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作物学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (2): 343-353.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.24035

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

春播早熟区高粱杂种优势群及杂种优势模式分析

陈冰嬬1(), 于淼1, 葛占宇2, 李洪奎3, 黄炎3, 李海青1, 石贵山1, 谢利1, 徐宁1, 闫峰4, 高士杰1, 周紫阳1,*(), 王鼐1,*   

  1. 1吉林省农业科学院作物资源研究所, 吉林长春 130033
    2赤峰市农牧科学研究所, 内蒙古赤峰 024031
    3吉林省白城市农业科学院, 吉林白城 137000
    4黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院, 黑龙江齐齐哈尔 161006
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-07 接受日期:2022-05-05 出版日期:2022-05-31 网络出版日期:2022-05-31
  • 通讯作者: 周紫阳,王鼐
  • 作者简介:E-mail: chenbingru1979@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    高粱遗传与种质创新山西省重点实验室项目青年基金课题(2016K-01);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20210202001NC);吉林省农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2021DX005);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-06)

Analysis of heterotic groups and heterosis patterns of sorghum in early- maturing area

CHEN Bing-Ru1(), YU Miao1, GE Zhan-Yu2, LI Hong-Kui3, HUANG Yan3, LI Hai-Qing1, SHI Gui-Shan1, XIE Li1, XU Ning1, YAN Feng4, GAO Shi-Jie1, ZHOU Zi-Yang1,*(), WANG Nai1,*   

  1. 1Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
    2Chifeng Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng 024031, Inner Mongolia, China
    3Jilin Province Baicheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baicheng 137000, Jilin, China
    4Qiqihar Sub-academy of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161006, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2022-02-07 Accepted:2022-05-05 Published:2022-05-31 Published online:2022-05-31
  • Contact: ZHOU Zi-Yang,WANG Nai
  • Supported by:
    Youth Fund of Key Laboratory of Sorghum Genetics and Germplasm Innovation in Shanxi Province(2016K-01);Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin Province(20210202001NC);Science and Technology Innovation Project of Jilin Province(CXGC2021DX005);China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-06)

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摘要：

杂种优势群的划分对于拓宽亲本间遗传基础、提高育种效率, 培育突破性新品种具有重要的指导作用。本研究利用全基因组重测序技术对55份春播早熟区40余年生产中主推杂交种亲本系进行全基因组扫描, 分析其群体结构, 估算遗传距离, 划分杂种优势群, 分析主推杂交种的杂种优势模式。结果表明, 利用全基因组5×测序, 过滤到1,304,623个高质量SNP标记用于群体结构分析和杂种优势类群划分。55份高粱亲本系平均遗传距离为0.704, 变幅0.627~0.927。多态信息含量(polymorphism information content, PIC)平均为0.2935, 变幅为0.1~0.5。群体结构和主成分分析将55份亲本系划分为4个杂种优势群: 都拉群(Durra, D群)、卡佛尔/都拉群(Kafir/Durra, KD群)、俄罗斯/卡佛尔群(Russia/Kafir, RK群)、中国高粱群(Kaoliang, K群)。25个主推杂交种中76%的杂交种杂种优势模式为Kafir/Durra×Kaoliang模式, 主推高粱杂交种的不育系主要来源于引自国外的Kafir和Durra群, 恢复系多来源于我国自产的Kaoliang群。本研究的群体结构分析及其划分的杂种优势群阐明了春播早熟区高粱亲本系的遗传基础, 为亲本系改良和杂种优势模式创新研究提供科学依据。

关键词: 高粱, 亲本系, 单核苷酸多态(SNP), 杂种优势, 杂种优势群, 杂种优势模式

Abstract:

The division of heterotic groups can play an important guiding role in broadening the genetic basis of parents, improving breeding efficiency and developing breakthrough new hybrids. In this study, we used the whole genome resequencing technology to scan the whole genome of 55 parent lines of dominant hybrids lines in spring sowing early maturing region for more than 40 years, analyzed their population structure, estimated genetic distance, divided heterosis groups, and analyzed heterosis patterns of dominant hybrid lines. The results showed that the genetic distance of 55 germplasm were 0.704, with a range of 0.627-0.927, and the average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.2935, range from 0.1 to 0.5. Fifty-five parents’ lines were classified into 4 heterotic groups that Durra, Kafir/Durra, Russia/Kafir, Kaoliang by the population structure and principal components analysis. Meanwhile, heterosis models of 76% hybrids of 25 main release hybrids from 1973-2014 years were Kafir/Durra × Kaoliang. The sterile line of main release hybrids was derived from Kafir and durra groups from abroad, and the restorer lines were derived from the Kaoliang group produced in China. The heterotic groups divided in this study clarified the genetic basis of sorghum parents’ lines in early- maturing area in China, which provided a scientific basis for the improvement of parental lines and the innovation of heterotic patterns.

Key words: sorghum, parental lines, SNP, heterosis, heterotic groups, heterotic patterns

表1

春播早熟区高粱亲本系名称和系谱"

编号
No.		 种质名称
Germplasm name		 系谱
Pedigree
1 1230B (TX 3197B×矬1B)×黑30B (TX 3197B×Cuo 1B)×Hei 30B
2 黑龙30B Heilong 30B “库班红”天然杂交株 Natural hybrid of Kuban red
3 忻4B Xin 4B 山西省忻县地区农业科学研究所选育
Bred by Xinxian Regional Institute of Agricultural Sciences, China
4 4190B (1105B×麦辽B)×TAM428 (1105B×Mailiao B)×TAM428
5 哲15B Zhe 15B 哲里木盟农业科学研究所选育 Bred by Zhelimu League Institute of Agricultural Sciences, China
6 2316B T239B/1031B
7 赤6B Chi 6B TX 3197B×212小青米 TX 3197B×212 Xiaoqingmi
8 314B TX3197B×库班红 TX 3197B×Kuban red
9 吉2055B Ji 2055B 314B×A2V4B
10 吉5535B Ji 5535B 521B×2055B
11 繁8B Fan 8B 197B×大同B×314B 197B×Datong B×314B
12 QL33B 澳大利亚引进 Introduced from Australia
13 404B 403B×TX622B
14 TX623B TX3197B×SCD-170-6 (IS12661)
15 辽宁黏B Liaoningnian B 辽宁省农业科学院选育 Bred by Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
16 吉521B Ji 521B 406B×ICS-34B
17 406B 印度高粱群体材料 Indian sorghum population material
18 A2V4 V4 (PICKLET)
19 L407B ICS12B×(TAM428×TNS30)
20 5222B 印度高粱群体材料 Indian sorghum population material
21 SX44B (V4B×F4B)×V4B
22 TAM428B 美国引进 Introduced from USA
23 352B 421B (SPL132A)×TAM428B
24 7050B 421B (SPL132A)×TAM428B
25 MHB 美国引进 Introduced from USA
26 晋长早B Jinchangzao B 大同10B×(TX623×TAM428) Datong 10B×(TX623×TAM428)
27 赤恢428 Chihui 428 赤峰农牧科学院选育
Bred by Chifeng Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, China
28 哈恢144 Hahui 144 黑龙江省农业科学院选育 Bred by Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
29 吉R117 Ji R117 LR9198天然变异株 Natural hybrid of LR9198
30 LR9198 矮四(矮202×4003)×5-26 (沈4003//IS2914/7511)
Aisi (Ai 202×4003)×5-26 (Shen 4003//IS2914/7511)
31 吉R159 Ji R159 吉R117×吉R5062 Ji R117×Ji R5062
32 吉2731B Ji 2731B 红棒子×黑壳打锣锤Hongbangzi × Heikedaluochui
33 299 恢5×黏/6115 Hui 5×Nian/6115
34 哈恢75 Hahui 75 大红棒 Dahongbang
35 盘陀早 Pantuozao 山西祁县地方品种Qixian landraces in Shanxi, China
36 5933 5903×三尺三 5903×Sanchisan
37 7788 忻粱7号×平罗娃娃头 Xinliang 7×Pingluowawatou
38 6115 3814 (早熟亨加利×洋高粱)×二青叶 3814 (Zaoshuhengjiali×Yangkaolaing)×Erqingye
39 7313 3814 (早熟亨加利×洋高粱)×护4 3814 (Zaoshuhengjiali×Yangkaolaing)×Hu 4
40 7384 3814 (早熟亨加利×洋高粱)×护4 3814 (Zaoshuhengjiali×Yangkaolaing)×Hu 4
41 2598 吉林省农业科学院选育 Bred by Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
42 吉R9060 Ji R9060 盘九七×奥红矮C42y×L116R Panjiuqi×aohong’ai C42y×L116R
43 南108 Nan 108 L116×矮四 L116×Aisi
44 忻粱52 Xiliang 52 三尺三× (九头鸟×盘陀高粱) Sanchisan×(Jiutouniao×Pantuogaoliang)
45 吉R105 Ji R105 309-4×R132
46 吉R107 Ji R107 亨加利高粱后代319-4×304-4 Progeny of Hengeri sorghum 319-4×304-4
47 吉R8036 Ji R8036 亨加利高粱后代319-4×304-4 Progeny of Hengeri sorghum 319-4×304-4
48 吉R109 Ji R109 HM65 (晋粱5/三尺三/沈409*八52*渤1*晋2)×1105B
HM65 (Jinliang 5/sanchisan/Shen 409*Ba 52*Bo 1*Jin 2)×1105B
49 吉恢13 Jihui 13 恢10 (2731B×7043B×9127) Hui 10 (2731B×7043B×9127)
50 LR116 晋粱5号/铁恢6号 Jinliang 5/Tiehui 6
51 南133 Nan 133 忻粱52×VI494 Xinliang 52×VI494
52 T180 铁岭市农业科学院选育 Bred by Tieling Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
53 0-30 (分枝大红穗×晋梁5号)×(晋辐1号×辽阳猪跷脚)
(Branch big red spike×Jinliang 5)×(Jinfu 1×Liaoyangzhuqiaojiao)
54 7616-533 (NK300×晋辐)×享长×17/6115 (NK300×Jinfu)×Henglong×17/6115
55 三尺三 Sanchisan 山西汾阳地方品种 Fenyang landraces in Shanxi, China

图1

春播早熟区高粱亲本系遗传距离 红色表示遗传距离较远, 蓝色表示遗传距离较近。"

图2

春播早熟区高粱亲本系聚类分析、群体结构和主成分分析 A: 55个高粱亲本系聚类分析、群体结构结果图。55份高粱亲本系K=2~4的群体结构。每条横线代表一个亲本系, 不同颜色代表基因型来源不同。当K=4时, 群体可分为都拉群、卡佛尔/都拉群、俄罗斯/卡佛尔群、中国高粱群。B: 55个高粱亲本系3个主成分分析结果图。黑点表示卡佛尔/都拉群、蓝点表示中国高粱群、绿点表示都拉群和红点表示俄罗斯/卡佛尔群。"

表2

春播早熟区主推高粱杂交种杂种优势模式"

编号
No.		 杂交种名称
Hybrids name		 母本
Female		 父本
Male		 遗传距离
Genetic
distance		 杂优模式1
Heterosis pattern 1		 杂优模式2
Heterotic Patterns 2		 审定年份
Released year
1 敖杂1号Aoza 1 314A 5933 0.7358 倾南非类型×中国类型 Trend South African×Kaoliang KD×K 1973
2 吉杂26 Jiza 26 吉2731A Ji 2731A 7313 0.7358 中国类型×中国类型Kaoliang×Kaoliang K×K 1978
3 吉杂27 Jiza 27 吉2731A Ji 2731A 6115 0.8463 中国类型×中国类型Kaoliang×Kaoliang K×K 1978
4 吉杂52 Jiza 52 黑龙30A Heilong 30A 吉恢13Jihui 13 0.7424 中国类型×中国类型Kaoliang×Kaoliang RK×K 1979
5 四杂21 Siza 21 404A 忻粱52 Xinliang 52 0.7557 印度类型×中国类型Indian×Kaoliang KD×K 1995
6 辽杂10 Liaiza 10 7050A LR9198 0.7235 南非类型×中国类型South African×Kaoliang KD×K 1997
7 四杂25 Siza 25 TAM428A 南133 Nan 133 0.6876 倾南非类型×中国类型Trend South African×Kaoliang KD×K 1998
8 吉杂83 Jiza 83 352A L116 0.7092 倾印度类型×中国类型Trend Indian×Kaoliang KD×K 1999
9 白杂8 Baiza 8 QL33A 2598 0.7152 倾南非类型×中国类型Trend South African ×Kaoliang KD×K 1999
10 四杂29 Siza 29 哲15A Zhe 15A 南108 Nan 108 0.7466 南非类型×倾中国类型South African×Trend Kaoliang KD×K 1999
11 四杂30 Siza 30 QL33A 南108 Nan 108 0.7337 倾南非类型×倾中国类型Trend South African×Trend Kaoliang KD×K 2000
12 吉杂90 Jiza 90 4190A 吉R9060 Ji R9060 0.7220 倾南非类型×中国类型Trend South African×Kaoliang KD×K 2001
13 吉杂96 Jiza 96 5222A 南133 Nan 133 0.6993 印度类型×中国类型Indian ×Kaoliang D×K 2003
14 吉杂97 Jiza 97 352A 南133 Nan 133 0.7052 倾南非类型×中国类型Trend South African×Kaoliang KD×K 2004
15 吉杂99 Jiza 99 TAM428A 吉R107 Ji R107 0.7433 倾南非类型×倾中国类型Trend South African×Trend Kaoliang KD×K 2005
16 吉杂118 Jiza 118 吉2055A Ji 2055A 吉R8036 Ji R8036 0.7295 倾南非类型×倾中国类型Trend South African×Trend Kaoliang KD×K 2007
17 吉杂210 Jiza 210 吉2055A Ji 2055A 南133 Nan 133 0.7276 倾南非类型×倾中国类型Trend South African×Trend Kaoliang KD×K 2008
18 吉杂121 Jiza 121 314A 吉R105 Ji R105 0.7457 倾中国类型×倾亨加利类型Trend Kaoliang ×Trend Hengeri KD×K 2008
19 吉杂305 Jiza 305 吉521A Ji 521A 0-30 0.7151 印度类型×倾中国类型Indian ×Trend Kaoliang D×K 2008
20 吉杂123 Jiza 123 晋长早A Jinchangzao A 吉R105 Ji R105 0.7519 倾南非类型×倾亨加利类型Trend South African×Trend Hengeri KD×K 2009
21 吉杂122 Jiza 122 吉2055A Ji 2055A 吉R105 Ji R105 0.7451 倾南非类型×倾亨加利类型Trend South African ×Trend Hengeri KD×K 2009
22 吉杂124 Jiza 124 吉2055A Ji 2055A 吉R107 Ji R107 0.7276 倾南非类型×倾亨加利类型Trend South African×Trend Hengeri KD×K 2009
23 吉杂127 Jiza 127 吉2055A Ji 2055A 吉R117 Ji R117 0.7543 倾南非类型×倾中国类型Trend South African×Trend Kaoliang KD×K 2010
24 吉杂130 Jiza 130 吉2055A Ji 2055A T180 0.7259 倾南非类型×倾中国类型Trend South African×Trend Kaoliang KD×K 2010
25 吉杂141 Jiza 141 1230A 吉R109 Ji R109 0.7303 中国类型×中国类型Kaoliang×Kaoliang RK×K 2014
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