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作物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5): 1147-1157.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.34148

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

棉花种质资源萌发期耐盐性鉴定及筛选

李航1,2**(), 刘丽2**(), 黄乾1,2, 刘文豪2, 司爱君2, 孔宪辉2, 王旭文2, 赵福相2, 梅拥军1,*(), 余渝2,*()   

  1. 1塔里木大学农学院, 新疆阿拉尔 843300
    2新疆农垦科学院棉花研究所 / 农业农村部西北内陆区棉花生物学与遗传育种重点实验室, 新疆石河子 832000
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-31 接受日期:2023-10-23 出版日期:2024-05-12 网络出版日期:2024-02-06
  • 通讯作者: 梅拥军, E-mail: xnmeiyj@126.com; 余渝, E-mail: xjyuyu021@sohu.com
  • 作者简介:李航, E-mail: 1298044524@qq.com;
    刘丽, E-mail: cottonliuli@sina.com第一联系人：

    **同等贡献

  • 基金资助:
    新疆生产建设兵团第三师重大科技计划项目(KY2022ZD02);新疆生产建设兵团第三师科技创新人才项目(KJ2023PT01);棉花生物学国家重点实验室开放课题(CB2022A27)

Identification and screening of salt tolerance of cotton germplasm resources at germination stage

LI Hang1,2**(), LIU Li2**(), HUANG Qian1,2, LIU Wen-Hao2, SI Ai-Jun2, KONG Xian-Hui2, WANG Xu-Wen2, ZHAO Fu-Xiang2, MEI Yong-Jun1,*(), YU Yu2,*()   

  1. 1College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alar 843300, Xinjiang, China
    2Cotton Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy Agricultural and Reclamation Science / Northwest Inland Region Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology and Genetic Breeding (Xinjiang), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2023-08-31 Accepted:2023-10-23 Published:2024-05-12 Published online:2024-02-06
  • Contact: E-mail: xnmeiyj@126.com; E-mail: xjyuyu021@sohu.com
  • About author:First author contact:

    **Contributed equally to this work

  • Supported by:
    Major science and Technology Plan Project of the Third Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(KY2022ZD02);Science and Technology Innovation Talent Project of the Third Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(KJ2023PT01);State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology(CB2022A27)

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摘要：

种子萌发期是对盐分较敏感的时期, 测定不同盐浓度胁迫下的棉花种子发芽情况是筛选棉花耐盐种质的重要依据之一。本研究对629份棉花种质资源进行0、150 mmol L-1 NaCl处理, 对鲜重、发芽势等6个性状的耐盐系数进行差异分析, 结果显示盐胁迫下各个性状较对照均存在显著差异; 使用主成分分析、隶属函数分析对棉花种质耐盐性进行综合评价; 对综合评价值D值进行聚类分析, 根据D值的大小将629份种质资源分成5类: 188份耐盐中间型材料、376份耐盐型材料、36份高耐盐型材料、28份盐敏感型材料、1份高盐敏感型材料; 通过逐步回归分析建立棉花萌发期耐盐性评价预测模型: D = 0.277RFW+0.29RGP+0.189RPL+0.387RGR-0.32 (R2=0.992), 筛选出鲜重、下胚轴长、发芽势和发芽率4个指标可作为棉花萌发期耐盐性鉴定的指标。本研究建立了一套精准、高效的耐盐性鉴定体系, 筛选到36份高耐盐材料和1份高敏感材料, 为棉花耐盐机制研究和培育耐盐新品种提供参考。

关键词: 棉花, 萌发期, 耐盐性, 综合评价

Abstract:

Seed germination stage is sensitive to salt. The determination of cotton seed germination under different salt concentration stress is one of the important bases for screening cotton salt-tolerant germplasm. In this study, 629 cotton germplasm resources were treated with 0 mmol L-1 and 150 mmol L-1 NaCl, and the salt tolerance coefficients of 6 traits such as fresh weight and germination potential were analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences in each trait under salt stress compared with the control. Principal component analysis and membership function analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the salt tolerance of cotton germplasm. Cluster analysis was carried out on the comprehensive evaluation value (D-value), and 629 germplasm resources were divided into 5 categories according to the D-value: 188 medium salt-tolerant materials, 376 salt-tolerant materials, 36 high salt-tolerant materials, 28 salt-sensitive materials, 1 high salt-sensitive material. A prediction model for salt tolerance evaluation of cotton at germination stage was established by stepwise regression analysis: D = 0.277RFW + 0.29RGP + 0.189RPL + 0.387RGR-0.32 (R2 =0.992). Four indexes of fresh weight, hypocotyl length, germination potential, and germination rate were selected as the indexes of salt tolerance identification in cotton germination stage. In this study, a set of accurate and efficient salt tolerance identification system was established, and 4 high salt-tolerant materials and 1 high salt-sensitive material were screened, which providing the reference for the study of salt tolerance mechanism and the cultivation of new salt tolerant varieties in cotton.

Key words: cotton, germination stage, salt tolerance, comprehensive evaluation

图1

5个棉花品种在不同浓度盐胁迫处理下的性状差异和耐盐系数变化曲线 a~e: 性状差异; f~j: 耐盐系数变化曲线。FW: 鲜重; SL: 幼苗全长; RL: 胚根长; GR: 发芽率; RFW: 相对鲜重; RSL: 相对幼苗全长; RRL: 相对胚根长; RGR: 相对发芽率。"

图2

对照与盐胁迫下棉花的表型性状 CK: 正常处理; ST: 盐胁迫; ST-CK: 盐胁迫与对照的均值差; ***代表P < 0.001。"

表1

盐胁迫下629份棉花品种(系)的表型性状"

处理
Treatment		 参数
Parameter		 鲜重
Fresh weight
(g)		 幼苗全长
Seedlings length (cm)		 胚根长
Root length (cm)		 下胚轴长Hypocotyl length (cm) 发芽势
Germination potential (%)		 发芽率
Germination rate (%)
对照 最大值Max. 0.85 25.59 15.18 12.60 1.00 1.00
Control 最小值Min. 0.39 10.75 5.29 3.93 0.71 0.79
平均值Average 0.61 17.35 10.09 7.26 0.97 0.98
标准差SD 0.07 2.22 1.57 1.31 0.04 0.03
变异系数CV (%) 12.21 12.79 15.55 18.01 4.52 2.79
盐处理 最大值Max. 0.69 18.19 11.98 8.82 1.00 1.00
Salt treatment 最小值Min. 0.18 3.78 2.09 1.42 0.14 0.37
平均值Average 0.42 10.88 6.73 4.15 0.81 0.88
标准差SD 0.07 2.14 1.50 1.17 0.10 0.08
变异系数CV (%) 16.81 19.64 22.35 28.12 12.98 8.96
较对照变化 变化值Variation -0.19 -6.47 -3.36 -3.11 -0.16 -0.10
Comparison with the control 变化百分比
Percentage of variation (%)		 -31.57 -37.27 -33.30 -42.78 -16.52 -9.93

表2

棉花各性状的耐盐系数"

系数
Coefficient		 相对鲜重
RFW		 相对幼苗全长
RSL		 相对胚根长
RRL		 相对下胚轴长
RHL		 相对发芽势
RGP		 相对发芽率
RGR
最大值Max. 1.08 1.05 1.31 1.41 1.13 1.13
最小值Min. 0.31 0.24 0.22 0.20 0.19 0.42
平均值Average 0.69 0.63 0.68 0.58 0.83 0.90
标准差SD 0.11 0.13 0.17 0.17 0.11 0.08
变异系数CV (%) 16.02 19.83 25.13 29.12 12.65 8.57

表3

棉花各性状耐盐系数的相关性分析"

性状
Trait		 相对鲜重
RFW		 相对幼苗全长
RSL		 相对胚根长
RRL		 相对下胚轴长
RHL		 相对发芽势
RGP		 相对发芽率
RGR
相对鲜重RFW 1
相对幼苗全长RSL 0.762** 1
相对胚根长RRL 0.485** 0.803** 1
相对下胚轴长RHL 0.688** 0.656** 0.106** 1
相对发芽势RGP 0.174** 0.124** 0.093* 0.112** 1
相对发芽率RGR 0.194** 0.141** 0.147** 0.077 0.771** 1

表4

棉花各性状耐盐系数的主成分分析"

指标名称
Item name		 特征向量 Eigen vector
PC1 PC2 PC3
相对鲜重 RFW 0.875 -0.166 0.192
相对幼苗全长 RSL 0.935 -0.260 -0.150
相对胚根长 RRL 0.699 -0.162 -0.691
相对下胚轴长 RHL 0.709 -0.215 0.634
相对发芽势 RGP 0.371 0.864 0.050
相对发芽率 RGR 0.389 0.857 -0.031
特征值Eigen value 2.919 1.649 0.942
贡献率Contribution ratio (%) 48.65 27.48 15.71
累计贡献率Cumulative contribution ratio (%) 48.65 76.13 91.84
权重Weight 0.530 0.299 0.171

图3

629份棉花耐盐性聚类分析"

表5

高耐盐材料种质、D值及排名"

编号
Code		 种质
Germpalsm name		 D值
D-value		 排名 Rank 编号
Code		 种质
Germpalsm name		 D值
D-value		 排名 Rank
ST542 天云07164 Tianyun 07164 0.824 1 ST480 86-27 0.728 19
ST624 晋棉25 Jinmian 25 0.818 2 ST548 河南抗黄 Henankanghuang 0.728 20
ST620 冀棉19 Jimian 19 0.817 3 ST566 Sic74 0.721 21
ST450 14-23*9-2 0.812 4 ST584 惠远14 Huiyuan 14 0.720 22
ST83 中棉所17 Zhongmiansuo 17 0.771 5 ST603 44-35 0.719 23
ST210 苏棉11 Sumian 11 0.770 6 ST175 鲁棉29 Lumian 29 0.718 24
ST40 新陆中3号 Xinluzhong 3 0.768 7 ST144 苏棉10号 Sumian 10 0.716 25
ST221 皖棉8号 Wanmian 8 0.761 8 ST347 鄂岱棉 Edaimian 0.713 26
ST219 宛棉1号 Wanmian 1 0.760 9 ST582 惠远12 Huiyuan 12 0.713 27
ST154 晋中200 Jinzhong 200 0.758 10 ST189 宁棉7号 Ningmian 7 0.709 28
ST486 9-8*41-79 0.755 11 ST216 苏棉19 Sumian 19 0.709 29
ST622 锦棉5号 Jinmian 5 0.751 12 ST26 冀棉3号 Jimian 3 0.708 30
ST15 辽棉9号 Liaomian 9 0.750 13 ST503 ZB0848 0.706 31
ST312 新陆中20 Xinluzhong 20 0.748 14 ST426 标杂A父本 Biaoza A male parent 0.704 32
ST586 新石K25 Xinshi K25 0.748 15 ST88 晋棉8号 Jinmian 8 0.703 33
ST225 协作2号 Xiezuo 2 0.733 16 ST207 泗阳331 Siyang 331 0.703 34
ST305 新陆中34 Xinluzhong 34 0.730 17 ST208 苏棉6号 Sumian 6 0.699 35
ST194 陕401 Shaan 401 0.729 18 ST531 C2 0.698 36
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