小麦骨干亲本繁6产量相关性状关键基因组区段的遗传效应

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.00706

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

繁6是中国小麦育种最重要的骨干亲本之一, 明确其优良特性的遗传机制对小麦育种具有重要意义。本研究鉴定了39个繁6衍生品种的7个产量相关性状, 并利用全基因组SSR标记分析了繁6中控制这些性状重要遗传区段和基因位点在子代中的遗传效应。表型鉴定结果表明, 繁6产量相关性状在不同世代衍生品种中表现无显著差异, 表明这些性状在衍生品种选育过程中受到选择并稳定遗传。利用已获得的控制小麦产量相关“一致性” QTL区段的417个SSR标记进行分子扫描, 发现11个繁6特异SSR标记在其衍生后代中被高频率遗传。性状-标记关联分析表明, 21个来自繁6的特异SSR标记与产量相关性状极显著关联(P < 0.01)。同时鉴定出分别位于2A和5A染色体的Xgdm93.3-Xgwm526.2和Xbarc100-Xgwm156.1区段, 前者控制株高和小穗数, 后者控制千粒重。本研究证实, 上述两个与小麦产量相关性状关联的位点或区段在小麦产量育种进程中受到强烈的人为定向连续选择, 并在四川乃至西南麦区小麦产量育种中发挥了重要作用。

关键词: 繁6, 小麦骨干亲本, 产量性状, 关联分析

Abstract:

Fan 6 is an important wheat founder parent in China. A deep understanding on the genetic mechanism for excellent agronomic traits in Fan 6 will facilitate its utilization in wheat breeding. In this study, seven yield-related traits were investigated in Fan 6 and its 39 derived varieties and trait-associated chromosomal regions were scanned with genome-wide SSR markers. The traits investigated showed no significant differences between Fan 6 and its derived varieties, indicating that these traits have been subjected to directive selection and inherited stably from Fan 6 to its offspring. Out of the 417 SSR markers flanking loci for yield-related traits, 11 Fan 6-specific markers were detected frequently in its derived varieties. Trait-marker association analysis indicated that 21 Fan 6-specific markers were significantly associated with yield-related traits (P < 0.01). Two chromosomal intervals, Xgdm93.3-Xgwm526.2 on 2A and Xbarc100-Xgwm156.1 on 5A, were identified to control plant height + spikelet number per spike and thousand-kernel weight, respectively. The present study confirmed that the loci or chromosomal regions associated with yield-related traits are key factors for high yield and have been selected intensively and continuously during breeding process in Sichuan and even Southwest wheat zones.

Key words: Fan 6, wheat founder parent, yield-related traits, association analysis

邓梅, 何员江, 苟璐璐, 姚方杰, 李健, 张雪梅, 龙黎, 马建, 江千涛, 刘亚西, 魏育明, 陈国跃. 小麦骨干亲本繁6产量相关性状关键基因组区段的遗传效应[J]. 作物学报, 2018, 44(05): 706-715.

Mei DENG, Yuan-Jiang HE, Lu-Lu GOU, Fang-Jie YAO, Jian LI, Xue-Mei ZHANG, Li LONG, Jian MA, Qian-Tao JIANG, Ya-Xi LIU, Yu-Ming WEI, Guo-Yue CHEN. Genetic Effects of Key Genomic Regions Controlling Yield-Related Traits in Wheat Founder Parent Fan 6[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2018, 44(05): 706-715.

图/表 6

附表1

试验品种及其系谱"

编号 No.	品种 Variety	世代 Generation	系谱或亲本类型 Pedigree or parental type
1	繁6 Fan 6	FP	伊博1828/印度824/3/五一麦//成都光头/中农483/4/中农28B/伊博1828//印度 824//阿夫 Yibo l828/India 824/3/Wuyimai//Chengduguangtou/Zhonnnon 9483/4/Zhongnong 28B/Yibo l828//India 824//Funo
2	川育5号 Chuanyu 5	1st	繁6姊妹系69-1776/大粒早 69-1776 of Fan 6’s sib-line/Dalizao
3	川育6号 Chuanyu 6	1st	繁6/川麦10号 Fan 6/Chuanmai 10
4	绵阳12 Mianyang 12	1st	406C3-4-5/繁6 406C3-4-5/Fan 6
5	绵阳11 Mianyang 11	1st	70-5858/繁6 70-5858/Fan 6
6	巴麦18 Bamai 18	1st	内江31/繁6 Neijiang 31/Fan 6
7	蜀万831 Shuwan 831	1st	蜀万761/繁6 Shuwan 761/Fan 6
编号 No.	品种 Variety	世代 Generation	系谱或亲本类型 Pedigree or parental type
8	80-8	1st	繁6变异株 Mutant line of Fan 6
9	川辐4号 Chuanfu 4	2nd	巴麦18/799-6007 Bamai 18/799-6007
10	绵阳15 Mianyang 15	2nd	70-5858/繁6 70-5858/Fan 6
11	绵阳19 Mianyang 19	2nd	绵阳11选系 Selection line of Mianyang 11
12	绵阳20 Mianyang 20	2nd	绵阳11选系 Selection line of Mianyang 11
13	绵阳21 Mianyang 21	2nd	绵阳11选系 Selection line of Mianyang 11
14	绵阳29 Mianyang 29	2nd	绵阳11/江油83-5 Mianyang 11/Jiangyou 83-5
15	川农麦1号 Chuannongmai 1	2nd	绵阳11/川雅84-1 Mianyang 11/Chuanya 84-1
16	川麦21 Chuanmai 21	2nd	绵阳11/77中2882 Mianyang 11/77 zhong 2882
17	川麦22 Chuangmai 22	2nd	绵阳11/川麦20 Mianyang 11/Chuanmai 20
18	渝麦4号 Yumai 4	2nd	77中2882/巴麦18 77 zhong 2882/Bamai 1877
19	川辐1号 Chuanfu 1	2nd	β射线处理川育5号种子 Chuanyu 5 by β ray mutagenesis
20	川育18 Chuanyu 18	2nd	川育5号/墨460//94 F_2-4 Chuanyu 5/Mexipak 460//94F_2-4
21	川育7号 Chuanyu 7	3rd	繁6/原110//阿170-8 Fan 6/Yuan 110//A170-8
22	川麦45 Chuanmai 45	3rd	绵阳11//川麦22/川辐3号/3/PC17//繁6/川麦18 Mianyang 11//Chuanmai 22 Chuanfu/3/PC 17//Fan 6/Chuanmai 18
23	川育19 Chuanyu 19	3rd	川育5号/墨460//绵阳26 Chuanyu 5/Mexipak 460//Mianyang 26
24	川麦28 Chuanmai 28	3rd	万雅2号/繁6//高加索/繁6///绵阳19 Wanya 2/Fan 6//Kavkaz/Fan 6///Mianyang 19
25	绵阳26 Mianyang 26	3rd	川育9号/绵阳20 Chuanyu 9/Mianyang 20
26	川麦24 Chuanmai 24	3rd	8282-15/绵阳19 8282-15/Mianyang 19
27	川辐2号 Chuanfu 2	3rd	β射线诱变川辐1号(77中2882) F₁ F₁ of Chuanyu 1 (77 zhong 2882) by β-ray mutagenesis
28	川辐3号 Chuanfu 3	3rd	β射线川辐1号(77中2282) Chuanyu 1 (77 zhong 2882) by β-ray mutagenesis
29	绵农3号 Miannong 3	3rd	75-21-4/76-19//绵农1号 75-21-4/76-19//Miannong 1
30	绵农4号 Miannong 4	3rd	75-21-4/76-19//绵农1号 75-21-4/76-19//Miannong 1
31	川育17 Chuanyu 17	4th	绵阳26/G295-4 Mianyang 26/G295-4
32	内麦8号 Neimai 8	4th	绵阳26/92R178 Mianyang 26/92R178
33	内麦9号 Neimai 9	4th	绵阳26/92R178 Mianyang 26/92R178
34	良麦2号 Liangmai 2	4th	绵阳26/异源2号 Mianyang 26/Yiyuan 2
35	科成麦2号 Kechengmai 2	4th	咸阳大穗/E//多花-1/3/贵农20/4/绵阳26 Xianyangdasui/E//Duohua-1/3/Guinong 20/4/Mianyang 26
36	川麦47 Chuanmai 47	4th	Syn-CD786/绵阳26//绵阳26 Syn-CD786/Mianyang 26//Mianyang 26
37	川育8号 Chuanyu 8	4th	阿二矮/川育7号 Aerai/Chuanyu 7
38	川育12 Chuanyu 12	5th	川育8号/83-4516 Chuanyu 8/83-4516
39	川农16 Chuannong 16	5th	川育12/87-429 Chuanyu 12/87-429
40	川育14 Chuanyu 14	5th	川育9号/黔花1号//川育8号/4/繁7/高加索//川育5号/3/川育9号 Chuanyu 9/Qianhua 1//Chuanyu 8/4/Fan 7/Kavkaz//Chuanyu 5/3/Chuanyu 9
41	大粒早 Dalizao	MP	Middle parent
42	川麦10号 Chuanmai 10	MP	Middle parent
43	蜀万761 Shuwan 761	MP	Middle parent
44	阿二矮 A’er’ai	MP	Middle parent
45	异源2号 Yiyuan 2	MP	Middle parent
46	Alondra”S”	MP	Middle parent
编号 No.	品种 Variety	世代 Generation	系谱或亲本类型 Pedigree or parental type
47	雅安早 Yaanzao	MP	Middle parent
48	竹叶青 Zhuyeqing	MP	Middle parent
49	玛拉Mara	MP	Middle parent
50	IBO1828	MP	Middle parent
51	大头黄 Datouhuang	MP	Middle parent
52	万雅2号 Wanya 2	MP	Middle parent
53	84-2014	MP	Middle parent
54	川雅84-1 Chuanya 84-1	MP	Middle parent
55	阿勃 Abbondanza	OFP	Other founder parent
56	南大2419 Nanda 2419	OFP	Other founder parent
57	小偃6号 Xiaoyan 6	OFP	Other founder parent
58	洛夫林10号 Lovrin 10	OFP	Other founder parent
59	碧玛4号 Bima 4	OFP	Other founder parent
60	蚂蚱麦 Mazhamai	OFP	Other founder parent
61	江东门 Jiangdongmen	OFP	Other founder parent
62	蚰子麦 Youzimai	OFP	Other founder parent
63	燕大1817 Yanda 1817	OFP	Other founder parent
64	欧柔 Orofen	OFP	Other founder parent
65	阿夫 Funo	OFP	Other founder parent
66	北京8号 Beijing 8	OFP	Other founder parent
67	西农6028 Xinong 6028	OFP	Other founder parent
68	矮孟牛Aimengniu	OFP	Other founder parent
69	墨巴66 Mexipak 66	OFP	Other founder parent
70	早洋麦 Early premium	OFP	Other founder parent
71	周8425B Zhou 8425B	OFP	Other founder parent
72	五一麦 Wuyimai	OFP	Other founder parent
73	成都光头 Chengduguangtou	OFP	Other founder parent
74	扬麦158 Yangmai 158	CFP	Candidatefounder parent
75	川麦42 Chuanmai 42	CFP	Candidatefounder parent

附表1

附图1

表1

表2

表3

表4

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品种或世代 Variety or generation	株高 PH (cm)	穗长 SL (cm)	小穗数 SLN	小穗粒数 KNSL	穗粒数 KNS	穗粒重 KWS (g)	千粒重 TKW (g)	有效分蘖 ETN
对照品种 Control variety	110.61	15.51	25.00	4.6	87.76	1.78	48.88	7.0
繁6 Fan 6	90.10	10.27	24.90	4.7	72.29	3.03	39.85	6.2
繁6衍生后代 Derivated generations from Fan 6
第1代 1st generation (n=7)	87.46	11.16	22.79	4.3	66.57	2.95	39.85	6.1
第2代 2nd generation (n=12)	91.73	12.38	22.95	3.8	66.86	2.65	45.20	5.6
第3代 3rd generation (n=10)	86.67	12.81	22.63	4.1	67.73	2.53	44.91	4.0
第4代 4th generation (n=7)	89.49	13.29	23.56	3.6	78.51	1.89	42.16	4.8
第5代 5th generation (n=3)	82.21	9.89	21.43	4.2	70.86	1.95	42.35	6.2

性状 Trait	株高 PH	穗长 SL	小穗数 SLN	小穗粒数 KNSL	有效分蘖 ETN	穗粒数 KNS	穗粒重 KWS	千粒重 TKW
株高PH		0.12	-0.02	-0.16	0.29	0.04	0.26	-0.18
穗长SL	0.28		-0.02	-0.05	0.24	-0.17	0.35^*	-0.11
小穗数SLN	0.14	0.27		-0.45^**	0	0.44^**	-0.12	0.05
小穗粒数KNSL	0.31	0.13	0.14		0.14	0.55^**	-0.02	-0.03
有效分蘖ETN	0.24	-0.22	-0.18	0.01		0.22	-0.44^**	0.29
穗粒数KNS	0.47^**	0.14	0.33	0.86^**	0.07		0.76^**	-0.70
穗粒重KWS	0.48^**	0.42^*	0.22	0.61^**	0.03	0.75^**		0.84^**
千粒重TKW	0.03	0.41^*	-0.03	-0.29	0.02	-0.29	0.33^*

繁6衍生世代 Fan 6-derived generation	品种数 Number of varieties	变异位点 Number of specific alleles	传递频率Transmission frequency (%)
繁6衍生世代 Fan 6-derived generation	品种数 Number of varieties	变异位点 Number of specific alleles	范围 Range	平均Average
第1代 1st generation	7	51	8.3-91.7	49.2
第2代 2nd generation	12	28	7.7-76.9	40.4
第3代 3rd generation	10	25	14.3-100.0	44.6
第4代 4th generation	7	17	14.3-71.4	42.9
第5代 5th generation	3	15	15.7-84.9	45.4

性状 Trait	标记 Marker	染色体 Chromosome	P值 P-value	R² (%)
株高 Plant height	Xgwm614	2A	0.0167	11.76
	Xcfd80	6A	0.0220	8.83
	Xwmc722	4D	0.0255	7.51
	Xcfd51	2D	0.0525	5.55
	Xbarc10	5A	0.0068	12.41
	Xwmc505	3A	0.0123	9.82
	Xcfa2170	1D	0.0027	13.16
	Xgwm526	2A	0.0044	12.01
	Xbarc96	5B	0.0164	8.49
穗长 Spike length	Xbarc61	1B	0.0187	0.0946
	Xbarc10	2B/4B/5A/7B	0.0158	0.1425
	Xcfa2201	2B	0.0260	0.0890
	Xgpw363	1B	0.0101	0.1095
小穗数Spikelet number per spike	Xgwm415	5A	0.0246	0.1462
	Xcfd14	7D	0.0048	0.1342
	Xgwm526	2A	0.0368	0.0751
小穗粒数 Kernal number per spikelet	Xbarc174	1B/2B/7A	0.0390	0.1074
千粒重 Thousand-kernel weight	Xbarc100	5A	0.0164	0.0821
	Xcfd14	7D	0.0090	0.1021
	Xcfd19	1D/5D/6D	0.0282	0.0715
	Xwmc285	4D	0.0072	0.1375
	Xwmc723	7B	0.0132	0.0872
	Xgwm333	7B	0.0086	0.1337
有效分蘖 Effective tiller number	Xbarc56	5A	0.0024	0.1516