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8份无芒雀麦种质资源的草产量与营养品质的综合评价

李琰1,2,3，李雨晨1,2,3，于爱萍1,2,3，陈爱萍1,2,3,*   

  1. 1 新疆农业大学草业学院, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830052; 2 西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830052; 3 新疆草地资源与生态实验室, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-15 修回日期:2025-08-13 接受日期:2025-08-13 网络出版日期:2025-08-25
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-34)资助。

Comprehensive evaluation of forage yield and nutritional quality in eight Bromus inermis germplasm resources

LI Yan1,2,3,LI Yu-Chen1,2,3,YU Ai-Ping1,2,3,CHEN Ai-Ping1,2,3,*   

  1. 1 College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China; 2 Key Laboratory for Western Arid Region Grassland Resources and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China; 3 Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2025-04-15 Revised:2025-08-13 Accepted:2025-08-13 Published online:2025-08-25
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-34).

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摘要：

为筛选出适合新疆地区种植的高产优质无芒雀麦材料，本研究于2022—2024年在新疆地区开展连续3年的田间试验，系统评价了8份不同来源无芒雀麦种质资源的适应性表现。通过农艺性状观测、草产量测定和品质分析，结合聚类分析、灰色关联度综合评价方法筛选出适宜当地种植的优良种质资源。结果表明，13个性状的变异系数范围为3.87%~12.02%，其中干草产量的变异最大。从农艺性状来看，株高和茎粗均随种植年份的增加而显著提高。草产量随种植年限的增加呈先升后降的趋势，2023年达到峰值，其中W3在2022—2024年累积产量高于其他种质。品质分析表明，3年的粗蛋白含量范围为9.14%~13.51%，粗脂肪和粗灰分含量均在2022年达到最高，除W7和W8外，其他种质的中性洗涤纤维含量逐年上升。通过灰色关联度分析，W3的综合评分最高(0.7163)，适合作为新疆地区无芒雀麦育种的优选种质。

关键词: 无芒雀麦, 农艺性状, 草产量, 营养品质, 综合评价

Abstract:

To identify high-yielding and high-quality Bromus inermis germplasm suitable for cultivation in Xinjiang, a three-year field trial was conducted from 2022 to 2024, systematically evaluating the adaptability of eight germplasm sources. Agronomic traits, forage yield, and nutritional quality were assessed, and a comprehensive evaluation was performed using cluster analysis and grey relational analysis to screen for locally adapted superior germplasms. The results showed that the coefficient of variation across 13 traits ranged from 3.87% to 12.02%, with dry forage yield exhibiting the highest variability. In terms of agronomic performance, both plant height and stem diameter increased significantly over successive planting years. Forage yield followed a trend of increasing initially and then declining, peaking in 2023. Notably, germplasm W3 exhibited a significantly higher cumulative yield than the others over the three-year period. Quality analysis revealed that crude protein content ranged from 9.14% to 13.51% across the years, while ether extract and crude ash contents were highest in 2022. Except for W7 and W8, the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content of the remaining germplasms increased annually. Based on grey relational analysis, W3 achieved the highest comprehensive score (0.7163) and is recommended as a preferred germplasm for Bromus inermis breeding and cultivation in Xinjiang.

Key words: Bromus inermis, agronomic traits, forage yield, nutritional quality, comprehensive evaluation

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