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作物学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5): 1249-1261.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.24122

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于表型性状和SSR分子标记构建甘薯核心种质

陈伊航1,2(), 唐朝臣1, 张雄坚1, 姚祝芳1, 江炳志1, 王章英1,*()   

  1. 1广东省农业科学院作物研究所/广东省农作物遗传改良重点实验室, 广东广州 510640
    2西北农林科技大学草业与草原学院, 陕西杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-21 接受日期:2022-09-05 出版日期:2023-05-12 网络出版日期:2022-09-22
  • 通讯作者: *王章英, E-mail: wangzhangying@gdaas.cn
  • 作者简介:E-mail: chenyihang2022@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1000700);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1000701);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项, 广东省甘薯马铃薯产业技术体系建设项目(2021KJ111)

Construction of core collection of sweetpotato based on phenotypic traits and SSR markers

CHEN Yi-Hang1,2(), TANG Chao-Chen1, ZHANG Xiong-Jian1, YAO Zhu-Fang1, JIANG Bing-Zhi1, WANG Zhang-Ying1,*()   

  1. 1Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
    2College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2022-05-21 Accepted:2022-09-05 Published:2023-05-12 Published online:2022-09-22
  • Contact: *E-mail: wangzhangying@gdaas.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFD1000700);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFD1000701);China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA, and the Guangdong Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(2021KJ111)

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摘要：

为更好地保存、研究和利用甘薯种质资源, 本研究以国家甘薯种质资源圃(广州)保存的1091份甘薯种质为材料, 分别采用欧氏距离和Nei’s距离进行NJ聚类分组, 组内随机取样, 构建核心种质。利用均值、方差、香农多样性指数、变异系数等指标对核心种质的表型性状数据进行代表性评价, 以及利用有效等位基因、Nei’s遗传多样性指数、Shannon’s多样性指数等指标对核心种质的SSR分子标记数据进行代表性评价; 并利用主成分分析对核心种质进行确认。结果表明, 构建的甘薯核心种质包含289份材料, 占全部种质的26.49%; 在P<0.05概率下, 核心种质中表型性状以及SSR分子标记的相关指标与全部种质无显著差异, 且二者的表型频率分布基本一致; 主成分分析表明核心种质具有与全部种质相似的遗传多样性和群体结构。建立的甘薯核心种质很好地代表了全部种质的遗传变异和群体结构, 可为甘薯的品种改良、优良基因挖掘以及种质创新奠定良好基础。

关键词: 甘薯, 核心种质, 表型性状, SSR分子标记, 种质资源

Abstract:

To better preserve, study, and utilize sweet potato collection resources, 1091 sweetpotato germplasms preserved in the National Sweetpotato Germplasm Nursery (Guangzhou) were used as the materials in this study. Euclidean distance and Nei’s distance were used for NJ cluster grouping, respectively, and random sampling was conducted within the group to construct the core collection. Mean, variance, Shannon’s diversity index, coefficient of variation, and other indicators were used to evaluate the representativeness of the core collection based on phenotypic traits data, and effective alleles, Nei’s genetic diversity index, Shannon’s diversity index, and other indicators were used to evaluate the representativeness of the core collection based on SSR markers data. The results showed that the constructed sweetpotato core collection contained 289 materials, accounting for 26.49% of the entire collection. At P < 0.05, there was no significant difference in the related indicators of phenotypic traits and SSR molecular markers between the core collection and the entire collection, and the phenotypic frequency distribution of the two germplasm was basically the same. The principal component analysis revealed that the core collection had similar genetic diversity and population structure to the entire collection. In conclusion, the established core collection of sweetpotato well represented the entire collection’s genetic variation and population structure, which could lay a good foundation for variety improvement, excellent genes mining, and germplasm innovation of sweetpotato.

Key words: sweetpotato, core collection, phenotypic traits, SSR markers, germplasm resource

表1

甘薯20个质量性状赋值"

性状
Trait		 缩写
Abbreviation		 赋值
Quantified value
顶叶色
Color of top leaf		 CTL 浅绿=1, 绿=2, 紫绿=3, 褐绿=4, 浅紫=5, 紫=6, 褐=7, 金黄=8, 红=9
Light green=1, Green=2, Purple-green=3, Brown-green=4, Light purple=5, Purple=6, Brown=7, Golden yellow=8, Red=9
顶叶形状
Shape of top leaf		 STL 圆=1, 肾=2, 心=3, 尖心=4, 三角=5, 缺刻=6
Round=1, Reniform=2, Cordate=3, Acuminate-cordate=4, Triangular=5, Incised=6
顶芽色
Color of top bud		 CTB 浅绿=1, 绿=2, 浅紫=3, 紫=4, 深紫=5, 褐=6
Light green=1, Green=2, Light purple=3, Purple=4, Dark purple=5, Brown=6
叶色
Leaf color		 LC 浅绿=1, 绿=2, 紫绿=3, 褐绿=4, 浅紫=5, 紫=6, 褐=7, 金黄=, 红=9
Light green=1, Green=2, Purple-green=3, Brown-green=4, Light purple=5, Purple=6, Brown=7, Golden yellow=8, Red=9
叶片形状
Shape of leaf		 SL 圆=1, 肾=2, 心=3, 尖心=4, 三角=5, 缺刻=6
Round=1, Reniform=2, Cordate=3, Acuminate-cordate=4, Triangular=5, Incised=6

表2

核心种质抽样"

样本数量
Number of samples		 抽样比例
Sampling ratio
<10 60%-100%
<50 50%-55%
<100 25%-30%
<200 20%-5%
≥200 15%-20%

图1

全部种质资源来源地信息"

图2

基于表型性状和SSR分子标记的全部种质聚类图 A: 基于表型性状; B: 基于SSR分子标记。"

附图1

部分SSR分子标记毛细管电泳结果 A~D分别为GDAAS0694、GDAAS0338、GDAAS0871和GDAAS0922的检测峰图。横坐标为条带位点, 纵坐标为相对荧光单位。"

表3

基于表型性状和SSR分子标记抽样结果"

类别
Class		 组别
Group		 样本数量
Number of samples		 抽样比例
Sampling ratio (%)		 抽取样本数
Number of samples extracted
表型
Trait		 1 230 17.83 41
2 24 50.00 12
3 16 50.00 8
4 57 28.07 16
5 189 22.75 43
6 42 50.00 21
7 23 52.17 12
8 96 27.08 26
类别
Class		 组别
Group		 样本数量
Number of samples		 抽样比例
Sampling ratio (%)		 抽取样本数
Number of samples extracted
9 1 100.00 1
10 413 17.43 72
共计Sum 251
SSR分子标记
SSR marker		 1 639 17.53 112
2 90 27.78 25
3 200 17.50 35
4 22 50.00 11
5 42 50.00 21
6 37 51.35 19
7 4 75.00 3
8 19 52.63 10
9 4 75.00 3
10 34 50.00 17
共计Sum 256
合计 Total 289

附图2

基于表型性状和SSR分子标记的核心种质聚类图 A: 基于表型性状; B: 基于SSR分子标记。"

表4

全部种质与核心种质20个性状平均值、方差、极差、变异系数、香农多样性指数和分布频率的比较"

性状
Trait		 级数
Number of classes		 平均值Mean 方差Variance 极差Range 变异系数CV(%) 香农多样性指数(H’) t-test显著性
Significance
全部种质
Entire collection		 核心种质
Core collection		 全部种质
Entire collection		 核心种质
Core collection		 F-值
F-value		 全部种质
Entire collection		 核心种质
Core collection		 全部种质
Entire collection		 核心种质
Core collection		 全部种质
Entire collection		 核心种质
Core collection
CTL 9 3.31 3.09 3.72 3.61 2.79 1-9 1-8 58.32 61.46 1.69 1.65 NS
STL 6 4.6 4.54 2.03 1.88 0.54 2-6 3-6 30.93 30.19 1.68 1.15 NS
CTB 6 2.64 2.55 1.96 1.76 0.86 1-6 1-6 53.07 51.99 1.43 1.41 NS
LC 9 2.02 2.1 0.35 0.65 3.58 1-9 1-9 29.33 38.39 0.55 0.73 NS
SL 6 4.65 4.65 2.14 2.10 0.00 1-6 2-6 31.42 31.15 1.04 1.02 NS
MVP 6 3.98 3.89 2.66 2.68 0.69 1-6 1-6 41.03 42.15 1.57 1.53 NS
SVP 6 3.55 3.47 2.69 2.93 0.49 1-6 1-6 46.21 49.31 1.52 1.56 NS
PBLV 5 3.47 3.45 0.97 1.15 0.09 1-5 1-5 28.41 31.14 1.24 1.35 NS
LAS 3 1.41 1.33 0.25 0.23 5.59 0-2 0-2 35.45 35.90 0.70 0.66 *
PPC 5 2.24 2.22 0.50 0.46 0.19 1-5 1-5 31.55 30.62 0.76 0.63 NS
PBP 5 3.02 3.02 0.97 1.14 0.01 1-5 1-5 32.50 35.36 1.19 1.25 NS
CV 6 2.53 2.53 1.40 1.47 0.06 1-6 1-6 46.72 47.51 0.77 0.87 NS
PCV 7 2.63 2.62 1.71 1.80 0.00 1-7 1-7 49.78 51.14 0.81 0.87 NS
SCV 5 1.75 1.63 2.26 2.19 1.48 0-4 0-4 86.13 91.05 1.33 1.26 NS
VTP 4 1.14 1.19 0.98 1.01 0.59 0-3 0-3 86.79 84.37 1.32 1.33 NS
PT 4 2.65 2.62 0.26 0.27 0.58 1-4 1-4 19.28 19.85 0.74 0.76 NS
VP 3 1.74 1.6 0.35 0.38 12.83 1-3 1-3 34.13 38.61 0.88 0.90 ***
SRS 9 4.19 4.18 2.91 2.78 0.00 1-9 1-9 40.73 39.85 1.60 1.55 NS
SCSR 10 5.66 5.74 7.17 7.93 0.24 1-10 1-10 47.36 49.02 2.09 2.09 NS
PFC 10 3.2 3.46 5.60 6.10 2.55 1-10 1-10 73.85 71.43 1.82 1.86 NS

图3

全部种质与核心种质20个表型性状频率分布图 缩写同表1。图中黑色表示核心种质的频率分布, 浅灰色表示全部种质的频率分布。"

表5

全部种质和核心种质遗传多样性比较"

指标
Index		 全部种质
Entire collection		 核心种质
Core collection
样本数量Number of samples 1091 289
平均等位基因数Average number of alleles (Na) 1.88 1.92
平均有效等位基因数Average number of effective alleles (Ne) 1.25 1.32
总条带数Total number of strips 135 101
多态性条带数Number of polymorphic bands 119 93
多态性条带百分率Percentage of polymorphic bands (%) 88.15 92.08
Nei’s遗传多样性指数Nei’s genetic diversity index (He) 0.15 0.19
Shannon’s多样性指数Shannon’s diversity index (I) 0.24 0.30

图4

基于表型性状以及SSR分子标记的全部种质和核心种质主成分分布图 A: 基于表型性状; B: 基于SSR分子标记。在该图中, 红色表示核心种质的频率分布, 浅灰色表示全部种质的频率分布。"

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