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作物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11): 2724-2732.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.14201

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

花生籽仁脂肪和蔗糖含量的胚、细胞质、母体遗传效应分析

胡美玲1(), 薛晓梦1, 吴洁1, 郅晨阳1, 刘念1, 陈小平2, 王瑾3, 晏立英1, 王欣1, 陈玉宁1, 康彦平1, 王志慧1, 淮东欣1,*(), 姜慧芳1, 雷永1,*(), 廖伯寿1   

  1. 1中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 / 农业农村部遗传育种重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430062
    2广东省农业科学院作物研究所, 广东广州 510640
    3河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所, 河北石家庄 050035
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-26 接受日期:2022-01-05 出版日期:2022-11-12 网络出版日期:2022-02-14
  • 通讯作者: 淮东欣,雷永
  • 作者简介:第一作者联系方式: E-mail: hml13419876358@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD1000901);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B020219003);河北省重点研发计划项目(21326316D);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2021BBA077);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(Y2021CG05);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610172019003)

Genetic analysis of embryo, cytoplasm, and maternal effects for fat and sucrose contents in peanut seed

HU Mei-Ling1(), XUE Xiao-Meng1, WU Jie1, ZHI Chen-Yang1, LIU Nian1, CHEN Xiao-Ping2, WANG Jin3, YAN Li-Ying1, WANG Xin1, CHEN Yu-Ning1, KANG Yan-Ping1, WANG Zhi-Hui1, HUAI Dong-Xin1,*(), JIANG Hui-Fang1, LEI Yong1,*(), LIAO Bo-Shou1   

  1. 1Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China
    2Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
    3Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China
  • Received:2021-10-26 Accepted:2022-01-05 Published:2022-11-12 Published online:2022-02-14
  • Contact: HUAI Dong-Xin,LEI Yong
  • Supported by:
    The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD1000901);The Key Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2020B020219003);The Key Area Research and Development Program of Hebei Province(21326316D);The Key Area Research and Development Program of Hubei Province(2021BBA077);The Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(Y2021CG05);The Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(1610172019003)

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摘要：

脂肪和蔗糖含量是影响花生品质的重要因素, 了解其遗传特性是开展花生品质改良的理论基础。本研究利用5份脂肪含量和蔗糖含量存在显著差异的花生品系配置不完全双列杂交, 采用广义遗传模型对籽仁中脂肪和蔗糖含量的胚、细胞质和母体遗传效应进行分析。结果表明, 脂肪含量主要受胚加性效应控制, 其次为母体加性效应; 蔗糖含量主要受母体加性效应控制。相关性分析发现, 花生籽仁中脂肪含量和蔗糖含量显著负相关(r = -0.886**), 其中以胚加性相关和细胞质相关为主。杂交亲本遗传效应预测值表明, 高脂肪含量品系18-1951和高蔗糖含量品种冀花甜1号是优良的供体亲本, 以其为亲本, 分别有利于提高花生籽仁的脂肪和蔗糖含量。

关键词: 花生, 脂肪含量, 蔗糖含量, 遗传效应

Abstract:

The contents of fat and sucrose are important factors to peanut quality, and revealing their hereditary properties is critical to improve the quality in peanut. In this study, the analysis of embryo, cytoplasm, and maternal effects for fat and sucrose contents in peanut seed were conducted by using general genetic model. Five peanut lines with significantly different fat and sucrose contents were selected as parents for incomplete diallel crosses. The results indicated that the fat content was mainly controlled by embryo additive effect, followed by maternal additive effect. The sucrose content was primarily governed by maternal additive effect. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significantly negative correlation between fat and sucrose contents in peanut seed (r = -0.886**), which was mostly managed by embryo additive and cytoplasmic effects. Predicted genetic effects suggested that 18-1951 with high fat content and JHT1 with high sucrose content were superior donor parents for improving the contents of fat and sucrose in peanut, respectively.

Key words: peanut, fat content, sucrose content, genetic effect

表1

亲本籽仁脂肪和蔗糖含量"

品种
Variety		 脂肪含量
Fat content		 蔗糖含量
Sucrose content
18-1951 58.03 2.23
18-3101 57.23 1.99
中花26 Zhonghua 26 54.34 3.81
A1507-3 48.55 6.12
冀花甜1号 Jihuatian 1 47.60 7.48

表2

用于鉴定F1杂种的引物"

引物名称
Primer name		 引物序列
Primer sequence (5°-3°)		 适用组合
Identified cross
PM16-8 F: TCGGGCCATGCACACCCCTAAT 18-1951 × A1507-3; A1507-3 × 18-951
中花26 × A1507-3; 中花26 × 冀花甜1号
Zhonghua 26 × A1507-3; Zhonghua 26 × Jihuatian 1
R: CCATCCCTACCTGTAAACCACT
AGGS1425 F: CATCAGCGCAGGATAAATCAA 冀花甜1号× A1507-3; A1507-3 × 冀花甜1号
Jihuatian 1 × A1507-3; A1507-3 × Jihuatian 1
R: CTGAAGGAGTTTGCAGGAACTT
AGGS1446 F: CCTTTGTGCTTTCAGACAATGA 18-3101 × 18-1951; 18-1951 × 18-3101
R: GCTCCTTCTCTCTCGCTTCTAA

附表1

F1真假杂种鉴定"

组合
Cross combination		 真杂种个数
No. of true F1 plants		 总个数
Total number of F1 plants		 真杂种率
Rate of true F1 plants (%)
18-1951 × A1507-3 26 26 100
A1507-3 × 18-1951 8 8 100
冀花甜1号 × A1507-3 Jihuatian 1 × A1507-3 15 16 93.75
A1507-3 × 冀花甜1号 A1507-3 × Jihuatian 1 14 16 87.5
18-3101 × 18-1951 8 8 100
18-1951 × 18-3101 12 12 100
中花26 × A1507-3 Zhonghua 26 × A1507-3 12 12 100
中花26 × 冀花甜1号Zhonghua 26 × Jihuatian 1 9 15 60

图1

F1及其亲本的籽仁脂肪含量分布 柱上不同小写字母表示不同组别的差异达0.05显著水平。ZH26: 中花26; JHT1: 冀花甜1号。"

图2

F1及其亲本的籽仁蔗糖含量的分布 柱上不同小写字母表示不同组别的差异达0.05显著水平。ZH26: 中花26; JHT1: 冀花甜1号。"

表3

花生籽仁脂肪含量和蔗糖含量遗传方差分量估计值"

方差
Variance		 脂肪含量
Fat content		 蔗糖含量
Sucrose content
胚加性方差 Embryo addictive variance (VA) 5.0205** 0.0660
胚显性方差 Embryo dominance variance (VD) 0.0974 0.1669*
细胞质效应 Cytoplasmic variance (VC) 0.2854** 0.2049**
母体加性效应 Maternal additive variance (VAm) 2.2833** 1.6391**
母体显性效应 Maternal dominance variance (VDm) 0.2885** 0.2049**
机误 Residual variance (V) 0.2621* 0.0208

表4

花生脂肪含量和蔗糖含量的遗传率分析"

遗传率
Heritability		 脂肪含量
Fat content		 蔗糖含量
Sucrose content
胚狭义遗传率 Embryo narrow heritability 0.6097** 0.0287
胚广义遗传率 Embryo broad heritability 0.6216** 0.1012**
细胞质遗传率 Cytoplasmic heritability 0.0347** 0.0890**
母体狭义遗传率 Maternal narrow heritability 0.2773** 0.7118**
母体广义遗传率 Maternal broad heritability 0.3122** 0.8008**

表5

花生脂肪含量和蔗糖含量相关分量估计值"

参数
Parameter		 脂肪含量与蔗糖含量
Fat content and sucrose content
胚加性相关 Embryo additive correlation (rA) -1.0000**
胚显性相关 Embryo additive correlation (rD) 0.5411**
细胞质相关 Cytoplasmic correlation (rC) -1.0000**
母体加性相关 Maternal additive correlation (rAm) -0.0943**
母体显性相关 Maternal dominance correlation (rDm) 0.0349*

表6

花生籽仁脂肪含量的遗传效应预测值"

亲本
Parent		 胚加性效应
Embryo additive effect		 细胞质效应
Cytoplasmic effect		 母体加性效应
Maternal additive effect		 总和
Total
18-1951 1.1962** 0.3688* 0.7326* 3.0226
18-3101 0.9871* 0.7326** 1.4652** 3.1795
中花26 Zhonghua 26 0.3499 0.1741* 0.3483* 0.8673
A1507-3 -2.2249* -0.4382** -0.8764** -3.5395
冀花甜1号 Jihuatian 1 -0.8551** -0.9676** -1.9353** -3.7580

表7

花生蔗糖含量的遗传效应预测值"

亲本
Parent		 胚加性效应
Embryo additive effect		 细胞质效应
Cytoplasmic effect		 母体加性效应
Maternal additive effect		 总和
Total
18-1951 -0.2190 -0.3013** -0.6026** -1.1229
18-3101 -1.1775 -0.4601** -0.9202** -1.5578
中花26 Zhonghua 26 0.0381 -0.2691** -0.5383** -0.7693
A1507-3 0.1930 0.2705** 0.5410** 1.0045
冀花甜1号 Jihuatian 1 0.0920 0.7195** 1.4390** 2.2505
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