欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (08): 1245-1253.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.01245

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

耕作模式对土壤生物活性与养分有效性及冬小麦产量的影响

陈金,庞党伟,韩明明,尹燕枰,郑孟静,骆永丽,王振林*,李勇*   

  1. 山东农业大学农学院 / 作物生物学国家重点实验室, 山东泰安 271018
  • 收稿日期:2016-10-16 修回日期:2017-04-20 出版日期:2017-08-12 网络出版日期:2017-05-08
  • 通讯作者: 王振林, E-mail: zlwang@sdau.edu.cn; 李勇, E-mail: xmliyong@sdau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31271661, 31271667, 30871477), 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2015CB150404), 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300400), 国家公益性科研行业(农业)科研专项经费(201203100, 201203029), 山东省高等学校科技计划项目(J14LF12), 山东省泰山产业领军人才项目和山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题项目资助。

Effects of Tillage Patterns on Soil Biological Activity, Availability of Soil Nutrients and Grain Yield of Winter Wheat

CHEN Jin,PANG Dang-Wei,HAN Ming-Ming,YIN Yan-Ping,ZHENG Meng-Jing,LUO Yong-Li,WANG Zhen-Lin*,LI Yong*   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology / Agronomy College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
  • Received:2016-10-16 Revised:2017-04-20 Published:2017-08-12 Published online:2017-05-08
  • Contact: Wang zhenlin, E-mail: zlwang@sdau.edu.cn; Li yong, E-mail: xmliyong@sdau.edu.cn
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271661, 31271667, 30871477), the National Basic Research Program of China (2015CB150404), the National Basic Research Program of China (2016YFD0300400), the National Research and Development Program (2016YFD0300400), China Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201203100, 201203029), the Science and Technology Program for Universities in Shandong Province (J14LF12), the Shandong Mount Tai Program for Industrial Leading Talents, and the Shandong Innovation Project for Applied Technologies in Agriculture.

RichHTML

PDF

1121

被引次数

2

摘要：

为探讨长期玉米秸秆还田下不同耕作模式对土壤生化性状及冬小麦产量的影响, 从2011年10月至2016年6月连续5个冬小麦生长季进行田间定位试验。设4个耕作处理, 分别是连续旋耕秸秆不还田(RT)、连续旋耕秸秆还田(RS)、连续深耕秸秆还田(DS)及前2年旋耕秸秆还田第3年深耕秸秆还田(TS)。与RT相比, 连续5年秸秆还田显著提高0~10、10~20和20~30 cm土层土壤有机碳、无机氮、速效磷、速效钾含量; 土壤脲酶、蛋白酶、硝酸还原酶和蔗糖酶活性及土壤微生物多样性分别提高23.1%~59.3%、13.2%~40.7%、14.1%~28.8%、10.9%~19.5%和31.9%~42.5%。秸秆还田使各土层变形菌门、硝化螺旋菌门及放线菌门的相对丰度显著提高, 而酸杆菌门相对丰度则显著降低。与DS及TS相比, RS显著提高0~10 cm土层土壤养分状况及生物活性, 10~30 cm土层则显著降低。连续旋耕至第3年, 无论秸秆还田与否, 小麦均表现减产; DS与TS处理则表现持续增产, 平均年增产3.2%和3.9%。本研究表明在黄淮海东部地区, 秸秆还田条件下, 2年旋耕后接1年深耕的耕作模式有助于改善耕层土壤质量和提高冬小麦生产力。

关键词: 秸秆还田, 耕作模式, 土壤养分, 土壤微生物, 酶活性, 产量

Abstract:

To determine the effects of different tillage practices on soil biochemical properties and grain yield of winter wheat under continuous maize straw return, we conducted a five-year field experiment from October 2011 to June 2016. Four treatments were compared, which were continuously rotary tillage with total maize straw removed (RT), continuously rotary tillage with maize straw return (RS), continuously deep-plowing tillage with maize straw return (DS), and two-year rotary tillage followed by one-year deep-plowing tillage with maize straw return (TS). Compared with RT, treatments with straw return significantly improved the soil fertility in the 0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm depths, increasing contents of soil organic carbon, mineral nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium. In addition, the activities of urease, protease, nitratase, and invertase, as well as soil microbial diversity in the 0–30 cm depth increased by 23.1%–59.3%, 13.2%–40.7%, 14.1%–28.8%, 10.9%–19.5%, and 31.9%–42.5%, respectively. Straw return resulted in significant increases in relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Nitrospirae, and Actinobacteria and significant decrease in that of Acidobacteria. In the three treatments with straw return, vertical distribution of soil fertility was affected by tillage practice. For example, the soil fertility and bioactivity in the 0–10 cm depth were significantly higher in RS than in DS and TS, whereas those in the 10–30 cm depth were significantly lower in RS than in DS and TS. Consecutively rotary tillage for three years resulted in yield decrease of wheat, whether straw returned to the field or not. In contrast, DS and TS with deep-plowing practice showed continuous yield increase during the five years with the average annual increase of 3.2% and 3.9%, respectively. The present study indicates that under straw return condition, two-year rotary tillage followed by one-year deep-plowing tillage is a promising pattern in the eastern part of Huang–Huai–Hai Plain to improve soil quality and wheat productivity.

Key words: Straw return, Tillage pattern, Soil nutrient, Soil microbial, Enzyme activities, Grain yield

[1] Shi Y, Yu Z W, Man J G, Ma S Y, Gao Z Q, Zhang Y L. Tillage practices affect dry matter accumulation and grain yield in winter wheat in North China Plain. Soil Till Res, 2016, 160: 73–81
[2] Kong L A. Maize residues, soil quality, and wheat growth in China: a review. Agron Sust Dev, 2014, 34: 405–416
[3] 聂良鹏, 郭利伟, 牛海燕, 魏杰, 李增嘉, 宁堂原. 轮耕对小麦-玉米两熟农田耕层构造及作物产量与品质的影响. 作物学报, 2015, 41: 468–478
Nie L P, Guo L W, Niu H Y, Wei J, Li Z J. Effects of rotational tillage on tilth soil structure and crop yield and quality in maize – wheat cropping system. Acta Agron Sin, 2015, 41: 468–478 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4] 赵亚丽, 郭海斌, 薛志伟, 穆心愿, 李潮海. 耕作方式与秸秆还田对土壤微生物数量、酶活性及作物产量的影响. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26: 1785–1792
Zhao Y L, Guo H B, Xue Z W, Mu X Y, Li C H. Effects of tillage and straw returning on microorganism quantity, enzyme activities in soils and grain yield. Chin J Appl Ecol, 2015, 26: 1785–1792 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[5] Zhu H, Wu J, Huang D, Zhu Q, Liu S, Su Y. Improving fertility and productivity of a highly-weathered upland soil in subtropical China by incorporating rice straw. Plant Soil, 2010, 331: 427–437
[6] Wei T, Zhang P, Wang K, Ding R X, Yang B P, Nie J F, Jia Z K, Han Q F. Effects of wheat straw incorporation on the availability of soil nutrients and enzyme activities in semiarid areas. PLoS One, 2015, 10: e0120994
[7] Zhang P, Chen X L, Wei T, Yang Z, Jia Z K, Yang B P, Han, Q F, Ren X L. Effects of straw incorporation on the soil nutrient contents, enzyme activities, and crop yield in a semiarid region of China. Soil Till Res, 2016, 160: 65–72
[8] Zhao S C, Li K J, Zhou W, Qiu S J, Huang S W, He P. Changes in soil microbial community, enzyme activities and organic matter fractions under long-term straw return in north-central China. Agric, Ecosyst Environ, 2016, 216: 82–88
[9] Jiang Y J, Sun B, Jin C, Wang F. Soil aggregate stratification of nematodes and microbial communities affects the metabolic quotient in an acid soil. Soil Biol Biochem, 2013, 60: 1–9
[10] Lou Y, Xu M, Wang W, Sun X, Zhao K. Return rate of straw residue affects soil organic C sequestration by chemical fertilization. Soil Till Res, 2011, 113: 70–73
[11] Dolan M, Clapp C, Allmaras R, Baker J, Molina J. Soil organic carbon and nitrogen in a Minnesota soil as related to tillage, residue and nitrogen management. Soil Till Res, 2006, 89: 221–231
[12] Tong X, Xu M, Wang X, Bhattacharyya R, Zhang W, Cong R. Long-term fertilization effects on organic carbon fractions in a red soil of China. Catena, 2014, 113: 251–259
[13] Piovanelli C, Gamba C, Brandi G. Tillage choices affect biochemical properties in the soil profile. Soil Till Res, 2006, 90: 84–92
[14] 田慎重, 宁堂原, 王瑜, 李洪杰, 仲惟磊, 李增嘉. 不同耕作方式和秸秆还田对麦田土壤有机碳含量的影响. 应用生态学报, 2010, 21: 373–378
Tian S Z, Ning T Y, Wang Y, Li H J, Zhong W L, Li Z J. Effects of different tillage methods and straw-returning on soil organic carbon content in a winter wheat field. Chin J Appl Ecol, 2010, 21: 373–378 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[15] 赵鹏, 陈阜. 秸秆还田配施化学氮肥对冬小麦氮效率及产量的影响. 作物学报, 2008, 34: 1014–1018
Zhao P, Chen F.  Effects of straw mulching plus nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen efficiency and grain yield in winter wheat. Acta Agron Sin, 2008, 34: 1014–1018 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[16] 鲁如坤. 土壤农业化学分析方法.北京: 中国农业科技出版社, 1999, pp 106–195
    Lu R K. Analytical Methods of Soil and Agricultural Chemistry. Beijing: China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 1999. pp 106–195 (in Chinese)
[17] 丁建莉, 蒋昕, 关大伟, 马鸣超, 赵百锁, 周宝库, 曹凤鸣, 李力, 李俊. 东北黑土微生物群落对长期施肥及作物的响应. 中国农业科学, 2016, 49: 4408–4418
Ding J L, Jiang X, Guan D W, Ma M C, Zhao B S, Zhou B K, Cao F M, Li L, Li J. Responses of micro-population in black soil of Northeast China to long-term fertilization and crops. Sci Agric Sin, 2016, 49: 4408–4418 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[18] 曾希柏, 王亚男, 王玉忠, 林志灵, 李莲芳, 白玲玉, 苏世鸣, 沈灵凤. 不同施肥模式对设施菜地细菌群落结构及丰度的影响. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46: 69–79
Zeng X B, Wang Y N, Wang Y Z, Lin Z L, Li L F, Bai L Y, Su S M, Shen L F. Effects of different fertilization regimes on abundance and composition of the bacterial community in greenhouse vegetable soils. Sci Agric Sin, 2013, 46: 69–79 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[19] Gong W, Yan X Y, Wang J Y, Hu T X, Gong Y B. Long-term manure and fertilizer effects on soil organic matter fractions and microbes under a wheat-maize cropping system in northern China. Geoderma, 2009, 149: 318–324
[20] Gude A, Kandeler E, Gleixner G. Input related microbial carbon dynamic of soil organic matter in particle size fractions. Soil Biol Biochem, 2012, 47: 209–219
[21] Li X J, Zhang Z G. Influence on soil floods properties of mulching straws and soil returning straw. Territory and Resour Study, 1999, 1: 43–45
[22] Martens D, Johanson J, Frankenberger J R. Production and persistence of soil enzymes with repeated addition of organic residues. Soil Sci, 1992, 153: 53–61
[23] Luo X S, Fu X Q, Yang Y, Cai P, Peng S B, Chen W L, Huang Q Y. Microbial communities play important roles in moderating paddy soil fertility. Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 20326
[24] Bandick A, Dick R. Field management effects on soil enzyme activities. Soil Biol Biochem, 1999, 31: 1471–1479
[25] Zhu LQ, Hu N J, Yang M F, Zhan X H, Zhang Z W. Effects of different tillage and straw return on soil organic carbon in a rice–wheat rotation system. PloS One, 2014, 9: e88900
[26] Haynes R, Beare M. Influence of six crop species on aggregate stability and some labile organic matter fractions. Soil Biol Biochem, 1997, 29: 1647–1653
[27] Pinheiro E, Pereira M, Anjos L. Aggregate distribution and soil organic matter under different tillage systems for vegetable crops in a Red Latosol from Brazil. Soil Till Res, 2004, 77: 79–84
[28] Alidad K, Mehdi H, Sadegh A, Hassan R, Sanaz B. Organic resource management: Impacts on soil aggregate stability and other soil physico-chemical properties. Agric, Ecosyst Environ, 2012, 148: 22–28
[29] Paul B K, Vanlanwe B, Ayuke F, Gassner A, Hoogmoed M, Hurisso T T, Koala S, Lelei D, Ndabamenye T, Six J, Pulleman M M. Medium-term impact of tillage and residue management on soil aggregate stability, soil carbon and crop productivity. Agric, Ecosyst Environ, 2013, 164: 14–22
[30] He Y T, Zhang W J, Xu M G, Tong X G, Sun F X, Wang J Z, Huang S M, Zhu P, He X H. Long-term combined chemical and manure fertilizations increase soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in aggregate fractions at three typical cropland soils in China. Sci Total Environ, 2015, 532: 635–644
[31] Burns R G., DeForest J L, Marxsen J, Sinsabaugh R L, Stromberger M E, Wallenstein M D, Weintraub M N, Zoppini A. Soil enzymes in a changing environment: current knowledge and future directions. Soil Biol Biochem, 2013, 58: 216–234
[32] Tiemann L K, Billings S A. Indirect effects of nitrogen amendments on organic substrate quality increase enzymatic activity driving decomposition in a mesic grassland. Ecosystems, 2011, 14: 234–247
[33] Cusack D F, Silver W L, Torn M S, Burton S D, Firestone M K. Changes in microbial community characteristics and soil organic matter with nitrogen additions in two tropical forests. Ecology, 2011, 92: 621–632
[34] 贾伟, 周怀平, 解文艳, 关春林, 郜春花, 石彦琴. 长期有机无机配施对褐土微生物量碳、氮及酶活性的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2008, 14: 700–705
Jia W, Zhou H P, Xie W Y, Guan C L, Gao C H, Shi Y Q. Effects of long-term inorganic fertilizer combined with organic manure on microbial biomass C、N and enzyme activity in cinnamon soil. Plant Nutr Fert Sci, 2008, 14: 700–705 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[35] 隽英华, 孙文涛, 韩晓日, 邢月华, 王立春, 谢佳贵. 春玉米土壤矿质氮累积及酶活性对施氮量的响应. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2014, 20: 1368–1377
Juan Y H, Sun W T, Han X R, Xing Y H, Wang L C, Xie J G. Response of soil mineral nitrogen accumulation and enzyme activities to nitrogen application in spring maize. J Plant Nutr Fert, 2014, 20: 1368–1377 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[36] Dong W, Zhang X, Wang H, Dai X, Sun X, Qiu W. Effect of different fertilizer application on the soil fertility of paddy soils in red soil region of southern China. PloS One, 2012, 7: e44504
[37] Zhang P, Wei T, Jia Z, Han Q, Ren X, Li Y. Effects of straw incorporation on soil organic matter and soil water-stable aggregates content in semiarid regions of Northwest China. PLoS One, 2014; 9: e92839
[38] Tripathy R, Singh A. Effect of water and nitrogen management on aggregate size and carbon enrichment of soil in rice-wheat cropping system. J Plant Nutr Soil Sci, 2004, 167: 216–228
[39] Alidad K, Mehdi H, Sadegh A, Hassan R, Sanaz B. Organic resource management: Impacts on soil aggregate stability and other soil physico-chemical properties. Agric, Ecosyst Envrion, 2012, 148: 22–28
[40] Wang X H, Yang H S, Liu J, Wu J S, Chen W P, Wu J, Zhu L Q, Bian X M. Effects of ditch-buried straw return on soil organic carbon and rice yields in a rice-wheat rotation system. Catena, 2015, 127: 56–63
[41] 郑成岩, 崔世明, 王东, 于振文, 张永丽, 石玉. 土壤耕作方式对小麦干物质生产和水分利用效率的影响. 作物学报, 2011, 37: 1432–1440
Zheng C Y, Cui S M, Wang D, Yu Z W, Zhang Y L, Shi Y. Effects of soil tillage practice on dry matter production and water use efficiency in wheat. Acta Agron Sin, 2011, 37: 1432–1440 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[42] 孔凡磊, 袁继超, 张海林, 陈阜. 耕作方式对华北两熟区冬小麦生长发育和产量的影响. 作物学报, 2013, 39: 1612–1618
Kong F L, Yuan J C, Zhang H L, Chen F. Effect of tillage practice on growth and development and yield of winter wheat in double cropping area in North China. Acta Agron Sin, 2013, 39: 1612–1618 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[43] 孔凡磊, 陈阜, 张海林, 黄光辉. 轮耕对土壤物理性状和冬小麦产量的影响. 农业工程学报, 2010, 26(8): 150–155
Kong F L, Chen F, Zhang H L, Huang G H. Effects of rotational tillage on soil physical properties and winter wheat yield. Trans CSAE, 2010, 26(8): 150–155 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[44] 蒋向, 贺德先, 任洪志, 刘清瑞, 胡敏. 轮耕对麦田土壤容重和小麦根系发育的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2012, 32: 711–715
Jiang X, He D X, Ren H Z, Liu Q R, Hu M. Effects of different patterns of rotational tillage on soil bulk density in wheat field and wheat root development. J Triticeae Crops, 2012, 32: 711–715 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[45] Tian S, Ning T, Zhao H, Wang B, Li N, Han H, Li Z, Chi S. Response of CH4 and N2O emissions and wheat yields to tillage method changes in the North China Plain. PLoS One, 2012, 7: e51206
[46] Tian S Z, Wang Y, Ning T Y, Li N, Zhao H X, Wang B W, Li Z J, Chi S Y. Continued no-till and subsoiling improved soil organic carbon and soil aggregation levels. Agron J, 2014, 106: 212–218
[47] Luo Z K, Wang E L, Sun O J Can no-tillage stimulate carbon sequestration in agricultural soils? A meta-analysis of paired experiments. Agric Ecosyst Environ, 2010, 139: 224–231
[1] 王丹, 周宝元, 马玮, 葛均筑, 丁在松, 李从锋, 赵明. 长江中游双季玉米种植模式周年气候资源分配与利用特征[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1437-1450.
[2] 王旺年, 葛均筑, 杨海昌, 阴法庭, 黄太利, 蒯婕, 王晶, 汪波, 周广生, 傅廷栋. 大田作物在不同盐碱地的饲料价值评价[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1451-1462.
[3] 颜佳倩, 顾逸彪, 薛张逸, 周天阳, 葛芊芊, 张耗, 刘立军, 王志琴, 顾骏飞, 杨建昌, 周振玲, 徐大勇. 耐盐性不同水稻品种对盐胁迫的响应差异及其机制[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1463-1475.
[4] 杨欢, 周颖, 陈平, 杜青, 郑本川, 蒲甜, 温晶, 杨文钰, 雍太文. 玉米-豆科作物带状间套作对养分吸收利用及产量优势的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1476-1487.
[5] 陈静, 任佰朝, 赵斌, 刘鹏, 张吉旺. 叶面喷施甜菜碱对不同播期夏玉米产量形成及抗氧化能力的调控[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1502-1515.
[6] 李祎君, 吕厚荃. 气候变化背景下农业气象灾害对东北地区春玉米产量影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1537-1545.
[7] 石艳艳, 马志花, 吴春花, 周永瑾, 李荣. 垄作沟覆地膜对旱地马铃薯光合特性及产量形成的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1288-1297.
[8] 闫晓宇, 郭文君, 秦都林, 王双磊, 聂军军, 赵娜, 祁杰, 宋宪亮, 毛丽丽, 孙学振. 滨海盐碱地棉花秸秆还田和深松对棉花干物质积累、养分吸收及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1235-1247.
[9] 柯健, 陈婷婷, 吴周, 朱铁忠, 孙杰, 何海兵, 尤翠翠, 朱德泉, 武立权. 沿江双季稻北缘区晚稻适宜品种类型及高产群体特征[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 1005-1016.
[10] 李瑞东, 尹阳阳, 宋雯雯, 武婷婷, 孙石, 韩天富, 徐彩龙, 吴存祥, 胡水秀. 增密对不同分枝类型大豆品种同化物积累和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 942-951.
[11] 王吕, 崔月贞, 吴玉红, 郝兴顺, 张春辉, 王俊义, 刘怡欣, 李小刚, 秦宇航. 绿肥稻秆协同还田下氮肥减量的增产和培肥短期效应[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 952-961.
[12] 闫宇婷, 宋秋来, 闫超, 刘爽, 张宇辉, 田静芬, 邓钰璇, 马春梅. 连作秸秆还田下玉米氮素积累与氮肥替代效应研究[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 962-974.
[13] 杜浩, 程玉汉, 李泰, 侯智红, 黎永力, 南海洋, 董利东, 刘宝辉, 程群. 利用Ln位点进行分子设计提高大豆单荚粒数[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 565-571.
[14] 陈云, 李思宇, 朱安, 刘昆, 张亚军, 张耗, 顾骏飞, 张伟杨, 刘立军, 杨建昌. 播种量和穗肥施氮量对优质食味直播水稻产量和品质的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 656-666.
[15] 袁嘉琦, 刘艳阳, 许轲, 李国辉, 陈天晔, 周虎毅, 郭保卫, 霍中洋, 戴其根, 张洪程. 氮密处理提高迟播栽粳稻资源利用和产量[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 667-681.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备15008789号-2