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作物学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (11): 1801-1809.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.04049

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

低浓度呕吐毒素作为激发子对马铃薯抗干腐病的诱导及其作用机制

赵潇璨1(), 徐永清1, 贺付蒙1, 孙美丽1, 袁强1, 王雪1, 孔德兴1, 刘丹1, 冯艳忠2, 陈赫书2, 田明2, 刘娣2, 李凤兰1,*()   

  1. 1 东北农业大学生命科学学院, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150030
    2 黑龙江省农业科学院, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150086
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-28 接受日期:2020-07-02 出版日期:2020-11-12 网络出版日期:2020-07-17
  • 通讯作者: 李凤兰
  • 作者简介:E-mail:ZXC1656068953@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家自然科学基金青年项目(31201470);国家自然科学基金项目(J1210069);哈尔滨市应用科技研究与开发项目(2015RAQXJ021)

Low concentration of vomitoxin as elicitor induced resistance of dry rot disease of potato and its mechanism

ZHAO Xiao-Can1(), XU Yong-Qing1, HE Fu-Meng1, SUN Mei-Li1, YUAN Qiang1, WANG Xue1, KONG De-Xing1, LIU Dan1, FENG Yan-Zhong2, CHEN He-Shu2, TIAN Ming2, LIU Di2, LI Feng-Lan1,*()   

  1. 1 College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
    2 Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2020-02-28 Accepted:2020-07-02 Published:2020-11-12 Published online:2020-07-17
  • Contact: Feng-Lan LI
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the Youth Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(31201470);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(J1210069);the Harbin Applied Science and Technology Research and Development Project(2015RAQXJ021)

摘要:

干腐病是马铃薯窖储过程中镰刀菌侵染引发的真菌病害, 严重影响了马铃薯的商品价值。呕吐毒素(vomitoxin, DON)又称脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇, 是马铃薯干腐病致病镰刀菌在侵染薯块过程中产生的次生代谢产物。生物防治是病害防治的有效方法, 其中采用生物因子作为激发子诱导植物系统抗性的方法成为热门。本研究采用低浓度DON作为激发子对马铃薯块茎进行处理, 确定其在马铃薯抗干腐病中的作用及诱导马铃薯系统获得抗性(systemic acquired resistance, SAR)作用机制, 为马铃薯干腐病的生物防治提供理论依据。DON处理对马铃薯干腐病的扩展具有一定的影响, 且存在浓度效应, 其中5 ng mL-1DON处理马铃薯4 h能有效降低接种接骨木镰刀菌马铃薯块茎的干腐病病斑直径扩展; 低浓度DON处理提高了块茎组织的SOD、POD、几丁质酶、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性, 减少细胞膜过氧化产物MDA的积累; 薯块内的苯丙烷代谢关键酶PAL和4CL的活性升高, 促进了代谢产物总酚、类黄酮、木质素和花青素的积累。同时DON作为激发子可诱导马铃薯块茎中内源信号分子SA、JA和ET的含量增加, 植物系统抗性的调控基因NPR1的表达量上调。

关键词: 马铃薯, 干腐病, 镰刀菌, 呕吐毒素, 激发子, 诱导抗性

Abstract:

Dry rot disease is a fungal disease caused by Fusarium sp. infection in the process of potato cellar storage, which seriously affects the commercial value. Vomitoxin (DON), also known as deoxynivalenol, is a secondary metabolite produced by fusarium sp. in the process of infecting potato lump. Biological control is an effective method of disease control. Using biological factors as elicitors to induce plant system produce disease resistance has become a hot research topic. In this study, in order to provide theoretical basis for biological control of dry rot disease, potato tubers were treated with low concentration of DON as elicitor to determine its role in the resistance to dry rot disease and the mechanism of inducing systemic acquired resistance (SAR) of potato. DON treatment had a certain effect on the development of dry rot disease, and affected by the concentration. The treatment of potato tubers with 5 ng mL-1 DON for four hours could effectively reduce the diameter expansion of dry rot disease lesions induced by Fusarium sambucinum. Low concentration of DON increased the activities of SOD, POD, chitinase and β-1, 3-glucanase in tuber tissue, and decreased the accumulation of MDA. DON treatment increased the activities of PAL and 4CL, the key enzymes of phenylpropane metabolism, and promoted the accumulation of total phenols, flavonoids, lignin and anthocyanins. Meanwhile, the content of endogenous signal molecules SA, JA, and ET in potato tubers could be increased by using DON as elicitor, and the expression of NPR1 (regulatory gene of plant systemic resistance) was increased.

Key words: potato, dry rot disease, Fusarium sp., vomitoxin, elicitor, induced resistance

表1

Real time-PCR引物序列"

目的基因
Objective gene
引物名称
Primer name
引物序列
Primer sequence (5°-3°)
NPR1 NPR1-F CAGTGTGCTCGCCTATTTGTAT
NPR1-R GGTGTCGCTGAAACTTGTCG
Actin Actin-F GCTTCCCGATGGTCAAGTCA
Actin-R GGATTCCAGCTGCTTCCATTC

图1

不同浓度DON处理对马铃薯块茎接种接骨木镰刀菌病斑直径的影响 DON: 呕吐毒素。柱形图上不同小写字母表示差异显著(P < 0.05)。"

图2

DON处理6 h时接菌培养10 d后薯块内部形态变化 a~l分别代表无菌水、1 ng mL-1 DON、5 ng mL-1 DON、10 ng mL-1 DON、15 ng mL-1 DON、20 ng mL-1 DON、25 ng mL-1 DON、30 ng mL-1 DON、35 ng mL-1 DON、40 ng mL-1 DON、45 ng mL-1 DON、50 ng mL-1 DON处理。DON: 呕吐毒素。"

图3

DON处理不同时间对马铃薯块茎接种接骨木镰刀菌病斑大小的影响 DON: 呕吐毒素。柱形图上不同小写字母表示差异显著(P < 0.05)。"

图4

无菌水与DON处理后接菌培养10 d后薯块内部形态变化 DON: 呕吐毒素。"

图5

DON处理马铃薯块茎抗氧化性指标的变化 DON: 呕吐毒素; SOD: 超氧化物歧化酶; POD: 过氧化物酶; MDA: 丙二醛。*表示在0.05水平上显著; **表示在0.01水平上显著。"

图6

DON处理马铃薯块茎细胞壁防御酶的变化 DON: 呕吐毒素。*表示在0.05水平上显著; **表示在0.01水平上显著。"

图7

DON处理马铃薯块茎苯丙烷代谢关键酶活性及产物含量的变化 DON: 呕吐毒素。*表示在0.05水平上显著; **表示在0.01水平上显著。"

图8

DON处理马铃薯块茎内源激素含量的变化 DON: 呕吐毒素; SA: 水杨酸; JA: 茉莉酸; ET: 乙烯。*表示在0.05水平上显著; **表示在0.01水平显著。"

图9

DON处理马铃薯NPR1基因相对表达量变化 DON: 呕吐毒素。柱形图上不同小写字母表示差异显著(P < 0.05)。"

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