cytoplasm effects, but also affected by environmental factors. The genetic variance of V_G (V_G=V_A+V_D+V_C+V_Am+V_Dm) accounted for 76.3% of total genetic variance (V_G+V_GE), of the total genetic variance V_G, variances of seed effect (V_A+V_D), cytoplasm effect (V_C) and maternal effect (V_Am+V_Dm) accounted for 24.6%, 19.7%, and 55.7%, respectively. The maternal heritability (h²_m=40.98%) of lysine content was the highest, followed by seed heritability (h²_o=17.86%), whilethe cytoplasm heritability (h²_c=14.29%) was relatively lower. No significant correlation was found between the lysine contents in kernel and grain yield (r = –0.0269). Therefore,much attention should been paidto selecting high-value parental lines, especially female lines, in lysine content and to making diversified crosses among lines from different maize heterotic groups in high-lysine breeding. Based on the results from this study, it seems to be possible to improve lysine content and grain yield simultaneously from materials with extensive variances.

Key words: Maize, Lysine, Inheritance effect, Environment

汤继华, 季洪强, 刘义宝, 张君, 谭晓军, 胡彦民, 刘宗华. 玉米籽粒赖氨酸含量的遗传及其与产量的关系分析[J]. 作物学报, 2011, 37(09): 1585-1591.

TANG Ji-Hua, JI Hong-Jiang, LIU Xi-Bao, ZHANG Jun, TAN Xiao-Jun, HU Pan-Min, LIU Zong-Hua. Inheritance Analysis of Lysine Content in Maize Kernel and Its Relationship with Grain Yield[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2011, 37(09): 1585-1591.

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