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作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (1): 260-272.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.31086

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

青稞分蘖角度的QTL定位

杨景发(), 余鑫莲, 姚有华, 姚晓华, 王蕾, 吴昆仑(), 李新()   

  1. 青海大学农林科学院 / 青海省作物分子育种重点实验室 / 青海省青稞遗传育种重点实验室 / 青藏高原种质资源研究与利用实验室 / 青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室, 青海西宁 810016
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-29 接受日期:2024-09-18 出版日期:2025-01-12 网络出版日期:2024-10-10
  • 通讯作者: *吴昆仑, E-mail: wklqaaf@sina.com; 李新, E-mail: lixinyynq@163.com
  • 作者简介:E-mail: yjf154799@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32160493);青海省作物分子育种重点实验室(2023-1_1);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-05-01A-05)

QTL mapping of tiller angle in qingke (Hordeum vulgare L.)

YANG Jing-Fa(), YU Xin-Lian, YAO You-Hua, YAO Xiao-Hua, WANG Lei, WU Kun-Lun(), LI Xin()   

  1. Agriculture and Forestry Academy, Qinghai University / Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding / Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding / Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources / State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
  • Received:2023-12-29 Accepted:2024-09-18 Published:2025-01-12 Published online:2024-10-10
  • Contact: *E-mail: wklqaaf@sina.com; E-mail: lixinyynq@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160493);Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding(2023-1_1);China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-05-01A-05)

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摘要：

分蘖角度是青稞株型的主要构成因素, 在提高青稞产量与抗倒伏性中发挥着极为重要的作用。为解析青稞分蘖角度的遗传机制, 本研究以青稞品种‘达章紫’ (株型松散)和‘昆仑10号’ (株型紧凑)为亲本构建的RIL群体为材料, 基于高密度遗传图谱, 在多环境中进行青稞分蘖角度的QTL定位, 并利用RIL群体衍生的剩余杂合系, 对鉴定到的主效QTL qTA7H-1进行精细定位。在青稞7条染色体上共检测到9个控制分蘖角度的QTL, 解释表型变异为6.41%~33.57%, 其中, qTA3H-1和qTA7H-1为多环境共检测的主效QTL, 平均加性效应分别为5.42° (增效)和-3.87° (减效); 在减效QTL qTA7H-1初定位区间筛选到4个剩余杂合体, 自交衍生F8:9近等基因系, 在置信区间内加密设计14对分子标记对RHL群体极端单株进行检测, 利用获得的5种交换类型单株, 将qTA7H-1进一步界定在PC08 (32,252,397)与PA10 (41,790,765)约9.54 Mb的物理区间内。本研究初步揭示调控青稞分蘖角度的遗传因子, 为开展分蘖角度性状的遗传改良与分子设计育种奠定了基础。

关键词: 青稞, 分蘖角度, QTL定位, 主效位点

Abstract:

Tiller angle (TA) is a crucial component of qingke (hulless barley) architecture, significantly influencing lodging resistance and grain yield. To investigate the genetic basis of TA, we constructed a high-density genetic linkage map using reduced- representation genome sequencing on recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from two parental lines: ‘Dazhangzi’ (characterized by a loose plant architecture) and ‘Kunlun 10’ (characterized by a compact plant architecture). Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping was performed based on phenotypic data collected from multiple environments. Additionally, residual hybrid lines (RHLs) derived from the RILs were used to expand the population and fine-map the major QTL, qTA7H-1. A total of nine QTLs associated with TA were identified across seven chromosomes in qingke, with phenotypic variation explained (PVE) ranging from 6.41% to 33.57%. Two QTLs, qTA3H-1 and qTA7H-1, were consistently detected across various environmental conditions, showing average additive effects of 5.42° (increasing TA) and -3.87° (decreasing TA), respectively. Four RHLs were selected within the initial localization interval of qTA7H-1, and F8:9 near-isogenic lines (NILs) were developed through self-pollination. To further refine the mapping, fourteen pairs of molecular markers were designed and densely placed within the QTL’s confidence interval, targeting the extreme single lines of the RHLs. Ultimately, qTA7H-1 was fine-mapped to a 9.54 Mb physical interval between markers PC08 (32,252,397) and PA10 (41,790,765) using five types of recombinant individuals. Taken together, this study elucidates the genetic factors controlling TA, providing a foundation for genetic improvement and molecular breeding of qingke with optimized architecture.

Key words: qingke, tiller angle, QTL mapping, major genetic locus

图1

青稞分蘖角度测量示意图"

表1

精细定位所用分子标记"

引物名称
Primer name		 正向引物
Forward primer (5′-3′)		 反向引物
Reverse primer (5′-3′)
PA04 TTCCAATGTGGCAGTCATCTATGT GTGTGAAACTCACACAAGCATAGTCC
PA05 AATAAACACCAACGGCAGGTTATG ATGGTTGGTGGAACCTTCTCATTA
PA07 AGCATGACTCTCATATCACCATCT ACGGTGTGGTGTTTTATGGATATT
PA10 TTCACAGAAAGGTGACATGAGGAT CTTCACTAAACGGGGTAATAAGCG
PA11 CTGCTATTTAGTAGTAGGGCGTGT TGGCACTACTAGGGAAACACTATG
PA12 TGACTGCTTCCGCTGAGATATTTA TGAATTCTGGAGTCTTCCCTTTGT
PA14 GGGTCTACCTTATGGGCTACTCTA AATGCATGATGAAAAGTGGTGTGT
PC01 AAGGAACCATAGCTCTTGTTTTGC GACTTCACCAACAGAGTCCTAGAG
PC06 CAAAAGGCATAATTCACATAGCCG GCCAAGGCGAACAAGAACAG
PC07 GCCAACCTGAGCCTAACTTAAATC ACACTGTACATATTGGCAAGTCCT
PC08 TAGCACTCTAGTCCAATGTCGAAC AGTTTATCAAGCTTCCCGATCCAT
PC11 TATTCCATTGCTTGATGCTGATCG AAACTTCGGTAAAGAGACGAGACA
PC12 CTACGGACGAAAACAAACGAGAAA CCTCACCTAATAAGTTCTGCTGGT
PC13 TGGAGTGTAATTTCTAACTCCGCA ACTCGTGTTAGTTGTCTAGAGTGG

表2

亲本及重组自交系群体在4个环境下分蘖角度的表型分布"

环境
Environment		 亲本 Parents F1 (°) RIL群体 RIL lines 遗传力
H2
达章紫
DZZ (°)		 昆仑10号
KL10 (°)		 范围
Range (°)		 平均值±SD
Mean ± SD (°)		 偏度
Skewness		 峰度
Kurtosis
2022YM 57.17±16.82 30.42±4.26* 37.47±3.09 15.97-52.35 32.01±7.58 0.56 0.11 0.86
2023MY 40.01±6.31 27.19±2.15** 39.46±7.38 16.94-49.24 31.92±7.77 0.42 0.05
2023XN 64.48±7.07 32.74±5.54** 39.91±14.62 24.09-83.77 43.11±11.07 1.08 1.69
2024XN 57.56±10.73 24.94±3.74** 32.23±3.23 21.78-73.22 40.21±11.29 0.76 0.12

图2

达章紫/昆仑10号重组自交系、亲本及F1的分蘖角度表型在4个环境下的分布特征 缩写同表2。"

表3

分蘖角度在不同环境下的相关性"

环境
Environment		 2022元谋
2022YM		 2023西宁
2023XN		 2023门源
2023MY		 2024西宁
2024XN
2022YM 1.000
2023XN 0.229* 1.000
2023MY 0.008 0.337** 1.000
2024XN 0.154* 0.298** 0.260** 1.000

图3

青稞高密度遗传图谱与参考基因组共线性分析 a: 标记在各连锁群上的分布; b: 遗传连锁图谱与参考基因组之间的共线性分析。"

图4

检测到的9个分蘖角度QTL在染色体上的分布 彩色标记代表不同的QTL位点。"

表4

青稞分蘖角度QTL信息"

位点
QTL locus		 染色体
Chr.		 环境
Environment		 侧翼标记
Flanking markers		 阈值
LOD		 表型贡献率
R²
(%)		 加性效应
Additive effect (°)		 遗传区间
Confidence interval (cM)
qTA1H-1 1H 2022YM c01b155-c01b158 3.77 10.31 3.18 121.00-123.40
qTA1H-2 1H 2022YM c01b172-c01b176 2.56 6.73 2.53 132.70-133.90
qTA3H-1 3H 2022YM c03b001-c03b006 2.60 6.97 2.08 0-2.40
2023XN c03b001-c03b006 4.73 11.89 4.59 0-2.40
2024XN c03b001-c03b008 2.90 10.79 3.76 0-4.50
2022YM (BSA) c03b001-c03b006 2.46 11.89 4.18 0-2.50
2022XN (BSA) c03b001-c03b004 5.04 25.61 12.51 0-1.50
qTA3H-2 3H 2023XN c03b016-c03b023 2.55 6.70 3.30 8.80-12.90
qTA3H-3 3H 2024XN c03b037-c03b039 3.10 11.50 3.84 26.60-29.70
qTA4H-1 4H 2023MY c04b136-c04b142 2.85 8.09 1.82 119.60-127.00
qTA6H-1 6H 2023MY c06b121-c06b130 2.65 6.41 3.11 120.90-129.40
qTA7H-1 7H 2022YM c07b022-c07b033 4.23 12.56 3.00 26.80-43.50
2023MY c07b025-c07b033 2.69 7.56 1.73 28.80-43.30
2022YM (BSA) c07b026-c07b027 4.66 32.25 6.89 30.50-34.50
qTA7H-2 7H 2024XN c07b159-c07b165 3.15 11.69 3.87 130.80-133.50
2024XN (BSA) c07b161-c07b162 10.40 33.57 13.42 131.50-133.50

图5

主效位点qTA7H-1在RIL群体中的遗传效应 +和-: 携带和不携带qTA7H-1正效应位点的株系; n: 株系数。缩写同表2。"

图6

青稞分蘖角度主效QTL qTA7H-1的精细定位"

表5

qTA7H-1区间内候选基因的功能注释"

基因名称Gene ID 基因注释功能Function
HORVU7Hr1G022220 Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase
HORVU7Hr1G022230 SCP-like extracellular protein
HORVU7Hr1G022250 Nucleoside-triphosphatase
HORVU7Hr1G022270 Phox domain-containing protein
HORVU7Hr1G022310 No apical meristem protein
HORVU7Hr1G022340 F-box family protein
HORVU7Hr1G022410 RNA recognition motif containing protein
HORVU7Hr1G022430 Photosystem II P680 chlorophyll A apoprotein
HORVU7Hr1G022440 OsLonP2: putative lon protease homologue
HORVU7Hr1G022480 Cytochrome P450
HORVU7Hr1G022500 6-phosphofructokinase
HORVU7Hr1G022510 Rad21/Rec8 like protein
HORVU7Hr1G022550 Bacterial transferase hexapeptide domain containing protein
HORVU7Hr1G022560 Dual specificity protein phosphatase
HORVU7Hr1G022570 Profilin domain containing protein
HORVU7Hr1G022580 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase
HORVU7Hr1G022680 Nucleoside-triphosphatase
HORVU7Hr1G022700 DUF803 domain containing
HORVU7Hr1G022720 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase
HORVU7Hr1G022770 SnRK1-interacting protein 1
HORVU7Hr1G022780 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase
HORVU7Hr1G022810 Expressed protein
HORVU7Hr1G022820 Ulp1 protease family, protein
HORVU7Hr1G022910 Transporter family protein
HORVU7Hr1G022940 Expressed protein
HORVU7Hr1G022970 Peptidase, T1 family
HORVU7Hr1G022980 ATEXO70G1
HORVU7Hr1G023000 Nodulin
HORVU7Hr1G023010 Integral membrane protein DUF6 containing protein
HORVU7Hr1G023030 Cytokinin-O-glucosyltransferase 2
HORVU7Hr1G023070 Methyltransferase
HORVU7Hr1G023140 2Fe-2S iron-sulfur cluster binding
HORVU7Hr1G023150 WAX2
HORVU7Hr1G023210 GDSL-like lipase/acylhydrolase
HORVU7Hr1G023250 Expressed protein
HORVU7Hr1G023260 Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 12
HORVU7Hr1G023270 Containing protein
HORVU7Hr1G023280 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase
HORVU7Hr1G023320 Male sterility protein
HORVU7Hr1G023380 Phytosulfokine receptor precursor
HORVU7Hr1G023410 Hypothetical protein
HORVU7Hr1G023450 Hypothetical protein
HORVU7Hr1G023500 Cysteine synthase, chloroplast/chromoplast precursor
HORVU7Hr1G023530 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase
HORVU7Hr1G023560 Serine esterase family protein
HORVU7Hr1G023600 Expressed protein
HORVU7Hr1G023610 OsFBL27: F-box domain and LRR containing protein
HORVU7Hr1G023660 RGH1A
HORVU7Hr1G023730 RGH1A
HORVU7Hr1G023760 CGMC_MAPKCMGC_2_ERK.12: CGMC kinases
HORVU7Hr1G023770 RGH1A
HORVU7Hr1G023800 Expressed protein
HORVU7Hr1G023820 RGH1A
HORVU7Hr1G023890 Erythronate-4-phosphate dehydrogenase
HORVU7Hr1G023900 Flavin monooxygenase
HORVU7Hr1G023910 Flavin monooxygenase
HORVU7Hr1G023920 Expressed protein
HORVU7Hr1G023940 OsMADS25: MADS-box family gene
HORVU7Hr1G023970 Sulfotransferase domain containing protein
HORVU7Hr1G023980 IQ calmodulin-binding motif domain protein
HORVU7Hr1G023990 Expressed protein
HORVU7Hr1G024000 OsMADS25-MADS-box family gene
HORVU7Hr1G024010 MYB family transcription factor
HORVU7Hr1G024060 IQ calmodulin-binding domain containing protein
HORVU7Hr1G024190 GDSL-like lipase/acylhydrolase
HORVU7Hr1G024210 Uncharacterized protein ycf45
HORVU7Hr1G024220 GDSL-like lipase/acylhydrolase
HORVU7Hr1G024240 GDSL-like lipase/acylhydrolase
HORVU7Hr1G024250 GDSL-like lipase/acylhydrolase
HORVU7Hr1G024260 Transcription elongation factor 1
HORVU7Hr1G024270 Short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase
HORVU7Hr1G024310 Expressed protein
HORVU7Hr1G024350 AMP-binding enzyme
HORVU7Hr1G024370 Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 12
HORVU7Hr1G024400 Expressed protein
HORVU7Hr1G024450 Sas10/Utp3 family protein
HORVU7Hr1G024480 Chalcone and stilbene synthases
HORVU7Hr1G024550 Transposon protein, putative, unclassified
HORVU7Hr1G024590 Wax synthase
HORVU7Hr1G024600 DC1 domain-containing protein
HORVU7Hr1G024670 GDSL-like lipase/acylhydrolase
HORVU7Hr1G024690 Galactosyltransferase family protein
HORVU7Hr1G024790 Helix-loop-helix DNA-binding
HORVU7Hr1G024810 rRNA-processing protein FCF
HORVU7Hr1G024890 rRNA-processing protein FCF
HORVU7Hr1G024900 Glyoxalase resistance protein/dioxygenase
HORVU7Hr1G024920 OsFBDUF60: F-box protein
HORVU7Hr1G024930 OsSub18: putative Subtilisin homologue
HORVU7Hr1G024940 OsSub17: putative Subtilisin homologue
HORVU7Hr1G024950 OsSub17: Putative Subtilisin homologue
HORVU7Hr1G024960 ABC transporter, ATP-binding protein
HORVU7Hr1G024980 ABC transporter, ATP-binding protein
HORVU7Hr1G024990 Histone H3
HORVU7Hr1G025000 ABC transporter, ATP-binding protein
HORVU7Hr1G025040 ABC transporter, ATP-binding protein
HORVU7Hr1G025110 ABC transporter, ATP-binding protein
HORVU7Hr1G025130 Thioesterase family protein
HORVU7Hr1G025160 Histone H3
HORVU7Hr1G025200 Histone H3
HORVU7Hr1G025230 ABC transporter, ATP-binding protein
HORVU7Hr1G025240 Cytochrome P450
HORVU7Hr1G025300 Proline-rich cell wall protein-like
HORVU7Hr1G025340 Cytochrome P450
HORVU7Hr1G025390 Starch synthase
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