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作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (2): 324-333.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.44114

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

多环境下花生含油量遗传及QTL定位分析

胡朋举1(), 郭颂1,2, 宋亚辉1, 金欣欣1, 苏俏1, 杨永庆1,*(), 王瑾1,*()   

  1. 1河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 / 河北省作物遗传育种重点实验室, 河北石家庄 050035
    2河北农业大学农学院, 河北保定 071001
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-17 接受日期:2024-10-25 出版日期:2025-02-12 网络出版日期:2024-11-11
  • 通讯作者: 王瑾, E-mail: wangjinnky@163.com;杨永庆, E-mail: yyq287346@163.com
  • 作者简介:E-mail: hpj0102@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13);河北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(HBCT2024040101);河北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(HBCT2024040204);河北省现代种业科技创新专项(21326316D);河北省农林科学院基本科研业务费(2024060206)

Genetic and QTL mapping analysis of oil content in peanut across multiple environments

HU Peng-Ju1(), GUO Song1,2, SONG Ya-Hui1, JIN Xin-Xin1, SU Qiao1, YANG Yong-Qing1,*(), WANG Jin1,*()   

  1. 1Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences / Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China
    2College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
  • Received:2024-07-17 Accepted:2024-10-25 Published:2025-02-12 Published online:2024-11-11
  • Contact: E-mail: wangjinnky@163.com; E-mail: yyq287346@163.com
  • Supported by:
    China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-13);Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System of Hebei Province(HBCT2024040101);Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System of Hebei Province(HBCT2024040204);Special Project of Modern Seed Industry Science and Technology Innovation in Hebei Province(21326316D);Basic Research Funds of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences(2024060206)

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摘要： 高油是培育优质花生品种的关键指标之一, 揭示多环境下花生含油量的遗传机制, 挖掘提升花生含油量的遗传位点, 为高油花生育种提供依据。本研究以冀花6号和开选01-6构建的重组自交系(RIL)为材料, 在6个环境下对花生含油量进行遗传解析和QTL定位分析。结果显示, RIL群体含油量在6个环境下的偏度和峰度绝对值均小于1, 广义遗传率为0.799, 表明该群体含油量表型变异主要由多基因数量位点决定。共检测到18个与含油量相关的QTL, LOD值为13.62~22.58, 可解释3.18%~14.83%的表型变异, 其中qOC_8-1是最稳定的主效QTL, 增效基因来源于冀花6号。多环境下QTL联合分析结果显示, 共检测到11个与含油量相关的QTL, LOD值为5.59~16.87, 可解释2.32%~7.69%的表型变异, 7个QTL增效基因来源于冀花6号, 4个位点的增效基因来源于开选01-6。此外, 还检测到9对上位性效应QTL, 共涉及13个遗传位点。这些互作QTL位点的LOD值为8.54~10.90, 上位性效应QTL对表型贡献率为1.91%~2.55%。综上表明, 花生含油量受多个遗传位点调控, qOC_8-1是具有育种价值的QTL, 不同遗传位点间存在互作效应。研究结果为今后精细化分子育种工作提供了必要信息。

关键词: 花生, 含油量, 重组自交系, 多环境, QTL

Abstract:

High oil content is a crucial trait for breeding high-quality peanut varieties. Understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying peanut oil content across multiple environments and identifying valuable genetic loci that enhance oil content would provide a strong foundation for developing high-oil peanut cultivars. In this study, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, derived from Jihua 5 and Kaixuan01-6, was used for genetic dissection and QTL mapping of oil content across six environments. The results showed that the absolute values of skewness and kurtosis for oil content in the RIL population across the six environments were less than 1, and the broad-sense heritability was 0.799. A total of 18 QTLs were identified, with LOD scores ranging from 13.62 to 22.58, accounting for 3.18% to 14.83% of the phenotypic variation. Notably, qOC_8-1 emerged as the most stable and major QTL, with the increasing allele contributed by Jihua 6. Joint QTL analysis across multiple environments revealed 11 QTLs associated with oil content, with LOD scores ranging from 5.59 to 16.87, explaining 2.32% to 7.69% of the phenotypic variation. Among these, seven additive alleles were derived from Jihua 6, while four were from Kaixuan01-6. Additionally, nine pairs of epistatic QTLs involving 13 loci were detected, with LOD scores ranging from 8.54 to 10.90, contributing to 1.91% to 2.55% of the phenotypic variation. In conclusion, these results indicate that peanut oil content is regulated by multiple genetic loci, with interaction effects between different loci. qOC_8-1 is a particularly valuable QTL for breeding high-oil peanut cultivars. This study provides valuable insights for future precision molecular breeding efforts targeting oil content improvement.

Key words: peanut, oil content, recombinant inbred line, multiple environments, QTL

表1

多环境下RIL群体的含油量遗传分析"

环境
Environment		 亲本 Parents RIL群体 RIL population 遗传力
h2b
冀花6号
Jihua 6		 开选01-6
Kaixuan01-6		 平均值
Mean		 变异率
CV (%)		 偏度
Skew		 峰度
Kurt		 最大值
Max.		 最小值
Min.
2021堤上2021_DS 48.90 46.50 49.55±2.06 3.87 -0.02 -0.54 53.63 45.11 0.799
2021农场2021_NC 54.69 52.60 55.12±1.97 3.28 -0.14 -0.51 58.95 51.07
2020堤上2020_DS 52.80 50.93 51.90±2.20 4.22 0.24 -0.43 57.56 47.20
2020农场2020_NC 55.63 54.73 54.88±1.98 3.35 0.01 -0.51 59.24 50.47
2019堤上2019_DS 49.12 46.59 48.39±2.30 3.85 0.07 -0.52 52.77 44.36
2019农场2019_NC 50.65 44.02 50.06±1.87 4.22 0.10 -0.32 55.82 45.19

图1

多环境下RIL群体的差异分析 2019_DS, 2019_NC, 2020_DS, 2020_NC, 2021_DS和2021_NC分别代表2019年堤上, 2019年农场, 2020年堤上, 2020年农场, 2021年堤上和2021年农场环境; 箱线图上不同字母表示在5%概率水平差异显著。"

表2

单个环境中检测到与油性状相关的QTL"

QTL 环境
Environment		 染色体
Chromosome		 遗传位置
Genetic
position (cM)		 标记区间
Marker interval		 LOD 表型贡献率
Phenotype variation
explained (%)		 加性效应
Add
qOC_1 2019农场2019_NC A01 99 Chr.1_17041112-Chr.1_39587773 3.73 5.23 0.56
qOC_5-1 2020堤上2020_DS A05 59 Chr.5_92369574-aChr.5_92314561 6.20 6.13 0.62
qOC_5-2 2020堤上2020_DS A05 65 Chr.5_88602874-Chr.5_87333440 13.62 14.83 -0.97
qOC_5-3 2019堤上2019_DS A05 38 Chr.5_112588877-Chr.5_103400905 3.40 5.25 0.43
qOC_6 2021堤上2021_DS A06 194 Chr.6_115036230-Chr.6_113418598 6.50 9.82 -0.62
2020堤上2020_DS A06 196 Chr.6_113418598-Chr.6_110554561 6.42 6.79 -0.72
qOC_7 2021堤上2021_DS A07 52 Chr.7_11165495-Chr.7_11024783 2.58 3.80 -0.36
qOC_8-1 2021堤上2021_DS A08 82 Chr.8_43017160-aChr.8_43769761 6.92 10.89 0.61
2021农场2021_NC A08 90 Chr.8_45318531-Chr.8_46776535 4.28 9.98 0.81
2019堤上2019_DS A08 86 Chr.8_44595184-Chr.8_44888621 6.58 10.63 0.61
qOC_8-2 2021堤上2021_DS A08 70 Chr.8_38175606-Chr.8_39187496 7.33 11.12 0.62
2020堤上2020_DS A08 72 Chr.8_39187496-Chr.8_39946631 7.05 7.11 0.69
qOC_15 2021堤上2021_DS B05 0 Chr.15_154162543-Chr.15_154040139 4.30 6.19 0.46
2020堤上2020_DS B05 5 Chr.15_153256665-Chr.15_152999090 3.22 3.18 0.45
qOC_16-1 2020农场2020_NC B06 89 Chr.16_145058362-Chr.16_143948913 2.88 7.41 -0.57
2019堤上2019_DS B06 92 Chr.16_143683426-Chr.16_143129559 8.44 14.12 -0.77
qOC_16-2 2019农场2019_NC B06 135 Chr.16_14299433-Chr.16_13661776 2.97 4.11 -0.50
qOC_18 2019农场2019_NC B08 8 Chr.18_115185289-Chr.18_19854766 5.41 8.16 0.72
qOC_19 2021堤上2021_DS B09 66 Chr.19_156823676-Chr.19_156972327 2.83 4.06 0.37

图2

单个环境中检测到与油性状相关的QTL"

表3

加性QTL ×环境互作效应对RIL群体含油量性状的影响"

QTL 染色体
Chromosome		 遗传位置
Genetic position (cM)		 标记区间
Marker interval		 LOD 表型贡献率
PVE (%)		 表型贡献率
PVE (%)		 加性效应
Add		 QTL与环境互作效应
Interaction effect between additive QTL and environment
A (%) AE (%) AE1 AE2 AE3 AE4 AE5 AE6
qOC_5-1 A05 59 Chr.5_92369574-aChr.5_92314561 7.43 3.10 0.08 3.02 0.05 −0.02 −0.25 0.59 −0.16 −0.18 0.01
qOC_5-2 A05 65 Chr.5_88602874-Chr.5_87333440 16.87 7.69 3.69 4.00 −0.31 0.26 0.03 −0.66 0.04 −0.01 0.34
qOC_6 A06 195 Chr.6_113418598-Chr.6_110554561 11.97 4.12 2.17 1.95 −0.26 −0.34 0.20 −0.34 0.26 0.07 0.15
qOC_8-1 A08 71 Chr.8_39187496-Chr.8_39946631 15.01 5.31 3.48 1.83 0.31 0.28 −0.18 0.32 −0.08 −0.26 −0.09
qOC_8-2 A08 82 Chr.8_43017160-aChr.8_43769761 8.41 2.78 1.41 1.37 0.19 0.38 −0.20 −0.05 0.08 −0.07 −0.14
qOC_8-3 A08 92 Chr.8_45318531-Chr.8_46776535 6.62 4.57 2.72 1.86 0.27 −0.10 0.47 −0.18 0.05 −0.05 −0.17
qOCm_9 A09 160 Chr.9_114373329-Chr.9_114634199 5.65 2.32 1.75 0.57 0.21 −0.08 −0.13 −0.06 0.21 −0.07 0.12
qOC_15 B05 0 Chr.15_154162543-Chr.15_154040139 8.01 3.10 1.88 1.22 0.22 0.24 −0.15 −0.26 0.04 0.20 −0.06
qOC_16-1 B06 93 Chr.16_143683426-Chr.16_143129559 8.87 3.16 0.85 2.31 −0.16 0.17 0.16 0.18 0.10 −0.03 −0.58
qOC_16-2 B06 134 Chr.16_14299433-Chr.16_13661776 6.18 3.01 0.49 2.52 −0.11 0.07 0.42 0.11 0.00 −0.39 −0.21
qOC_18 B08 8 Chr.18_115185289-Chr.18_19854766 7.13 3.45 1.60 1.85 0.21 −0.23 −0.09 −0.18 0.02 0.45 0.03

图3

6种环境下RIL群体含油量性状的加性QTL × 环境互作效应 红色QTL表示2种环境中检测到的QTL, 黑色QTL表示在多个环境中检测到的QTL。"

表4

多环境下RIL群体油份含量上位性QTL分析"

染色体
Chr.		 遗传位置
Genetic Position
(cM)		 标记区间
Marker interval		 染色体
Chr.		 遗传位置
Genetic position (cM)		 标记区间
Marker interval		 LOD值
LOD		 表型贡献率
PVE (%)		 加性效应1
Add 1		 加性效应2
Add 2		 加性互作效应
Add by Add
1 0 Chr.1_87382263-Chr.1_110960817 6 25 Chr.6_1190858-Chr.6_6246195 8.54 2.13 −0.03 −0.01 0.26
4 0 Chr.4_5980447-Chr.4_6698877 7 85 Chr.7_3548350-Chr.7_3251821 10.38 2.55 −0.08 −0.03 −0.34
2 45 Chr.2_93214445-Chr.2_93495419 7 95 Chr.7_2736399-Chr.7_2188838 8.63 1.99 0.12 −0.08 −0.30
3 45 Chr.3_132570564-Chr.3_132141869 8 60 Chr.8_31990696-Chr.8_33619353 8.99 2.21 −0.04 0.05 −0.30
9 5 Chr.9_6070868-Chr.9_10503227 9 145 Chr.9_102356800-Chr.9_109637955 10.90 2.50 0.03 0.09 −0.32
2 95 Chr.2_100757247-Chr.2_100589540 15 120 Chr.15_21457049-Chr.15_151853254 8.61 1.91 0.00 −0.14 0.28
15 25 Chr.15_148032512-Chr.15_141399285 16 105 Chr.16_136604513-Chr.16_136397773 9.22 2.47 0.10 −0.08 −0.34
7 90 Chr.7_2902588-Chr.7_2736399 17 80 Chr.17_4590413-Chr.17_10433190 8.91 2.35 −0.14 0.08 −0.30
9 145 Chr.9_102356800-Chr.9_109637955 19 15 Chr.19_14174336-Chr.19_14628592 9.73 2.53 0.07 0.02 −0.30

图4

多环境下RIL群体油份含量上位性QTL分析"

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