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作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (4): 926-937.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.24080

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

甘薯耐低钾基因型苗期筛选及综合评价

刘明1,2(), 范文静1,3, 赵鹏1, 靳容1, 张强强1, 朱晓亚1, 王静1, 李强1,2,*()   

  1. 1江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所/农业农村部甘薯生物学与遗传育种重点实验室, 江苏徐州 221131
    2江苏师范大学, 江苏徐州 221116
    3安徽农业大学农学院, 安徽合肥 230036
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-02 接受日期:2022-07-21 出版日期:2023-04-12 网络出版日期:2022-08-18
  • 通讯作者: *李强, E-mail: instrong@163.com
  • 作者简介:E-mail: liuming0506@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-10);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD1000704);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2021311)

Genotypes screening and comprehensive evaluation of sweetpotato tolerant to low potassium stress at seedling stage

LIU Ming1,2(), FAN Wen-Jing1,3, ZHAO Peng1, JIN Rong1, ZHANG Qiang-Qiang1, ZHU Xiao-Ya1, WANG Jing1, LI Qiang1,2,*()   

  1. 1Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District/Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xuzhou 221131, Jiangsu, China
    2Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
    3College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
  • Received:2022-04-02 Accepted:2022-07-21 Published:2023-04-12 Published online:2022-08-18
  • Contact: *E-mail: instrong@163.com
  • Supported by:
    China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-10);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD1000704);Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province(BE2021311)

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摘要：

为建立甘薯苗期耐低钾能力评价体系, 筛选耐低钾和低钾敏感型甘薯材料, 通过水培试验设置了低钾胁迫(0 mmol L-1 K2O)和正常钾处理(10 mmol L-1 K2O), 对来自国内外不同薯区的214份甘薯品种(系)材料进行培养, 收集生物量、钾积累量、钾含量、钾利用效率等11个性状表征值, 计算各指标耐低钾胁迫指数。利用综合隶属函数法, 进行主成分分析、回归分析和聚类分析, 综合评价各甘薯材料耐低钾能力。结果表明, 不同甘薯材料在2个钾水平下的生物量和钾吸收利用特征均有明显差异; 低钾胁迫下地上部干重(SB)、地上部干物质增加量(SBI)、根系干物质增加量(RBI)、总干物质增加量(PBI)、地上部钾积累量(KAS)、根钾积累量(KAR)、总钾积累量(KAP)、地上部钾含量(KCS)和根系钾含量(KCR)等9个指标与正常钾处理相比均降低29%以上, 而根冠比(RSR)和钾生理利用效率(KUE)分别提高29.63%和120.56%。低钾胁迫下, 不同甘薯材料的SB、SBI、PBI、KAS、KAP、KCS、KCR和KUE等8个指标的变异系数均高于正常钾处理。对11个指标的耐低钾胁迫指数进行主成分分析, 选择了3个主成分, 累计方差贡献率达82.86%; 11个指标的耐低钾敏感指数均与耐低钾综合评价值(Y)极显著相关。选择了SBI、RBI、PBI、KAS、KAR、KAP等6个指标作为筛选评价指标, 根据聚类热图分析将214份甘薯材料划分为耐低钾型、中间型和不耐低钾型; 方差分析表明, 耐低钾型品种与其他类型品种相比具有较高的耐低钾胁迫指数, Y值也排列前位, 验证了聚类结果的准确性。综合本研究结果, SBI、RBI、PBI、KAS、KAR、KAP等6个指标可作为甘薯苗期耐低钾能力筛选的首选指标; 筛选出甘薯苗期耐低钾能力最强的6个品种, 分别为济紫薯18号、广紫薯2号、龙薯710、泰中6号、胜利百号、龙薯9号。

关键词: 甘薯, 耐低钾胁迫, 品种筛选, 评价指标

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to establish a low potassium (K) tolerant evaluation system for sweetpotato at seedling stage and to screen sweetpotato materials with low-K-tolerant and low-K-sensitive. 214 sweetpotato varieties (lines) from domestic and abroad were cultured under low-K-stress (0 mmol L-1 K2O, LK) and normal K treatment (10 mmol L-1 K2O, CK) through a hydroponic experiment. 11 traits, such as biomass, K accumulation, K content, and K utilization efficiency were collected to calculate the low-K-stress tolerance index of each index. The low-K-tolerant ability of each sweetpotato material was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis (PCA), regression analysis, and cluster analysis. The results showed that the biomass and K uptake and utilization characteristics of different sweetpotato materials were different under two K levels. Under LK treatment, shoot biomass (SB), shoot biomass increase (SBI), root biomass increase (RBI), total biomass increase (PBI), K accumulation in shoot (KAS), K accumulation in root (KAR), K accumulation in plant (KAP), K concentration in shoot (KCS), and K concentration in root (KCR) decreased by more than 29% compared with CK, while root shoot ratio (RSR) and K physiological utilization efficiency (KUE) increased by 29.63% and 120.56%, respectively. Under LK treatment, the variation coefficients of SB, SBI, PBI, KAS, KAP, KCS, KCR, and KUE of different sweetpotato materials were higher than those of CK treatment. Principal component analysis was carried out on the low-K-stress tolerant index of 11 indexes. Three principal components (PC) were selected and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 82.86%. The low-K-tolerant index of 11 indicators was significantly correlated with the comprehensive evaluation value (Y) of low-K-tolerant. Selected SBI, RBI, PBI, KAS, KAR, KAP as screening evaluation indicators, 214 sweetpotato materials were divided into low-K-tolerant type, intermediate type and low-K-sensitive type according to cluster heat map analysis. The variance analysis showed that the low-K-tolerant varieties had higher low-K-stress tolerance index than other types of varieties, and the Y-value was also in the top, which verified the accuracy of the clustering results. Based on the results of this study, SBI, RBI, PBI, KAS, KAR, and KAP can be used as the first selection indexes for the screening of sweetpotato with different low-K-tolerance ability at seedling stage. Six genotypes with the strongest tolerance to low K at seedling stage were selected, which were Jizishu 18, Guangzishu 2, Longshu 710, Taizhong 6, Shenglibaihao, and Longshu 9.

Key words: sweetpotato, low-K-tolerant, variety screening, evaluation indicators

表1

供试甘薯材料"

编号
Number		 品种名称
Variety name		 编号
Number		 品种名称
Variety name
1 渝薯99 Yushu 99 108 宁紫薯1号 Ningzishu 1
2 渝红心薯8号 Yuhongxinshu 8 109 徐紫薯2号 Xuzishu 2
3 浙薯147 Zheshu 147 110 徐紫薯8号 Xuzishu 8
4 渝苏162 Yusu 162 111 徐紫薯6号 Xuzishu 6
5 浙薯6025 Zheshu 6025 112 绵紫薯9号 Mianzishu 9
6 渝苏153 Yushu 153 113 绵渝紫11 Mianyuzi 11
7 普薯32 Pushu 32 114 万紫薯56 Wanzishu 56
8 渝薯17 Yushu 17 115 鄂紫薯13 Ezishu 13
9 1399-2 116 鄂薯12 Eshu 12
10 S1-5 117 桂紫薯3号 Guizishu 3
11 福薯13 Fushu 13 118 福薯24号 Fushu 24
12 渝紫3号 Yuzi 3 119 川紫薯2号 Chuanzishu 2
13 江津乌苕尖 Jiangjinwutiaojian 120 桂经薯9号 Guijingshu 9
14 南薯007 Nanshu 007 121 商徐紫1号 Shangxuzi 1
15 渝薯2号 Yushu 2 122 吉徐紫2号 Jixuzi 2
16 龙薯9号 Longshu 9 123 徐紫薯3号 Xuzishu 3
17 济薯18 Jishu 18 124 渝紫7号 Yuzi 7
18 南薯012 Nanshu 012 125 彭紫薯3号 Pengzishu 3
19 苏薯1号 Sushu 1 126 渝紫263 Yuzi 263
20 二南苕/胜南苕 Ernantiao/Shengnanshao 127 徐紫薯5号 Xuzishu 5
21 济78268 Ji 78268 128 桂经薯6号 Guijingshu 6
22 徐22-5 Xu 22-5 129 桂经薯8号 Guijingshu 8
23 南薯15 Nanshu 15 130 南紫014 Nanzi 014
24 渝紫6号 Yuzi 6 131 南紫015 Nanzi 015
25 心香 Xinxiang 132 黔紫薯1号 Qianzishu 1
26 早秋 Zaoqiu 133 福宁紫3号 Funingzi 3
27 浙紫薯2号 Zhezishu 2 134 福宁紫4号 Funingzi 4
28 龙薯1号 Longshu 1 135 莆紫薯3号 Puzishu 3
29 徐17-10 Xu 17-10 136 莆紫薯18号 Puzishu 18
30 渝薯12 Yushu 12 137 济紫薯3号 Jizishu 3
31 南薯88 Nanshu 88 138 广紫薯9号 Guangzishu 9
32 1498-4 139 广紫薯10号 Guangzishu 10
33 浙薯81 Zheshu 81 140 广紫薯11号 Guangzishu 11
编号
Number		 品种名称
Variety name		 编号
Number		 品种名称
Variety name
34 1375-11 141 广紫薯1号 Guangzishu 1
35 渝薯33 Yushu 33 142 广紫薯2号 Guangzishu 2
36 渝薯6号 Yushu 6 143 广紫薯8号 Guangzishu 8
37 商丘52-7 Shangqiu 52-7 144 济紫薯18号 Jizishu 18
38 浙菜薯726 Zhecaishu 726 145 绫紫 Lingzi
39 13104-2 146 泰紫1506 Taizi 1506
40 浙薯13 Zheshu 13 147 泰紫2014-04 Taizi 2014-04
41 万薯10号 Wanshu 10 148 韩紫 Hanzi
42 红香蕉 Hongxiangjiao 149 徐紫秧10号 Xuziyang 10
43 济薯29 Jishu 29 150 龙薯4号 Longshu 4
44 岩薯5号 Yanshu 5 151 防紫9号 Fangzi 9
45 浙255 Zhe 255 152 防薯9号 Fangshu 9
46 济10216 Ji 10216 153 广薯98 Guangshu 98
47 济农51 Jinong 51 154 广薯146 Guangshu 146
48 济农290 Jinong 290 155 广薯72 Guangshu 72
49 冀紫薯2号 Jizishu 2 156 金山17 Jinshan 17
50 南紫020 Nanzi 020 157 金山20 Jinshan 20
51 南紫018 Nanzi 018 158 金山57 Jinshan 57
52 川薯228 Chuanshu 228 159 秦薯8号 Qinshu 8
53 川薯294 Chuanshu 294 160 栗子香 Lizixiang
54 龙薯15 Longshu 15 161 烟薯25 Yanshu 25
55 龙薯601 Longshu 601 162 烟薯26 Yanshu 26
56 郑薯20 Zhengshu 20 163 烟台红 Yantaihong
57 泰中6号 Taizhong 6 164 福建连城 Fujianliancheng
58 鲁薯8号 Lushu 8 165 柬埔寨1号 Jianpuzhai 1
59 泰薯12号 Taishu 12 166 临高(半紫) Lingao (banzi)
60 万薯7号 Wanshu 7 167 日本黑 Ribenhei
61 泰薯14号 Taishu 14 168 赤几紫 Chijizi
62 徐薯32 Xushu 32 169 川薯20 Chuanshu 20
63 徐薯33 Xushu 33 170 福宁紫1号 Funingzi 1
64 徐渝薯34 Xuyushu 34 171 阜紫1号 Fuzi 1
65 徐渝薯35 Xuyushu 35 172 黄吉2号 Huangji 2
66 苏薯8号 Sushu 8 173 济黑 Jihei
67 安平1号 Anping 1 174 龙紫9号 Longzi 9
68 冰淇淋 Bingqilin 175 汝城小紫 Ruchengxiaozi
69 济薯26 Jishu 26 176 广薯87 Guangshu 87
70 岩薯5号 Yanshu 5 177 长塘黄 Changtanghuang
71 红优 Hongyou 178 黄吉1号 Huangji 1
72 胜利百号 Shenglibaihao 179 小桂紫微薯 Xiaoguiziweishu
73 苏薯22 Sushu 22 180 安哥拉1 Angela 1
74 苏薯25 Sushu 25 181 川薯1号 Chuanshu 1
75 川薯20 Chuanshu 20 182 鄂薯3号 Eshu 3
76 鄂薯11 E’shu 11 183 福317 Fu 317
77 赣渝3号 Ganyu 3 184 福薯26 Fushu 26
78 豫21-16 Yu 21-16 185 刚果布2号 Gangguobu 2
编号
Number		 品种名称
Variety name		 编号
Number		 品种名称
Variety name
79 万9902-7 Wan 9902-7 186 广薯155 Guangshu 155
80 川薯220 Chuanshu 220 187 桂粉3号 Guifen 3
81 黔薯5号 Qianshu 5 188 红尾薯 Hongweishu
82 丹研红心薯Danyanhongxinshu 189 黄皮薯 Huangpishu
83 渝92-113-90 Yu 92-113-90 190 鸡蛋黄 Jidanhuang
84 渝5-2-48 Yu 5-2-48 191 冀薯98 Jishu 98
85 二郎苕 Erlangshao 192 九里香 Jiulixiang
86 绵9-6-3 Mian 9-6-3 193 六拾日 Liushiri
87 鲁薯18 Lushu 18 194 龙薯710 Longshu 710
88 宁4-6 Ning 4-6 195 秘鲁 Bilu
89 香苕 Xiangtiao 196 南充香种 Nanchongxiangzhong
90 南薯010 Nanshu 010 197 农岩7-3 Nongyan 7-3
91 福薯604 Fushu 604 198 青岛乐泉 Qingdaolequan
92 冀薯4 Jishu 4 199 泉薯10号 Quanshu 10
93 冀薯332 Jishu 332 200 泉薯830 Quanshu 830
94 湛薯12 Zhanshu 12 201 三明P355058 Sanming P35508
95 川1-60 Chuan 1-60 202 台农57 Tainong 57
96 龙紫薯6号 Longzishu 6 203 泰国 Taiguo
97 浙紫薯1号 Zhezishu 1 204 禺百红 Yubaihong
98 宁紫薯3号 Ningzishu 3 205 豫薯13 Yushu 13
99 济紫黑2号 Jizihei 2 206 湛薯16 Zhanshu 16
100 阜紫薯1号 Fuzishu 1 207 湛江橙 Zhanjiangcheng
101 泰中11号 Taizhong 11 208 湛薯118 Zhanshu 118
102 烟紫薯3号 Yanzishu 3 209 JY2 (日本红心品种) JY2 (Ribenhongxinpinzhong)
103 皖YW-36-1 Wan YW-36-1 210 浙紫5号 Zhezi 5
104 龙津薯3号 Longjinshu 3 211 大南伏 Dananfu
105 湛紫薯2号 Zhanzishu 2 212 浙薯70 Zheshu 70
106 烟紫薯2号 Yanzishu 2 213 宁紫6号 Ningzi 6
107 宁紫薯4号 Ningzishu 4 214 宜宾红心薯 Yibinhongxinshu

表2

不同钾水平下甘薯苗期各性状变异分析"

指标
Index		 正常钾处理 Normal K treatment (CK) 低钾处理Low-K-stress treatment (LK)
变幅
Range		 均值
Mean		 变异系数
CV (%)		 变幅
Range		 均值
Mean		 变异系数
CV (%)
地上部干重Shoot biomass (g plant-1) 0.53-4.43 2.05 37.24 0.22-2.74 1.16 38.39
地上部干物质增加量Shoot biomass increase (g plant-1) 0.16-3.46 1.32 48.47 -0.87-1.36 0.16 246.61
根系干物质增加量Root biomass increase (g plant-1) 0.10-1.57 0.55 49.05 0.07-0.91 0.39 39.16
总干物质增加量Plant biomass increase (g plant-1) 0.33-4.85 1.87 45.78 -0.52-2.01 0.55 85.31
根冠比Root-shoot ratio 0.08-0.63 0.27 33.04 0.09-0.76 0.35 29.68
地上部钾积累量K accumulation in shoot (g plant-1) 0.09-1.22 0.46 49.49 0.01-0.23 0.05 64.63
根系钾积累量K accumulation in root (g plant-1) 0.02-0.70 0.22 58.05 0.00-0.08 0.02 52.97
总钾积累量K accumulation in plant (g plant-1) 0.14-1.83 0.67 48.60 0.02-0.23 0.08 53.92
地上部钾含量K concentration in shoot (%) 8.86-117.01 22.05 37.16 1.74-18.41 4.81 61.19
根系钾含量K concentration in root (%) 14.30-54.71 38.20 19.53 2.00-15.03 6.71 42.47
钾生理利用效率K physiological utilization efficiency (%) 0.55-5.51 2.87 22.35 -16.67-21.93 6.33 92.35

表3

11 个指标的前3个主成分加权系数、特征值、方差贡献率及累积贡献率"

指标
Index		 主成分 Principal components
成分1 Factor 1 成分2 Factor 2 成分3 Factor 3
地上部干重 Shoot biomass 0.668 0.400 -0.230
地上部干物质增加量 Shoot biomass increase 0.769 -0.023 -0.494
根系干物质增加量 Root biomass increase 0.546 0.730 0.319
总干物质增加量 Plant biomass increase 0.893 0.245 -0.290
根冠比 Root-shoot ratio 0.059 0.549 0.682
地上部钾积累量 K accumulation in shoot 0.821 -0.456 -0.022
根系钾积累量 K accumulation in root 0.734 0.279 0.546
总钾积累量 K accumulation in plant 0.908 -0.289 0.176
地上部钾含量 K concentration in shoot 0.532 -0.743 0.112
根系钾含量 K concentration in root 0.489 -0.506 0.433
钾生理利用效率 K physiological utilization efficiency 0.396 0.445 -0.597
特征值 Eigenvalues 4.851 2.429 1.834
方差的贡献率 Variance contribution (%) 44.100 22.081 16.677
累积贡献率 Cumulative variance contribution (%) 44.100 66.181 82.858

表4

11个耐低钾胁迫指数与耐低钾综合评价值(Y)的相关系数"

指标
Trait		 相关系数
Correlation coefficient		 P值
P-value
地上部干重 Shoot biomass 0.696** 0.000
地上部干物质增加量 Shoot biomass increase 0.594** 0.000
根系干物质增加量 Root biomass increase 0.809** 0.000
总干物质增加量 Plant biomass increase 0.840** 0.000
根冠比 Root-shoot ratio 0.379** 0.000
地上部钾积累量 K accumulation in shoot 0.603** 0.000
根系钾积累量 K accumulation in root 0.883** 0.000
总钾积累量 K accumulation in plant 0.779** 0.000
地上部钾含量 K concentration in shoot 0.271** 0.000
根系钾含量 K concentration in root 0.378** 0.000
钾生理利用效率 K physiological utilization efficiency 0.382** 0.000

图1

不同甘薯基因型耐低钾能力的系统聚类图 SBI: 地上部干物质增加量; RBI: 根系干物质增加量; PBI: 总干物质增加量; KAS: 地上部钾积累量; KAR: 根系钾积累量; KAP: 总钾积累量。"

图2

不同耐低钾型甘薯农艺性状综合评价 SB: 地上部干重; RSR: 根冠比; KCS: 地上部钾含量; KCR: 根系钾含量; KUE: 钾生理利用效率; SBI: 地上部干物质增加量; RBI: 根系干物质增加量; PBI: 总干物质增加量; KAS: 地上部钾积累量; KAR: 根系钾积累量; KAP: 总钾积累量。"

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