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作物学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (12): 2187-2196.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.02187

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同供体及不同回交次数对玉米自交系R08的改良效应

乔善宝，王玉花，杨克诚*，荣廷昭，潘光堂，高世斌*   

  1. 四川农业大学玉米研究所/教育部作物基因资源与遗传改良重点实验室，四川雅安 625014
  • 收稿日期:2009-04-27 修回日期:2009-08-22 出版日期:2009-12-10 网络出版日期:2009-10-13
  • 通讯作者: 杨克诚,Tel:0835-2882465;高世斌,E-mail:shibingao@gmail.com
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家“十一五”科技攻关计划子课题（2006BAD13B03），教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划（IRT0453），四川省玉米育种攻关项目资助。

Effects Contributed by Different Donor Parents and Backcross Times on R08 Improvement

WANG Yu-Hua,QIAO Shan-Bao,YANG Ke-Cheng*,RONG Ting-Zhao,PAN Guang-Tang,GAO Shi-Bin*   

  1. Maize Research Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement,Ministry of Education,Ya'an 625014,China
  • Received:2009-04-27 Revised:2009-08-22 Published:2009-12-10 Published online:2009-10-13
  • Contact: YANG Ke-Chen,Tel:0835-2882465;GAO Shi-Bin,E-mail:shibingao@gmail.com

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2473

被引次数

22

摘要：

以R08为轮回亲本，18个优良自交系为供体亲本，不同回交和自交次数，选育出遗传背景与R08相近、但相互之间又存在一定差异的BC1F3和BC2F2各18个R08改良系。通过抗病性鉴定、配合力及SSR分子标记分析，探讨不同供体及不同回交次数对R08的改良效果。结果表明，36个改良系中，29个抗或高抗大斑病，大部分改良系的多数产量性状一般配合力(GCA)与R08相比并无下降或有所提高；相同供体不同回交次数选系的比较显示，对大斑病抗性的改良，回交1次自交2次(BC1F3)优于回交2次自交1次(BC2F2)，且改良后代选系多数产量性状GCA大体相当；相同回交次数不同供体选系的比较表明，供体对回交后代的影响较大，供体不同回交后代选系大斑病抗性及多数产量性状GCA存在较大的差异；SSR分子标记研究结果在一定程度上揭示相同供体不同回交次数所创造的遗传变异无明显差异，相同回交次数不同供体选系在分子水平上存在较大差异；供体昌7-2和川321对改良R08的大斑病抗性和产量性状GCA作用较大，属优良供体亲本；w4-1和w10-1属回交改良优良选系。因此，利用回交法改良玉米自交系，在选准供体亲本的基础上，回交1次后，在自交过程中加强目标性状的鉴定选择及配合力测定，可提高回交改良的育种效率。

关键词: 玉米, 供体, 回交法, 出苗率, 抗病性, 配合力, SSR标记

Abstract:

In this study, we usedR08 as the recurrent parent and 18 excellentinbreeding lines as the donor parents to improve R08 line through backcross and self-cross. A total of 18 BC1F3-derived lines and 18 BC2F2-derived lines with relatively diverse genetic background were obtained. Improving effects contributed by different donor parents and backcross times on R08 were analyzed by evaluation field trials, combining ability and SSR molecular markers of R08 improved lines. The results showed that 29 lines out of 36 BC-derived lines were resistant or high-resistant to northern leaf blight. General combining ability (GCA)of most yield traits in the majority of improved lines showed no decrease or a little increase compared with that of R08. BC1F3 (backcross once, self-cross twice) wasbetter than BC2F2 (backcross twice, self-cross once) in the improvement of disease resistance to northern leaf blightcompared with the lines which had same donor parents and different times of backcross, while the GCA of most yield traits in majority of the lines selected from the improved offspring was roughly the same. The results of SSR markers analysis showed that the genetic variation in the lines had no significant difference. On the contrary, there was a larger difference in disease resistance to northern leaf blight, GCA of the majority of yield traits and the results of SSR markersanalysis in the lines selected from different donor and same times of backcross. Donor parents Chang 7-2 and Chuan 321 played a larger role in improving R08’s disease resistance to northern leaf blight and most of yield traits’ GCA. Therefore, they are excellent donor parents. As a result, w4-1 and w10-1 are selected as elite lines of backcross-improving. Consequently, during the utilization of backcross in improving maize inbred lines, we could backcross once on the basis of selecting the right donor parents, and strengthen the identification and selection of target traits and the determination of GCA in self-cross process to improve the breeding efficiency of backcross improvement.

Key words: Corn, Donor parent, Backcross breeding, Combining ability, SSR


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