欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (04): 729-734.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.00723

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

长江流域油菜氮磷钾肥料利用率现状研究

邹娟1,鲁剑巍1,*,陈防2,李银水1   

  1. 1华中农业大学资源与环境学院，湖北武汉 430070；2中国科学院武汉研究所武汉植物园，湖北武汉 430074
  • 收稿日期:2010-06-04 修回日期:2011-01-06 出版日期:2011-04-12 网络出版日期:2011-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 鲁剑巍, E-mail: lujianwei@mail.hzau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目(2008BADA4B08)，国家现代农业(油菜)产业技术体系专项经费资助项目(nycytx-005)，教育部新世纪人才项目(NCET-07-0345)和国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)合作项目(Hubei-35)资助。

Status of Nutrient Use Efficiencies of Rapeseed in the Yangtze River Basin

ZOU Juan1,LU Jian-Wei1,*,CHEN Fang2,LI Yin-Shui1   

  1. 1 College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; 2 Botanical Garden of Wuhan / Wuhan Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
  • Received:2010-06-04 Revised:2011-01-06 Published:2011-04-12 Published online:2011-02-24
  • Contact: 鲁剑巍, E-mail: lujianwei@mail.hzau.edu.cn

PDF

2255

被引次数

84

摘要： 总结近年来在长江流域冬油菜主产区进行的74个田间试验结果，分析目前条件下油菜氮磷钾肥的偏生产力、农学效率、肥料表观利用率、生理效率及肥料对油菜产量的贡献率。结果表明，油菜农学效率分别为6.2 kg kg–1 N、6.3 kg kg–1 P2O5和2.6 kg kg–1 K2O；表观利用率为N 34.0%、P2O5 17.4%和K2O 36.9%，生理利用率为18.5 kg kg–1 N、35.5 kg kg–1 P2O5和9.1 kg kg–1 K2O，氮磷钾肥对油菜籽产量的贡献率分别为41.9%、21.4%和11.5%。研究结果显示，试验条件下长江流域油菜的肥料利用率较低，生产上需同时解决油菜高产及肥料利用效率提高的问题。

关键词: 油菜, 肥料利用率

Abstract: Nutrient use efficiency is an important index not only for fertilizer recommendation on the field scale but also for forecasting fertilizer demand on the regional and national scales, however, exact nutrient use efficiencies of rapeseed in the Yangtze River Basin have not been well known yet. In this paper, data from 74 field experiments were collected and used for analysis and evaluation of partial factor productivity (PFP), agronomic efficiency (AE), apparent recovery efficiency (RE), physiological efficiency (PE), and fertilizer contribution index of rapseed. The results indicated that AE averaged 6.2 kg kg–1 N, 6.3 kg kg–1 P2O5, and 2.6 kg kg–1 K2O, respectively. RE averaged N 34.0%, P2O5 17.4%, and K2O 36.9%, respectively. The averages of PE were 18.5 kg kg–1 N, 35.5 kg kg–1 P2O5, and 9.1 kg kg–1 K2O. The contribution of N, P and K fertilizer to rapeseed yield was 41.9%, 21.4%, and 11.5%, respectively. It was concluded that nutrient use efficiencies of rapeseed in the Yangtze River Basin were low. Thus, rapeseed yield and nutrient use efficiencies should be improved simultaneously to ensure sustainability for rapeseed production.

Key words: Rapeseed, Nutrient use efficiency, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium

[1]Ju X-T(巨晓棠), Zhang F-S(张福锁). Thinking about nitrogen recovery rate. Ecol Environ (生态与环境), 2003, 12(2): 192–197 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]Chen T-B(陈同斌), Zeng X-B(曾希柏), Hu Q-X(胡清秀). Utilization efficiency of chemical fertilizers among different counties in China. Acta Geogr Sin (地理学报), 2002, 57(5): 531–538 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[3]Yan X(闫湘), Jin J-Y(金继运), He P(何萍), Liang M-Z(梁鸣早). Recent advances in technology of increasing fertilizer use efficiency. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2008, 41(2): 450–459 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4]Zhu Z-L(朱兆良). Fertilizer fate and N management in agroecosystem. In: Zhu Z-L(朱兆良), Wen Q-X(文启孝). Nitrogen in Soil of China (中国土壤氮素). Nanjing: Jiangsu Science and Technology Press, 1992. pp 228–245 (in Chinese)
[5]Zhu Z-L(朱兆良). The status problems and countermeasure of nitrogen fertilizer application in China. In: Li Q-K(李庆逵), Zhu Z-L(朱兆良), Yu T-R(于天仁), eds. Fertilizer Issues of Sustainable Agriculture Development in China (中国农业持续发展中的肥料问题). Nanjing: Jiangsu Science and Technology Press, 1998. pp 38–51 (in Chinese)
[6]Zhang F-S(张福锁), Wang J-Q(王激清), Zhang W-F(张卫峰), Cui Z-L(崔振岭), Ma W-Q(马文奇), Chen X-P(陈新平), Jiang R-F(江荣风). Nutrient use efficiencies of major cereal crops in China and measures for improvement. Acta Pedol Sin (土壤学报), 2008, 45(5): 915–924 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[7]Zou J(邹娟), Lu J-W(鲁剑巍), Chen F(陈防), Li Y-S(李银水). Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and boron fertilizers on yield and profit of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) in the Yangtze River Basin. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2009, 35(1): 87–92 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]Cassman K G, Peng S, Olk D C, Ladha J K, Reichardt W, Dobermann A, Singh U. Opportunities for increased nitrogen-use efficiency from improved resource management in irrigated rice systems. Field Crops Res, 1998, 56: 7–39
[9]Fageria N K, Baligar V C. Methodology for evaluation of lowland rice genotypes for nitrogen use efficiency. J Plant Nutr, 2003, 26: 1315–1333
[10]Peng S-B(彭少兵), Huang J-L(黄见良), Zhong X-H(钟旭华), Yang J-C(杨建昌), Wang G-H(王光火), Zou Y-B(邹应斌), Zhang F-S(张福锁), Zhu Q-S(朱庆森), Bureshl R, Wittl C. Research strategy in improving fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency of irrigated rice in China. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2002, 35(9): 1095–1103(in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]Orlovius K. Oilseed rape. In: Kirbky E A ed, Fertilizing for High Yield and Quality, Bulletin 16. IPI, Basel. 2003
[12]Jensen L S, Christensen L, Mueller T, Nielsen N E. Turnover of residual 15N-labelled fertilizer N in soil following harvest of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Plant Soil, 1997, 190: 193–202
[13]Dreccer M F, Schapendonk A H C M, Slafer G A, Rabbinge R. Comparative response of wheat and oilseed rape to nitrogen supply: Absorption and utilization efficiency of radiation and nitrogen during the reproductive stages determining yield. Plant Soil, 2000, 220: 189–205
[14]Hocking P J, Stapper M. Effects of sowing time and nitrogen fertilizer on canola and wheat, and nitrogen fertilizer on Indian mustard. II. Nitrogen concentrations, N accumulation, and N fertilizer use efficiency. Aust J Agric Res, 2001, 52: 635–644
[15]Hocking P J, Randall P J, DeMarco D. The response of dryland canola to nitrogen fertilizer: partitioning and mobilization of dry matter and nitrogen, and nitrogen effects on yield components. Field Crops Res, 1997, 54: 201–220
[16]Smith C J, Wright G C, Woodroofe M R. The effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on rapeseed (Brassica napus) production in south-eastern Australia: II. Nitrogen accumulation and oil yield. Irrigr Sci, 1988, 9: 15–25
[1] 任依涵, 赵曼利, 代晶, 李银水, 顾炽明, 杨璐, 杜雪竹, 胡文诗, 秦璐. 油菜叶片功能氮动态变化对光合速率及光合氮利用效率的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1459-1471.
[2] 蒯婕, 娄洪祥, 谭晓强, 郜耿东, 邵东李, 肖胜男, 赵杰, 徐正华, 王晶, 汪波, 周广生. 直播油菜单产提升的生理基础及实践途径[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 982-992.
[3] 张全军, 吴东丽, 刘聪, 朱永超, 杨大生, 孔祥胜. 1981—2024年长江中下游油菜发育期时空格局演变特征[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1140-1152.
[4] 杨锐, 陈敬东, 黄郢, 张学昆, 周登文, 刘清云, 徐劲松, 谢伶俐, 许本波. 长江下游冬油菜区应对气候变化的育种和栽培策略研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1153-1165.
[5] 谭文清, 惠荣奎, 张凡丽, 覃磊, 毛舒香, 邓力超, 郭一鸣, 曲亮, 严明理. 油菜耐渍性快速鉴定及耐渍种质筛选[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1035-1045.
[6] 王楚锐, 李开祥, 赵志, 肖麓, 唐国永, 赵志刚, 徐亮, 杜德志, 柳海东. 甘蓝型春油菜早花基因BnCRY2功能位点KASP标记的开发及应用[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(3): 708-721.
[7] 马毅娜, 吴晓明玉, 李藕琪, 王圆, 陈丽, 张盈川, 赵伦, 文静, 傅廷栋, 沈金雄. Bna-miR1040-EIF3A模块调控油菜开花时间的功能研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(2): 349-362.
[8] 娄洪祥, 幸仁鹏, 汪波, 王晶, 徐正华, 赵杰, 蒯婕, 周广生. 播种期对长江中游甘蓝型油菜光温资源利用效率和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(2): 539-551.
[9] 李瑞, 余意雯, 王敦亮, 田婷, 孙灵湘, 陶玥玥, 孙华. 长江中下游油菜薹油兼用模式菜籽产量特征比较研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(2): 620-630.
[10] 杨锐, 陈敬东, 黄郢, 张学昆, 周登文, 刘清云, 徐劲松, 谢伶俐, 许本波. 基于北纬30°分界的长江中游油菜增产策略研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(1): 99-117.
[11] 朱家宝, 王先领, 樊友众, 王宗铠, 蒯婕, 汪波, 王晶, 徐正华, 赵杰, 周广生. 秸秆还田耦合氮肥运筹对稻茬油菜茎秆质量和抗倒伏性能的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(1): 233-248.
[12] 王彬, 蒙姜宇, 邱浩良, 贺亚军, 钱伟. 甘蓝型油菜BnaDUF579基因家族的鉴定与表达模式分析[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(8): 2100-2110.
[13] 樊友众, 王先领, 王宗铠, 王春云, 王天尧, 谢捷, 蒯婕, 汪波, 王晶, 徐正华, 赵杰, 周广生. 秸秆还田耦合氮肥运筹对稻茬油菜光合性能及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(8): 2139-2151.
[14] 李炳霖, 叶晓磊, 肖红, 肖国滨, 吕伟生, 刘君权, 任涛, 陆志峰, 鲁剑巍. 镁肥用量对油菜产量和镁吸收量及因冻害减产程度的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(7): 1850-1860.
[15] 李世鹏, 陈才武, 张晶, 吕恬, 傅廷栋, 易斌. 基于改进U-Net++模型的油菜pol TCMS温敏两系育性等级鉴定及温度育性关系的量化研究[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(6): 1423-1434.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备15008789号-2