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作物学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (1): 86-96.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.12079
徐凯1(
), 郑兴飞2, 张红燕1, 胡中立3, 宁子岚1, 李兰芝1,*()
XU Kai1(), ZHENG Xing-Fei2, ZHANG Hong-Yan1, HU Zhong-Li3, NING Zi-Lan1, LI Lan-Zhi1,*()
摘要：
抽穗期受光温资源和基因网络的共同调控, 影响作物产量和品种的地域适应性, 通过关联分析鉴定与抽穗期性状相关的显著位点和基因, 对解析抽穗期的遗传基础具有重要意义。本研究按照双因素交叉式遗传设计(North Carolina design II, NCII)将115份籼稻品种作为父本, 5份不育系作为母本, 进行测交, 得到了575个F1代的测交群体。对亲本和F1代抽穗期的表型值、亲本品种群体的一般配合力、F1代群体的特殊配合力和超亲优势值进行全基因组关联分析, (1) 共定位到104个关联位点, 分布在12条染色体上。其中, 第4条染色体上检测到的显著位点最多, 为16个。在亲本的抽穗期表型、一般配合力、F1代的抽穗期表型、特殊配合力、超亲优势值5个数据集中分别检测到6、5、15、57和21个。对这5个数据集中的显著关联位点进行表型变异分析, 发现在亲本抽穗期表型、一般配合力、F1代抽穗期表型、特殊配合力和超亲优势值这5个数据集中的显著关联位点对表型变异的总贡献率(phenotypic variation explained, PVE)分别为79.57%、10.51%、33.35%、56.42%和54.86%。其中, 25个位点在多个数据集中被检测到, 可能为抽穗期相关的热点区域。(2) 通过关联分析得到的显著位点与日本晴参考基因组注释信息比对, 共检测到5个已克隆抽穗期基因, 其中3个基因与显著关联位点的基因组距离小于200 kb, 对这3个基因中的单倍型组合与单个基因的优异单倍型进行比较发现, 亲本品种群体中单倍型组合SDG724 (Hap.A)_Hd17 (Hap. E)_Ghd7 (Hap. A)的对应的水稻单株籽粒产量较高, 抽穗期较长, 该组合中各基因的单倍型对应于单个克隆基因的优异单倍型, 表明优异单倍型的聚合的常规稻, 具有更高的产量和更长的抽穗期。测交子代未见此情形, 测交子代群体中SDG724 (Hap. I)_Hd17 (Hap. K)_Ghd7 (Hap. I)的单倍型组合形式的水稻有适中的抽穗期和较高的产量, 说明测交子代的抽穗期遗传机制较父本(常规水稻品种)复杂。全基因组关联分析和单倍型分析相结合, 能利用到多个SNP提供的连锁不平衡信息, 提高了基因检测效率, 对培育高产的水稻品种具有重要的指导意义。
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