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作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (3): 687-895.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.44087

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

兼抗黄曲霉侵染和产毒高油酸花生新种质的创制与评价

晋高锐1(), 吴小丽2(), 邓丽3, 陈玉宁1, 喻博伦1, 郭建斌1, 丁膺宾1, 刘念1, 罗怀勇1, 陈伟刚1, 黄莉1, 周小静1, 淮东欣1, 谭家壮2, 姜慧芳1, 任丽3, 雷永1, 廖伯寿1,*()   

  1. 1中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 / 农业农村部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430062
    2湛江市农业科学研究院, 广东湛江 524094
    3开封市农林科学研究院, 河南开封 475004
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-27 接受日期:2024-09-18 出版日期:2025-03-12 网络出版日期:2024-10-08
  • 通讯作者: *廖伯寿, E-mail: lboshou@hotmail.com
  • 作者简介:晋高锐, E-mail: jgr0315@163.com;
    吴小丽, E-mail: 95573962@qq.com

    **同等贡献

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1202800);国家自然科学基金项目(32101708);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13);国家科技资源共享服务平台项目(NCGRC-2023-036)

Development and characterization of novel peanut genetic stocks with high oleic acid and enhanced resistance both to Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin production

JIN Gao-Rui1(), WU Xiao-Li2(), DENG Li3, CHEN Yu-Ning1, YU Bo-Lun1, GUO Jian-Bin1, DING Ying-Bin1, LIU Nian1, LUO Huai-Yong1, CHEN Wei-Gang1, HUANG Li1, ZHOU Xiao-Jing1, HUAI Dong-Xin1, TAN Jia-Zhuang2, JIANG Hui-Fang1, REN Li3, LEI Yong1, LIAO Bo-Shou1,*()   

  1. 1Oil Crops Research Institute, China Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China
    2Zhanjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524094, Guangdong, China
    3Kaifeng Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
  • Received:2024-05-27 Accepted:2024-09-18 Published:2025-03-12 Published online:2024-10-08
  • Contact: *E-mail: lboshou@hotmail.com
  • About author:

    **Contributed equally to this work

  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1202800);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32101708);China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-13);National Crop Germplasm Resources Center(NCGRC-2023-036)

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摘要：

高油酸花生可延长产品货架期和更有利于人体健康, 推进高油酸化是国内外花生育种和产业发展的重要方向。然而, 花生是易受黄曲霉菌侵染和产毒污染的农产品, 在推进高油酸化的进程中非常有必要提高花生对黄曲霉的抗性以保障食品安全性。本研究以高油酸花生种质开农H03-3与高产品种中花16为亲本构建的重组自交系群体(recombined inbreed line, RIL)为材料, 对油酸含量以及黄曲霉抗性在内的多性状进行了综合鉴定评价。研究发现, 亲本开农H03-3具有对黄曲霉菌侵染和产毒的双重抗性, 从该RIL群体分离的53份高油酸家系中鉴定出4份抗黄曲霉侵染、3份抗黄曲霉产毒材料, 其中2份高油酸家系(QT0790和QT0918)同时兼备籽仁抗黄曲霉菌侵染和抗产毒的特性。进一步比较发现, QT0790和QT0918不仅黄曲霉抗性优于2个亲本, 并且侵染抗性优于国际公认的抗侵染种质J11、产毒抗性优于抗产毒对照中花6号, 表明花生黄曲霉侵染和产毒抗性均存在微效基因的互补机制。经在5个不同生态区种植和测试, QT0790和QT0918油酸含量均在80%以上, 而且农艺性状总体较好。所发现的花生黄曲霉抗性遗传特性和创制的兼抗黄曲霉侵染与产毒的高油酸新种质, 为深化相关遗传机制研究和抗黄曲霉高油酸品种培育提供了材料基础。

关键词: 花生品种, 高油酸, 黄曲霉侵染抗性, 黄曲霉产毒抗性

Abstract:

High oleate peanut is a key focus for both varietal improvement and industry development worldwide due to its extended shelf life and potential health benefits. However, peanuts are highly susceptible to Aspergillus infection, leading to aflatoxin contamination, making it critical to enhance aflatoxin resistance in the development of the high oleate peanut industry to ensure food safety. In this study, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was developed by crossing the high oleic acid peanut genotype Kainong H03-3 with the high-yielding variety Zhonghua 16. The RILs were evaluated for oleic acid content and other traits, including their response to Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin formation. Notably, Kainong H03-3 exhibited resistance to both fungal infection and toxin production. Additionally, four lines resistant to fungal infection and three lines resistant to toxin formation were identified among the 53 high oleate lines segregated from the RILs. Of these, two high oleate lines, QT0790 and QT0918, demonstrated resistance to both fungal infection and aflatoxin production. Further analysis revealed that the aflatoxin resistance in QT0790 and QT0918 was not only superior to that of both parental genotypes, but also exceeded that of the well-known fungal infection-resistant genotype J11 and the toxin production-resistant variety Zhonghua 6. This suggests the presence of complementary effects among certain minor-effect genes/loci for both fungal infection and toxin production resistance, which could be valuable for improving or integrating resistance traits. Both QT0790 and QT0918 maintained stable oleic acid contents above 80% in samples harvested from five diverse ecological locations. The genetic effects observed in this study for minor genes/loci associated with aflatoxin resistance, along with the identification of resistant high oleate lines, provide valuable insights for further research into the underlying genetic mechanisms and for the development of peanut varieties with both high oleic acid content and enhanced resistance to aflatoxin contamination.

Key words: peanut genotypes, high oleic acid, Aspergillus flavus infection resistance, aflatoxin production resistance

图1

RIL群体油酸含量分布图 2020WH: 2020武汉; 2021WH: 2021武汉; 2021QZ: 2021泉州。"

图2

RIL群体侵染指数和产毒值分布图 2020WH: 2020武汉; 2021WH: 2021武汉; 2021QZ: 2021泉州。PSII: 侵染指数; AFT: 产毒值。"

表1

RIL群体油酸含量、侵染指数与产毒值之间的相关性分析"

环境
Environment		 性状
Trait		 油酸含量
Oleic acid content		 侵染指数
PSII		 产毒值
AFT
2020WH Oleic acid content 1.000
PSII 0.078 1.000
AFT -0.040 0.431** 1.000
2021WH Oleic acid content 1.000
PSII 0.035 1.000
AFT -0.187** 0.628** 1.000
2021QZ Oleic acid content 1.000
PSII -0.003 1.000
AFT -0.104 0.318** 1.000

表2

高油酸与非高油酸花生材料不同侵染指数和产毒值分布情况"

性状
Trait		 分类
Classification		 数量
Quantity		 I级
Level I		 II级
Level II		 III级
Level III		 IV级
Level IV		 V级
Level V
侵染指数PSII 非高油酸Non-high oleic 247 0 44 136 61 6
高油酸High-oleic 53 0 8 21 23 1
产毒值AFT 非高油酸Non-high oleic 247 34 147 95 17 8
高油酸High-oleic 53 8 27 13 3 2

表3

油酸含量和侵染指数线性趋势卡方检验"

项目
Item		 值
Value		 自由度
DF		 渐进显著性(双侧)
Asymptotic significance (two-side)
皮尔逊卡方Pearson chi-square 7.678 3 0.053
似然比Likelihood ratio 7.222 3 0.065
线性关联Linear-by-linear association 3.437 1 0.064
有效个案数Number of valid cases 300

表4

油酸含量和产毒值线性趋势卡方检验"

项目
Item		 值
Value		 自由度
DF		 渐进显著性(双侧)
Asymptotic significance (two-side)
皮尔逊卡方Pearson chi-square 1.518 4 0.823
似然比Likelihood ratio 1.510 4 0.825
线性关联Linear-by-linear association 0.331 1 0.565
有效个案数Number of valid cases 354

图3

高油酸家系侵染指数分布图 2020WH: 2020武汉; 2021WH: 2021武汉; 2021QZ: 2021泉州。PSII: 侵染指数。"

图4

高油酸家系黄曲霉产毒值分布图 2020WH: 2020武汉; 2021WH: 2021武汉; 2021QZ: 2021泉州。AFT: 产毒值。"

表5

抗黄曲霉侵染和产毒的高油酸家系"

家系
Line		 油酸含量
Oleic acid
content (%)		 侵染指数PSII (%) 产毒值AFT (μg g-1)
2020武汉
2020WH		 2021武汉
2021WH		 2021泉州
2021QZ		 2020武汉
2020WH		 2021武汉
2021WH		 2021泉州
2021QZ
QT0722 81.01 16.23 35.12 45.28 21.00 58.06 96.43
QT0790 80.18 42.33 34.96 56.31 14.04 18.34 28.48
QT0903 80.22 41.42 42.88 78.37 17.73 36.84 44.18
QT0918 79.91 14.27 31.72 57.19 8.49 25.18 33.15
QT1008 79.41 30.67 33.91 41.67 50.29 66.72 31.95
ZH16 46.81 79.56 76.35 88.33 110.43 129.67 123.67
KNH03-3 79.59 43.86 35.23 57.99 18.58 37.35 43.55
J11 42.58 45.12 36.33 59.42 35.45 53.11 62.98
ZH6 45.40 85.97 87.29 84.12 20.83 42.77 50.12

图5

不同生态区QT0790、QT0918和NJSU2007之间PSII和AFT的显著性差异 ***表示在0.001概率水平相关性显著; **表示在0.01概率水平相关性显著。NY: 南阳; TZ: 泰州; NC: 南充; HF: 合肥; TR: 铜仁。PSII: 侵染指数; AFT: 产毒值。"

表6

QT0790和QT0918不同生态区的农艺性状"

家系
Line		 性状
Trait		 南阳
Nanyang		 泰州
Taizhou		 南充Nanchong 合肥
Hefei		 铜仁
Tongren		 平均
Average
QT0790 主茎高 HMS (cm) 41.8 42.2 41.4 42.3 28.0 39.1
总分枝数 TBN 9.8 11.4 14.7 16.0 13.7 13.1
饱果数 FFN 33.3 15.8 15.4 29.1 18.1 22.3
百果重 HPW (g) 162.4 147.6 142.3 153.2 115.5 144.2
百粒重 HSW (g) 63.5 65.8 52.5 63.3 45.7 58.2
出仁率 SP (%) 62.3 70.4 70.6 72.9 66.6 68.6
QT0918 主茎高 HMS (cm) 45.0 33.7 37.0 54.1 28.8 39.7
总分枝数 TBN 9.8 8.4 9.6 9.8 9.6 9.4
饱果数 FFN 25.8 10.6 16.4 26.4 17.3 19.3
百果重 HPW (g) 165.3 131.0 129.4 132.3 123.8 136.4
百粒重 HSW (g) 64.5 59.9 50.6 54.8 46.0 55.2
出仁率 SP (%) 71.3 75.3 75.2 75.7 67.2 72.9
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