不同灌溉方式下的水稻群体质量

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.02011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探明不同灌溉方式对水稻群体质量的影响，以籼稻扬稻6号和粳稻扬粳4038为材料，从移栽至成熟进行畦沟灌溉(FI)和干湿交替灌溉(AWD)处理，以习惯水层灌溉(TF)为对照，结果表明，与TF相比，FI和AWD的产量分别增加了10.60%和8.43%。FI和AWD减少了无效分蘖数，提高了分蘖成穗率和顶部3叶的叶面积比率，增加了叶长、粒叶比、透光率、抽穗期至成熟的干物质积累量、剑叶光合速率、根量和根系活力。说明FI和AWD可以改善群体质量，进而增加产量。

关键词: 畦沟灌溉, 干湿交替灌溉, 群体特征, 根系活力, 产量

Abstract: Establishment of a population with high quality is an important prerequisite to achieve high grain yield. Irrigation is one of the most important practices in rice production and plays a critical role in regulation of population quality. To understand the effect of irrigation regimes on population quality, we planted two rice cultivars currently used in the production, Yangdao 6 (an indica) and Yangjing 4038 (a japonica), treated with furrow irrigation between beds (FI), alternate wetting and soil drying (AWD), and traditional flooding as control (TF), for 10 days after transplanting to maturity. Compared with TF, FI and AWD increased grain yield by 10.60% and 8.43%, respectively. Both FI and AWD regimes reduced the number of unproductive tillers and increased percentage of productive tillers, area and length of top three leaves, grain-leaf area ratio, light transmission rate, dry matter accumulation from heading to maturity, and increased photosynthetic rate of flag leaf, root activity and root biomass during grain filling. The results demonstrate that both FI and AWD could improve population quality, and consequently, increase grain yield.

Key words: Furrow irrigation, Alternate wetting and soil drying, Population quality, Root activity, Grain yield

张自常, 徐云姬, 褚光, 王志琴, 王学明, 刘立军, 杨建昌. 不同灌溉方式下的水稻群体质量[J]. 作物学报, 2011, 37(11): 2011-2019.

ZHANG Zi-Chang, XU Yun-Ji, CHU Guang, WANG Zhi-Qin, WANG Hua-Meng, LIU Li-Jun, YANG Jian-Chang. Population Quality of Rice under Different Irrigation Regimes[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2011, 37(11): 2011-2019.

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