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作物学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (7): 1086-1094.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01086

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

马铃薯冠气温差变化特性与耐旱性的关系

余斌1,杨宏羽1,王丽2,刘玉汇1,白江平1,张峰1,王蒂1,张俊莲1,*()   

  1. 1 甘肃农业大学农学院 / 甘肃省遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室 / 甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室培育基地, 甘肃兰州 730070
    2 甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院, 甘肃兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2018-01-10 接受日期:2018-03-26 出版日期:2018-07-10 网络出版日期:2018-04-28
  • 通讯作者: 张俊莲
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家国际科技合作与交流专项(2014DFG31570), 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-09-P14), 甘肃农业大学甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室开放基金项目(GSCS-2016-09)和甘肃省高等学校科研项目(2015A-068, GSKYYWF2014-1)资助

Relationship between Potato Canopy-air Temperature Difference and Drought Tolerance

Bin YU1,Hong-Yu YANG1,Li WANG2,Yu-Hui LIU1,Jiang-Ping BAI1,Feng ZHANG1,Di WANG1,Jun-Lian ZHANG1,*()   

  1. 1 College of Agronomy, Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China;
    2 College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
  • Received:2018-01-10 Accepted:2018-03-26 Published:2018-07-10 Published online:2018-04-28
  • Contact: Jun-Lian ZHANG
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China (2014DFG31570), the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-09-P14), the Research Program Sponsored by Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University (GSCS-2016-09), and Gansu Scientific Research Foundation for the Higher Education Institutions (2015A-068, GSKYYWF2014-1).

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摘要：

冠气温差能够反映植物在干旱胁迫下的生理适应性。本研究以耐旱型马铃薯品种冀张薯8号和陇薯10号; 干旱敏感型品种大西洋和夏波蒂, 以及从秘鲁国际马铃薯中心引进的10份具有不同耐旱性的种质资源为材料, 在半干旱和半湿润2种环境下对其植株表型性状(株高、叶面积、叶鲜重、植被覆盖指数)、光合生理指标(光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、叶绿素)以及冠气温差进行测定和耐旱性评价。结果表明, 所测性状指标中, 冠气温差、蒸腾速率和气孔导度对干旱胁迫最敏感; 冠气温差在不同供试马铃薯材料之间及干湿两种环境之间均表现出极显著差异性; 冠气温差的耐旱系数与植株表型性状及光合生理指标的耐旱系数均呈极显著正相关; 利用红外热成像技术监测冠气温差, 是进行马铃薯耐旱性评价的有效手段, 可为马铃薯耐旱育种研究提供理论依据。

关键词: 马铃薯, 冠气温差, 光合生理特性, 耐旱性

Abstract:

The canopy-air temperature difference can reflect the physiological adaptability of plants under drought stress. In this study, drought tolerant varieties Jizhangshu 8 and Longshu 10, drought sensitive varieties Atlantic and Shepody, and ten potato clones with different drought tolerance levels from Peru International Potato Center were used to measure plant phenotypic traits (plant height, leaf area, leaf fresh weight, normalized difference vegetation index), photosynthetic indexes (photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, chlorophyll content) and the canopy-air temperature difference, and evaluated the drought tolerance under semi-arid and semi-humid environments. The canopy-air temperature difference, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were most sensitive to drought stress. The canopy-air temperature difference was significantly different among different potato varieties (clones) under semi-arid and semi-humid environments. The drought tolerance coefficient of canopy-air temperature difference showed significantly positive correlations with drought tolerance coefficients of plant phenotypic characters and photosynthetic indexes. The canopy-air temperature difference is an effective indicator to evaluate potato drought tolerance by using infrared thermometers, which could provide a theoretical basis for the research of potato drought tolerance breeding.

Key words: potato, canopy-air temperature difference, photosynthetic physiology characteristics, drought tolerance coefficient

表1

试验品种和CIP马铃薯资源编号"

类型 Type 品种和CIP编号 Varieties and CIP entry
干旱敏感型
Drought sensitive		 大西洋(Atlantic), 夏波蒂(Shepody), CIP1 (CIP 300054.29), CIP2 (CIP 391065.69), CIP3 (CIP 394613.139), CIP4 (CIP 393085.5), CIP5 (CIP 393073.179)
耐旱型
Drought tolerant		 冀张薯8号(Jizhangshu 8), 陇薯10号(Longshu 10), CIP6 (CIP 397044.25), CIP7 (CIP 388615.22), CIP8 (CIP 392797.22), CIP9 (CIP 397067.2), CIP10 (CIP 391207.2)

图1

试验区月平均降雨量和气温状况"

Table 2

Drought tolerant coefflcient of agricultrual characteristics in different environments"

图2

远红外热成像仪拍摄的热成像图图a和图b分别是半湿润环境和半干旱环境下耐旱品种陇薯10号的远红外热成像图, 图c和图d分别是半湿润环境和半干旱环境下干旱敏感型品种夏波蒂的远红外热成像图。色板中不同颜色代表不同温度。"

Table3

Drought tolerant index and coefficlent of photosynthetic traits in different environment"

Table4

Analysis of genotype and environment interaction for traits related to drought tolerance"

表5

各性状耐旱系数间的相关系数"

性状
Trait		 样本数
Number		 株高
Plant height		 叶面积
Leaf area		 叶鲜重
Leaf fresh weight		 叶绿素
Chlorophyll content		 植被覆
盖指数
NDVI		 光合
速率
Pn		 气孔
导度
Gs		 蒸腾
速率
Tr
叶面积 Leaf area 84 0.399**
叶鲜重 Leaf fresh weight 84 0.371** 0.688**
叶绿素 Chlorophyll content 84 0.579** 0.263* 0.412**
植被覆盖指数 NDVI 84 0.455** 0.429** 0.553* 0.487**
光合速率 Pn 84 0.190 0.311** 0.274* -0.006 0.339**
气孔导度 Gs 84 0.143 0.338** 0.191 0.235* 0.317** -0.084
蒸腾速率 Tr 84 0.073 0.283** 0.270* 0.117 0.476** 0.174 0.657**
冠气温差Canopy-air temperature difference 84 0.324** 0.522** 0.614** 0.281** 0.427** 0.411** 0.263* 0.345**
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