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作物学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 513-519.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.91051

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

小麦-黑麦6RS/6AL易位染色体的遗传稳定性及其在配子中的传递

李庆成,黄磊,李亚洲,范超兰,谢蝶,赵来宾,张舒洁,陈雪姣,甯顺腙,袁中伟,张连全,刘登才,郝明()   

  1. 四川农业大学小麦研究所, 四川成都 611130
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-07 接受日期:2019-12-26 出版日期:2020-04-12 网络出版日期:2020-01-16
  • 通讯作者: 郝明
  • 作者简介:李庆成, E-mail: 1808654030@qq.com;|黄磊, E-mail: 1129559183@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由四川省教育厅重点项目(16ZA0028);四川省科技厅应用基础研究面上项目资助(2019YJ0415)

Genetic stability of wheat-rye 6RS/6AL translocation chromosome and its transmission through gametes

LI Qing-Cheng,HUANG Lei,LI Ya-Zhou,FAN Chao-Lan,XIE Die,ZHAO Lai-Bin,ZHANG Shu-Jie,CHEN Xue-Jiao,NING Shun-Zong,YUAN Zhong-Wei,ZHAN Lian-Quan,LIU Deng-Cai,HAO Ming()   

  1. Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2019-08-07 Accepted:2019-12-26 Published:2020-04-12 Published online:2020-01-16
  • Contact: Ming HAO
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the Key Projects of Sichuan Provincial Department of Education(16ZA0028);the Applied Basic Research Programs of Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2019YJ0415)

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摘要：

小麦-黑麦6RS/6AL易位系HM812-41携带抗白粉病基因Pm56。为评价其育种利用潜力, 以HM812-41为亲本分别与推广品种蜀麦580、蜀麦830和蜀麦969杂交, 杂种F1与中国春进行正反交, 研究6RS/6AL易位染色体在不同背景中的遗传稳定性及其通过雌雄配子的传递规律。同时, 利用“双顶交”法改良易位系的综合农艺性状。基因组原位杂交结果表明, 6RS/6AL易位染色体在传递过程中结构稳定。6RS/6AL易位染色体可以高频率地通过雌、雄配子传递, 其传递率分别为45.05%~53.33%和43.94%~53.04%。初步分析“双顶交”F2分离群体表明, 6RS/6AL易位染色体对主要农艺性状如株高、穗长、小穗数和自交结实率没有明显的不利影响。用“双顶交”法可以快速地改良易位系的综合农艺性状。

关键词: 小麦, 黑麦, 白粉病, 6RS/6AL易位, 配子传递率, 遗传稳定性

Abstract:

The wheat-rye 6RS/6AL translocation line HM812-41 harbors the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm56. In order to evaluate the potential utilization in breeding, the translocation line was crossed to common wheat varieties Shumai 580, Shumai 830, and Shumai 969. The F1 hybrids were then reciprocally crossed with Chinese spring to estimate the genetic stability of 6RS/6AL and its transmission rate through male and female gametes in different genetic backgrounds. Double-top crossing (DTC) strategy was used to improve the agronomic traits of the translocation line. Genome in situ hybridization analysis indicated that the 6RS/6AL translocation was very stable during transmission. The 6RS/6AL translocation was transmitted to offsprings with a high frequency, which was 45.05%-53.33% for female gametes and 43.94%-53.04% for male gametes. Based on the agronomical performances of DTC F2 populations, we found that the 6RS/6AL translocation was not linked to obvious defects for major agronomic traits, such as plant height, spike length, spikelet number and seed-setting ratio in selfing. The agronomic traits of the translocation line can be obviously improved through DTC strategy.

Key words: wheat, rye (Secale cereal), powdery mildew, 6RS/6AL translocation, gamete transmission, genetic stability

图1

6RS/6AL易位系的染色体着丝粒 A: 易位系HM812-41的42条染色体。B: 探针6C6检测的易位系HM812-41着丝粒。C: 探针pAWRC.1的易位系HM812-41着丝粒。D: B和C的整合。箭头指易位染色体6RS/6AL的着丝粒。"

表1

6RS/6AL易位染色体在小麦背景中通过雌雄配子的传递率"

组合
Combination		 传递方式
Type of
transmission		 植株总数
No. of total plants		 含标记植株数
No. of plants with 6RS		 传递率
Ratio of transmission (%)		 χ2
(蜀麦580×HM812-41)×中国春
(Shumai 580×HM812-41)×CS		 雌配子Female 91 41 45.05 0.35
中国春×(蜀麦580×HM812-41)
CS×(Shumai 580×HM812-41)		 雄配子Male 93 43 46.24 0.47
(蜀麦830×HM812-41)×中国春
(Shumai 830×HM812-41)×CS		 雌配子Female 120 64 53.33 0.47
中国春×(蜀麦830×HM812-41)
CS×(Shumai 830×HM812-41)		 雄配子Male 115 61 53.04 0.51
(蜀麦969×HM812-41)×中国春
(Shumai 969×HM812-41)×CS		 雌配子Female 75 36 48.00 0.73
中国春×(蜀麦969×HM812-41)
CS×(Shumai 969×HM812-41)		 雄配子Male 66 29 43.94 0.32

图2

6RS/6AL易位系的改良流程和植株表现 A: 6RS/6AL易位系的改良流程; B: 田间植株表现。从左至右的单株分别为: 易位系HM812-41、蜀麦580、蜀麦830、蜀麦969、蜀麦969/HM812-41 F1、蜀麦969/HM812-41//蜀麦830 F1、蜀麦969/HM812-41//蜀麦830/3/WJL3931 F1和蜀麦969/HM812-41//蜀麦830/3/WJL3931 F2。"

图3

两个“双顶交”F2分离群体的主要农艺性状表现 A: 株高; B: 穗长; C: 小穗数; D: 自交结实率。Pop.1+和Pop.1-分别表示含和不含6RS/6AL易位染色体的蜀麦969/HM812-41//蜀麦830/3/WJL3931 F2亚群体; Pop.2+和Pop.2-分别表示含和不含6RS/6AL易位染色体的蜀麦969/HM812-41//WJL5606/3/蜀麦126 F2亚群体。**: 表示含(+)与不含(-)6RS/6AL易位染色体亚群体间差异极显著(两尾t-test, P < 0.01)。"

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