小麦矮秆种质SN224的鉴定及农艺性状QTL分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.01134

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

SN224是从六倍体小黑麦与普通小麦杂种后代选育的矮秆小麦种质，为对其有效利用提供参考依据，本研究对其进行了细胞学和主要农艺性状的鉴定，对它矮秆性状的遗传特点进行了分析。结果表明，SN224平均株高68.6 cm，株型较紧凑，纺锤穗、有芒、白粒，千粒重42.0 g左右，中抗条锈病和白粉病，后期不早衰，综合农艺性状较好；SN224根尖细胞染色体数目为42条，花粉母细胞减数分裂MI可观察到21个二价体，为1BL?1RS易位系；SN224/辉县红杂种F₁株高介于双亲之间，F₂群体的株高分离表现连续变异。利用已知主效矮秆基因Rht-B1b、Rht-D1b和Rht8以及1RS的特异分子标记检测证明，SN224不含有3个矮秆主效基因，1RS对SN224矮秆性状的表达没有影响。利用SN224/辉县红F₂群体，构建了含有134个标记的分子标记连锁遗传图谱，总长1332.1 cM。采用加性-完备区间作图法(ICIM-ADD)进行QTL分析，检测到2个降低株高的主效QTL QPh1B和QPh4B，分别位于1B染色体Xwmc719–Xgwm18和4B染色体Xgwm368–Xmag4284标记区间，它们可分别解释株高变异的20.0%和10.2%；检测到分别控制穗长、单株穗数和每穗小穗数的7个QTL；在4B染色体KSUM062–Xmag4284标记区间同时检测到降低株高、增加穗长和单株穗数的QTL。

关键词: 普通小麦–黑麦易位系, 农艺性状, 细胞学鉴定, QTL定位, 矮秆基因

Abstract:

SN224 is a dwarfing wheat line derived from a cross between hexaploid triticale (AABBRR, 2n = 6x) and common wheat (AABBDD, 2n = 6x). We evaluated its cytologic characteristic and main agronomic characters, and analyzed the genetic basis of dwarfing trait in order to use the germplasm in wheat breeding program.This white grain wheat had compact plant type, spindle-shaped panicle and moderate resistance to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, Bgt) and stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, Pst). There were 42 chromosomes in root tip cells, showing 21 bivalents in pollen mother cells. FISH confirmed that SN224 was a 1BL·1RS translocation line. The plant height was between two parents of F₁from a cross between SN224 and Huixianhong and distributed continuously and normally in F₂ population. The detection of specific molecular marker for genes Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b, and Rht8 indicated that this line had none of the three dwarfing genes. In the meantime, the introduction of 1RS had no obvious effect on plant height. The F₂ population was used to construct a genetic linkage map containing 134 SSR markers which covered a total length of 1332.1 cM. Two major dwarfing QTLs on chromosomes 1B and 4B were detected by additive-inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM-ADD). QPh1B and QPh4B, located in Xwmc719–Xgwm18 and Xgwm368–Xmag4284 intervals, explained 20.0% and 10.2% of phenotypic variation, respectively. Seven QTLs controlling ear length, panicle number per plant, and kernel number per spike were detected. The QTL in KSUM062–Xmag4284 interval contributed to decrease plant height, increase ear length and panicle number per plant.

Key words: Common wheat–rye translocation line, Agronomic traits, Cytological identification, QTL mapping, Dwarfing gene

王鑫,马莹雪,杨阳,王丹峰,殷慧娟,王洪刚. 小麦矮秆种质SN224的鉴定及农艺性状QTL分析[J]. 作物学报, 2016, 42(08): 1134-1142.

WANG Xin,MA Ying-Xue,YANG Yang,WANG Dan-Feng,YIN Hui-Juan,WANG Hong-Gang. Identification of Dwarfing Wheat Germplasm SN224 and Analysis of QTLs for Its Agronomic Characters[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2016, 42(08): 1134-1142.

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