作物学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (10): 2687-2697.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.31006
李赢(
), 刘海翠, 石吕, 石晓旭, 韩笑, 刘建, 魏亚凤(
)
LI Ying(
), LIU Hai-Cui, SHI Lyu, SHI Xiao-Xu, HAN Xiao, LIU Jian, WEI Ya-Feng(
)
摘要:
长江中下游及沿海地区曾是我国裸大麦的两大产区之一, 其中以江苏省面积最大, 是全国裸大麦重要生产基地。研究江苏裸大麦种质资源的遗传多样性和群体结构, 对于拓宽现有裸大麦资源的遗传基础、挖掘丰富优异等位变异、提高裸大麦育种效率具有重要意义。本研究利用38对SSR标记对230份江苏裸大麦材料和其他7个来源的109份裸大麦材料进行了遗传多样性分析, 共检测到242个等位变异, 平均每对引物检测到的等位基因数和有效等位基因数分别为6.3684个和3.0932个, 平均Shannon's多样性指数和Nei's基因多样性指数分别为1.2189和0.5857。多态性信息含量均值为0.5486, 具有高度多态性。按照来源划分群体, 江苏裸大麦群体观测到的等位基因数最多为5.4737个, 有效等位基因数为2.5347个, 平均Shannon's多样性指数、Nei's多样性指数和多态性信息含量(PIC)值为0.9551、0.5004和0.4593。群体间和群体内的遗传变异是导致裸大麦间产生遗传多样性的主要原因, 裸大麦群体间发生遗传分化的主要原因是基因流。不同群体间的遗传分化系数和遗传距离与地理位置的远近没有明确相关性。聚类分析、群体结构分析和主成分分析将裸大麦资源均分为4组, 聚类结果可相互佐证且与地理位置相关性不明显。群体结构分析表明, 江苏裸大麦群体在4个类群均有分布, 与其他群体分化明显。339份材料中295份材料Q值≥0.6, 大部分裸大麦材料血缘比较单一。
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