作物学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (07): 1003-1011.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.01003
吴坤1,2,吴文雄1,杨敏敏1,刘红艳1,郝国存1,赵应忠1,*
WU Kun1,2,WU Wen-Xiong1,YANG Min-Min1,LIU Hong-Yan1,HAO Guo-Cun1,ZHAO Ying-Zhong1,*
摘要:
芝麻籽粒油脂、蛋白质和芝麻素含量是芝麻品质育种的3个重要目标。为了解析其遗传机制并检测相关QTL,利用近红外谷物品质分析仪对一个包含224个株系的F9代重组自交系(RIL)群体在2年3个环境下的籽粒品质性状检测,结果表明,群体内株系间差异显著且呈典型正态分布,而同一环境不同重复间表现差异不显著。相关性分析显示,籽粒含油量与蛋白质含量显著负相关,籽粒含油量与芝麻素含量显著正相关,蛋白质含量与芝麻素含量显著负相关;利用该RIL群体已构建的高密度遗传图谱,采用基于混合线性模型的复合区间作图法(MCIM)检测到8个QTLs,表型贡献率为0.41%~14.55%;采用多重区间作图法(MIM)检测到13个QTLs,可解释5.2%~18.6%的表型变异。其中5个主效QTLs被2种方法同时检测到且定位区间相同,2个主效QTLs在2个或3个环境中被重复检测到。控制含油量的Qoc-5与芝麻素含量的Qsc-5位于LG5连锁群上的相同区段,加性效应均为正值;而控制蛋白质含量的Qpc-5也位于相邻位置,但加性效应为负值。LG2和LG1连锁群上也存在相似情况,反映品质性状相关QTL之间存在一因多效或紧密连锁。因此,在芝麻品质育种中选择高含油量可以兼顾高芝麻素,但应对蛋白质含量进行负向选择。
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