不同材料覆盖的土壤水温效应及对玉米生长的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.01249

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在渭北旱塬区采用随机区组试验，对比研究了生物降解膜(S)、塑料地膜(D)、秸秆(J)、液态膜(Y)覆盖和裸地平作种植玉米的土壤水温效应及玉米生长状况。结果表明，玉米进入抽雄期和灌浆期后，不同覆盖材料间土壤水分出现较大差异，40~160 cm J覆盖土壤平均含水量显著(P<0.05)高于对照和其他覆盖；S和D覆盖对较深土层(60~120 cm)的水分利用加强。J覆盖保墒效果好于其他处理，玉米生长前期主要提高0~100 cm土壤含水量，后期提高100~200 cm土壤含水量；S和D覆盖的保墒效果主要表现在玉米营养生长阶段的浅层土壤。玉米营养生长阶段5~25 cm平均地温，S和D覆盖分别提高1.4°C和2.6°C，J和Y覆盖分别降低3.0°C和0.8°C。S和D覆盖水温协同，延长了玉米营养生长时间，使玉米全生育期提前11 d，J覆盖由于降低地温使全生育期延长3 d，液态膜不影响生育进程。S和D覆盖显著(P<0.05)提高了玉米穗长、穗粗和行粒数及地上部干重，Y覆盖显著(P<0.05)增加玉米的百粒重，J覆盖显著(P<0.05)降低了玉米穗长、行粒数和百粒重。4种覆盖均不同程度降低了玉米的经济系数，S、D和Y覆盖玉米分别增产26.9%(P<0.05)、34.7%(P<0.05)和2.4%，J覆盖造成玉米减产10.5%。

关键词: 玉米, 不同材料, 覆盖, 温度, 生长

Abstract: The study, with randomized block design, measured the effects of different mulching materials which included biodegradable film (S), plastic film (D), corn straw (J), liquid film (Y) and bare land on soil water, temperature and corn growth in Weibei rainfed tableland, which would be as the basis of mulching cultivation in this area. The results showed that soil moisture in different mulchings showed different characteristics after Heading and filling stage of corn, soil average moisture (40–60 cm) of J mulching was evidently (P<0.05) higher than that of control treatment and other mulchings; water deprivation of S and D mulchings was improved in the deeper soil layers (60–120 cm). ....

Key words: Corn, Different materials, Mulching, Water, Temperature, Growth

王敏, 王海霞, 韩清芳, 李荣, 张睿, 贾志宽, 杨宝平. 不同材料覆盖的土壤水温效应及对玉米生长的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2011, 37(07): 1249-1258.

WANG Min, WANG Hai-Xia, HAN Qing-Fang, LI Rong, ZHANG Rui, GU Zhi-Kuan, YANG Bao-Peng. Effects of Different Mulching Materials on Soil Water, Temperature, and Corn Growth[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2011, 37(07): 1249-1258.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: https://zwxb.chinacrops.org/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.01249

https://zwxb.chinacrops.org/CN/Y2011/V37/I07/1249

参考文献

[1]Du S-N(杜社妮), Bai G-Q(白岗栓). Studies on effects of plastic film mulching on soil environment of maize field. Agric Res Arid Areas (干旱地区农业研究), 2007, 25(5): 56–59 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]Ma S-Q(马树庆), Wang Q(王琪), Guo J-P(郭建平), Shen Z-S(沈钟声). Geographical change law of effects of corn plastic mulching on increasing temperature and production in Northeast China. Trans CSAE (农业工程学报), 2007, 23(8): 66–71 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[3]Zhang D-Q(张德奇), Liao Y-C(廖允成), Jia Z-K(贾志宽). Research advances and prospects of film mulching in arid and semi-arid areas. Agric Res Arid Areas (干旱地区农业研究), 2005, 23(1): 208–213 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4]Zhang J(章剑). Study on different degradable film. Anhui Agric Sci Bull (安徽农学通报), 2005, 11(3): 23 (in Chinese)
[5]Yang Y-J(杨玉姣), Huang Z-B(黄占斌), Yan Y-M(闫玉敏), Liu M(刘敏), Zhu Q(朱强). Effects on temperature and moisture of soil and seeding of maize to biodegradable film coverage. J Agro-Environ Sci (农业环境科学学报), 2010, 29(suppl): 10–14 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[6]Zhao A-Q(赵爱琴), Li Z-Z(李子忠), Gong Y-S(龚元石). Effects of biodegradable mulch film on corn growth and its degradation in field. J China Agric Univ (中国农业大学学报), 2005, 10(2): 74–78 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[7]Wu Y-Q(吴涌泉), Qu M(屈明), Sun F(孙芬), Chen Z-F(陈祖富). Effect of straw mulching on soil physical and chemical properties, soil microorganism and environment. Chin Agric Sci Bull (中国农学通报), 2009, 25(14): 263–268 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]Lu X-H(鲁向晖), Sui Y-Y(隋艳艳), Wang F(王飞), Mu X-M(穆兴民). Study on soil water status of maize s fallow under straw mulch in dryland. J Arid Land Resour Environ (干旱区资源与环境), 2008, 22(3): 156–159 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[9]Qiang X-M(强小嫚), Zhou X-G(周新国), Li C-X(李彩霞), Guo D-D(郭冬冬), Liu Z-G(刘祖贵), Zhang J-P(张俊鹏). Effect of liquid film mulching on growth and yield of summer maize under different soil moisture conditions. Trans CSAE (农业工程学报), 2010, 26(1): 54–60 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]Xue J-F(薛菁芳), Wang J-K(汪景宽), Li S-Y(李双异), Zhu F-C(祝凤春), Chen S-Q(陈书强). Studies on changes of corn biomass yield and its components under the condition of long-term plastic film-mulching and fertilization. J Maize Sci (玉米科学), 2006, 14(5): 66–70 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]Laboski C A M, Dowdy R H, Allmara R R, Lamb J A. Soil strength and water content influences on corn root distribution in a sandy soil. Plant Soil, 1998, 203: 239–247
[12]Wu B-Z(吴伯志), Liu L-G(刘立光), Zheng Y(郑毅), Xia Z-Y(夏振远). Effect on red soil erosion ratio by different cultivation measure. Tillage and Cultivation (耕作与栽培), 1996, 5: 17–20 (in Chinese)
[13]Zhai Z-F(翟治芬), Zhao Y-Z(赵元忠), Jing M(景明), Zhang J-H(张建华). Evapotranspiration characteristics of spring maize under mulch film and staw cover. J Shandong Agric Univ (Nat Sci Edn) (山东农业大学学报•自然科学版), 2010, 41(2): 209–215 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]Wang X(王鑫), Xu G-B(胥国斌), Ren Z-G(任志刚), Zhang Z-J(张占军), Jian Y-F(简毓峰), Zhang Y-M(张永明). Effects of environment-friendly degradable films on corn growth and soil environment. Chin J Eco-Agric (中国生态农业学报), 2007, 15(1): 78–81 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[15]Zhang J-P(张俊鹏), Sun J-S(孙景生), Liu Z-G(刘祖贵), Gao Y(高阳). Effect of moisture and mulching on filling characteristics and yield of summer maize. Chin J Eco-Agric (中国生态农业学报), 2010, 18(3): 501–506 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[16]Zhang D-M(张冬梅), Chi B-L(池宝亮), Huang X-F(黄学芳), Liu E-K(刘恩科), Zhang J(张健). Analysis of adverse effects on maize yield decrease resulted from plastic film mulching in dryland. Trans CSAE (农业工程学报), 2008, 24(4): 99–102 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[17]Lu X-H(鲁向晖), Gao P(高鹏), Wang F(王飞), Sui Y-Y(隋艳艳), Mu X-M(穆兴民). Effect of straw mulch on yield and water utilization of spring maize in the south mountainous area of Ningxia. Chin J Soil Sci (土壤通报), 2008, 39(6): 1248–1251 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]Xu L(徐澜), An W(安伟), Hao J-P(郝建平). The effect of water-osmosis plastic membrane on physiology, yield component and yield for drought maize. J Arid Land Resour Environ (干旱区资源与环境), 2010, 24(8): 180–185 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]Chen S-Y(陈素英), Zhang X-Y(张喜英), Pei D(裴冬), Sun H-Y(孙宏勇). Effects of corn straw mulching on soil temperature and soil evaporation of winter wheat field. Trans CSAE (农业工程学报), 2005, 21(10): 171–173 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[20]Li C-X(李彩霞), Zhou X-G(周新国), Qiang X-M(强小嫚), Guo D-D(郭冬冬), Liu Z-G(刘祖贵), Zhang J-P(张俊鹏). Effects of liquid film mulching on soil moisture, temperature and yield of summer maize field under different water conditions. J Maize Sci (玉米科学), 2010, 18(3): 108–112 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[21]Cui H-H(崔欢虎), Jing H(靖华), Zhao H-Z(赵海桢), Zhang J-L(张俊灵), Wang J(王笳). Ecological effects of black fluid-film mulched over in dry land winter wheat. Chin J Eco-Agric (中国生态农业学报), 2006, 14(1): 73–75 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]Li J-Q(李建奇). The mechanism study of the influences of plastics film mulch on grain yield and seed quality of spring maize. J Maize Sci (玉米科学), 2008, 16(5): 87–92 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[23]Duan D-Y(段德玉), Liu X-J(刘小京), Li W-Q(李伟强), Li C-Z(李存桢). The ecological effects of plastic-mulched culture on the summer maize. Agric Res Arid Areas (干旱地区农业研究), 2003, 21(4): 6–9 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[24]Huang Z-D(黄志德), Wang A-N(王安宁). Cultivation technology and yield increasing theory of corn. Agron Technol Ser (农技服务), 2009, 26(6): 11 (in Chinese)
[25]Zhang K-M(张开敏), Li J-R(李进荣). Study on different degradable film in the same corn field. Yunnan Agric Sci Technol (云南农业科技), 2010, 3: 30–32 (in Chinese)
[26]Liu C(刘超), Wang Y-K(汪有科), Zhan J-W(湛景武), Yang Z-Y(杨直毅). The influence of straw mulch amount to summer maize yield. J Irrig Drainag (灌溉排水学报), 2008, 27(4): 64–66 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[27]Bu Y-S(卜玉山), Miao G-Y(苗果园), Shao H-L(邵海林), Wang J-C(王建程). Analysis of growth and development and yield of corn mulched with plastic film and straw. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2006, 32(7): 1090–1093 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[28]Hong X-Q(洪晓强), Zhao E-L(赵二龙), Song H-W(宋宏伟). Effects of stubble mulching on the field on cropland soil moisture content and spring corn growth. Chin Agric Sci Bull (中国农学通报), 2005, 21(8): 177–179 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[29]Gao Y-J(高亚军), Li S-X(李生秀). Cause and mechanism of crop yield reduction under straw mulch in dryland. Trans CSAE (农业工程学报), 2005, 21(7): 15–19 (in Chinese with English abstract)

相关文章 15

[1]	刘恩波, 陈静, 李红星, 于宁宁, 任佰朝, 赵斌, 刘鹏, 张吉旺. 遮阴改变源-库平衡和调节碳水化合物代谢进而抑制夏玉米幼穗发育[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1891-1901.
[2]	梁进宇, 尹嘉德, 王红丽, 张国平, 侯慧芝, 董博, 马明生. 基于无人机高光谱和机器学习的旱地饲用玉米叶片氮含量估测[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1788-1801.
[3]	孙淑凤, 许振南, 黄嘉鑫, 翁建峰, 李新海. 玉米MAPK家族全基因组鉴定及其对拟轮枝镰孢菌感染的响应[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1291-1308.
[4]	张宁宁, 滕雨菲, 任娜娜, 魏兴卓, 闫书豪, 樊可心, 王永宏, 陈文康, 张兴华, 朱万超, 徐淑兔, 薛吉全. 201份玉米自交系抗旱表型评价及可塑性分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1309-1325.
[5]	杨扬, 常诗惠, 田红丽, 易红梅, 王璐, 任洁, 范亚明, 刘亚维, 王凤格, 赵久然. 不同生态区国审玉米品种的遗传多样性分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1352-1364.
[6]	张鸿蓉, 王菲儿, 李盼, 仇海龙, 朱静, 赵连豪, 南运有, 何蔚, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 柴强, 殷文. 减量20%灌水与25%有机肥替代化肥提高青贮玉米产量的光合特性[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1487-1500.
[7]	杨欣雨, 崔文涛, 迪力尼格尔·阿力木, 汪凯翔, 吴鹏昊, 任姣姣. 玉米穗上叶片数全基因组关联分析和全基因组选择[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1573-1590.
[8]	张曦, 王广恩, 李邵琦, 刘祎, 李俊兰, 钱玉源. 基于转录组测序解析陆海杂交姊妹系马克隆值差异的形成机制[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1442-1458.
[9]	韩亚鑫, 何冠华, 张小琼, 张登峰, 李永祥, 刘旭洋, 王天宇, 黎裕, 邹华文, 李春辉. 基于RNA-Seq和BSA-Seq联合分析挖掘玉米侧根密度基因资源[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1341-1352.
[10]	蔡宏玮, 于爱忠, 姜科强, 王鹏飞, 王玉珑, 霍建喆, 庞小能, 尹波, 尚永盼. 干旱灌区有机肥替代部分化肥促进甜玉米产量提升的关键机制[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1166-1180.
[11]	石少阶, 刘凯, 陈姿夷, 王卉颖, 李三和, 周雷, 游艾青. 水稻矮化多分蘖基因DMT1的克隆与功能分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1022-1034.
[12]	田红丽, 杨扬, 范亚明, 易红梅, 郭丹丹, 王凤格, 赵久然. 适于玉米品种鉴定的一套三等位变异SNP新型标记组合[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 993-1005.
[13]	杨亚莉, 徐明睿, 马越飞, 海艺蕊, 刘凯栋, 刘万茂, 孙颖. 玉米根尖及整根响应缺铁的转录组比较研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1006-1021.
[14]	张超, 郭欢, 李忠玲, 岳淑宁, 赵娜. 基于BSA-seq技术定位玉米籽粒花青素关联基因[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(3): 780-789.
[15]	郭向阳, 涂亮, 王栋, 刘鹏飞, 王安贵, 易强, 任洪, 李刚, 祝云芳, 吴迅, 蒋喻林, 田丰, 陈泽辉. 热带Suwan种质在我国玉米种质改良中的创新与利用[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(3): 655-664.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed