作物学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5): 1231-1248.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.23035
岳海旺1(), 韩轩2, 魏建伟1, 郑书宏1, 谢俊良1, 陈淑萍1, 彭海成1, 卜俊周1,*()
YUE Hai-Wang1(), HAN Xuan2, WEI Jian-Wei1, ZHENG Shu-Hong1, XIE Jun-Liang1, CHEN Shu-Ping1, PENG Hai-Cheng1, BU Jun-Zhou1,*()
摘要:
旨在科学准确地对黄淮海夏播玉米区域试验参试品种进行综合评价, 为品种合理布局和区域规划提供理论和实践依据。本研究采用GYT双标图技术对2020—2021年黄淮海夏玉米区域试验22个参试品种的籽粒产量与生育期、收获时籽粒含水量、株高、穗位高、倒伏率、穗长、穗粗、秃尖, 穗粒重和百粒重等农艺性状的组合水平进行综合评价。方差分析表明, 被测农艺性状基因型和环境效应均达到了显著水平(P<0.05), 除穗粗、突尖长度和穗粒重等性状基因型与环境互作效应中无显著差异外, 其余性状基因型与环境互作效应均达到了显著水平。籽粒产量、生育期、收获时籽粒含水量、穗粗、秃尖和百粒重等性状环境效应平方和占总方差平方和最大, 倒伏率的基因型与环境互作效应平方和占总方差平方和最大。农艺性状相关性分析结果表明, 籽粒产量与百粒重、株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粗和生育期呈极显著正相关(P<0.001), 而与突尖长度呈负相关。根据参试品种的理想指数筛选出衡玉868、邯玉1806和宿单908等为产量-性状组合表现优良的品种, 同时也鉴别出陕单685、敦玉291、邯玉17-6601和邯玉573等品种综合表现较差, 对照品种郑单958表现一般。衡玉868较其他参试品种在黄淮海夏玉米区更具有广泛的适应性, 展现出绝对的区域产量优势, 具有广阔的推广前景。与GT双标图相比, GYT双标图显示出前2个主成分解释的变异比例较高、拟合度较好、分析结果可信度较高等优点。本研究运用GYT双标图技术对黄淮海夏玉米参试品种进行品种产量-性状特性分析, 为本区玉米品种综合评价提供借鉴, 也为其他作物品种多性状研究提供了参考。
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