Welcome to Acta Agronomica Sinica，

Acta Agron Sin ›› 2009, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 499-505.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.00499

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Crystalline Structure and Pasting Properties of Starch in Eight Waxy Corn Cultivars Grown in Spring and Autumn

LU Da-Lei1;WANG De-Cheng1;ZHAO Jiu-Ran2;LU Wei-Ping1*   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Cultivation in Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River of Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;2Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of  Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
  • Received:2008-08-14 Revised:2008-10-06 Online:2009-03-12 Published:2009-01-16
  • Contact: LIU Wei-Ping

PDF

1646

Cited

23

Abstract:

X-ray diffraction technique is widely used in the study of crystal characteristics of starch granule. Waxy corn (Zea mays L.) has a higher crystallinity and better pasting properties than other kinds of corn, which is of good value in industry. The pasting properties of corn are affected by genotypes and growing conditions, and even regulated by the cultivation to some extent. Currently, there is rare knowledge on the differences of starch in waxy corn cultivars grown in different seasons. In this study, starch isolated from eight Chinese waxy corn cultivars grown in spring and autumn, were evaluated for crystalline structure and pasting properties using the X-ray Diffraction and Rapid Visco Analyzer, respectively. All starch samples showed a typical A-type diffraction pattern, indicating the growing season had no effect on it. However, the growing season significantly influenced the starch crystallinity and pasting properties. Starch from autumn-sown plant, compared with that from spring-sown plant, showed higher values in crystallinity, peak intensities (2θ = 15°, 17°, 18°, 20°, and 23°, respectively), peak viscosity, trough viscosity, final viscosity, and breakdown. The setback of starch of waxy corn was low, and that grown in autumn was significantly lower than that in spring. The crystallinity, peak intensity, and pasting characteristics were significantly different among the eight waxy corn cultivars. The crystallinity was positively correlated with the peak viscosity (r = 0.72, P < 0.01), breakdown (r = 0.85, P < 0.01), trough viscosity (r = 0.52, P < 0.05), pasting temperature (r = 0.55, P < 0.05), and negatively correlated to setback (r = -0.49, P < 0.05). The differences of pasting properties between growing seasons were mainly caused by the changed of crystallinity and peak intensity of starch in waxy corn.

Key words: Waxy corn, Starch, Growing season, Crystalline structure, Pasting properties

[1]Zobel H F. Starch crystal transformations and their industrial importance. Starch, 1988, 40: 1–7
[2]Singh N, Singh J, Kaur L, Sodhi N S, Gill B S. Morphological, thermal and rheological properties of starches from different botanical sources. Food Chem, 2003, 81: 219–231
[3]Tester R F, Karkalas J, Qi X. Starch-composition, fine structure and architecture. J Cereal Sci, 2004, 39: 151–165
[4]Hoover R. Composition, molecular structure, and physicochemical properties of tuber and root starches: a review. Carbohyd Polym, 2001, 45: 253–267
[5]Cheetham N W H, Tao L. Variation in crystalline type with amylose content in maize starch granules: an X-ray powder diffraction study. Carbohyd Polym, 1998, 36: 277–284
[6]Perera C, Lu Z, Sell J, Jane J. Comparison of physicochemical properties and structures of sugary-2 cornstarch with normal and waxy cultivars. Cereal Chem, 2001, 78: 249–256
[7]Tziotis A, Seetharaman K, Klucinec J D, Keeling P, White P J. Functional properties of starch from normal and mutant corn genotypes. Carbohyd Polym, 2005, 61: 238–247
[8]Singh N, Inouchi N, Nishinari K. Structure, thermal and viscoelastic characteristics of starches separated from normal, sugary and waxy maize. Food Hydrocolloid, 2006, 20: 923–935
[9]Singh N, Sandhu K S, Kaur M. Physicochemical properties including granular morphology, amylose content, swelling and solubility, thermal and pasting properties of starches from normal, waxy, high amylose and sugary corn. Prog Food Biopolymer Res, 2005, 1: 43–54
[10]Duxbury D D. Modified starch functionalities-no chemicals or enzymes. Food Proc, 1989, 50: 35–37
[11]Zaidul I S M, Yamauchi H, Takigawa S, Matsuura-Endo C, Suzuki T, Noda T. Correlation between the compositional and pasting properties of various potato starches. Food Chem, 2007, 105: 164–172
[12]Wilkins M R, Wang P, Xu L, Niu Y, Tumbleson M E, Rausch K D. Variability in starch acetylation efficiency from commercial waxy corn hybrids. Cereal Chem, 2003, 80: 72–75
[13]Lu F-F(陆芳芳), Lu W-P(陆卫平), Liu P(刘萍), Shen X-P(沈新平), Wang J-F(王继丰), Liu X-B(刘小兵). Heterosis analysis of starch RVA viscosity in waxy corn. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2006, 32(4): 503–508 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]Lu D-L(陆大雷), Lu W-P(陆卫平), Zhao J-R(赵久然), Wang D-C(王德成). Effects of basic fertilizer treatments and nitrogen topdressing at jointing stage on starch RVA characteristics of waxy maize. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2007, 34(7): 1253–1258 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[15]Hayakawa K, Tanaka K, Nakamura T, Endo S, Hoshino T. Quality characteristics of waxy hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): Properties of starch gelatinization and retrogradation. Cereal Chem, 1997, 74: 576–580
[16]Chang Y, Lin J, Lii C. Effect of ethanol concentration on the physicochemical properties of waxy corn starch treated by hydrochloric acid. Carbohyd polym, 2004, 57: 89–96
[17]Myers A M, Morrel M K, James M G, Ball S G. Recent progress toward understanding biosynthesis of amylopectin crystal. Plant Physiol, 2000, 122: 989–997
[18]Cheng F-M(程方民), Zhong L-J(钟连进), Sun Z-X(孙宗修). Effect of temperature at grain filling stage on starch DSC and crystallinity properties of early indica rice. Prog Nat Sci (自然科学进展), 2003, 13(5): 490–494 (in Chinese)
[19]Wang J(王珏), Feng C-N(封超年), Guo W-S(郭文善), Zhu X-K(朱新开), Li C-Y(李春燕), Peng Y-X(彭永欣). Effects of high temperature after anthesis on starch traits of grain in wheat. J. Triticeae Crops (麦类作物学报), 2008, 28(2): 260–265 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[20]Massaux C, Sindic M, Lenartz J, Sinnaeve G, Bodson B, Falisse A, Dardenne P, Deroanne C. Variations in physicochemical and functional properties of starches extracted from European soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): The importance to preserve the varietal identity. Carbohyd Polym, 2008, 71: 32–41
[21]Liu Q, Tarn R, Lynch D, Skjodt N M. Physicochemical properties of dry matter and starch from potatoes grown in Canada. Food Chem, 2007, 105: 897–907
[22]Miles M J, Morris V J, Orford R D, Ring S G. The roles of amylose and amylopectin in the gelation and retrogradation of starch. Carbohyd Res, 1985, 135: 271–281
[23]Sandhu K S, Singh N. Some properties of corn starches: II. Physicochemical, gelatinization, retrogradation, pasting and gel textural properties. Food Chem, 2007, 101: 1499–1507
[24]Ji Y, Wong K, Hasjim J, Pollak L M, Duvick S, Jane J, White P J. Structure and function of starch from advanced generations of new corn lines. Carbohyd Polym, 2003, 54: 305–319
[1] CHEN Yun, LIU Kun, ZHANG Hong-Lu, LI Si-Yu, ZHANG Ya-Jun, WEI Jia-Li, ZHANG Hao, GU Jun-Fei, LIU Li-Jun, YANG Jian-Chang. Effects of machine transplanting density and panicle nitrogen fertilizer reduction on grains starch synthesis in good taste rice cultivars [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2021, 47(8): 1540-1550.
[2] YANG Fan, ZHONG Xiao-Yuan, LI Qiu-Ping, LI Shu-Xian, LI Wu, ZHOU Tao, LI Bo, YUAN Yu-Jie, DENG Fei, CHEN Yong, REN Wan-Jun. Effects of delayed sowing and planting date on starch RVA profiles of different indica hybrid rice in the sub-suitable region of ratoon rice [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2021, 47(4): 701-713.
[3] DONG Er-Wei, WANG Jin-Song, WU Ai-Lian, WANG Yuan, WANG Li-Ge, HAN Xiong, GUO Jun, JIAO Xiao-Yan. Effects of row space and plant density on characteristics of grain filling, starch and NPK accumulation of sorghum grain of different parts of panicle [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2021, 47(12): 2459-2470.
[4] HUANG Su-Hua, LIN Xi-Yue, LEI Zheng-Ping, DING Zai-Song, ZHAO Ming. Physiological characters of carbon, nitrogen, and hormones in ratooning rice cultivars with strong regeneration ability [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2021, 47(11): 2278-2289.
[5] YU Hai-Yue,HAN Zi-Xuan,ZHANG Yu-Shi,DUAN Liu-Sheng,ZHANG Ming-Cai,LI Zhao-Hu. Regulation of coronatine on the grain filling characteristics and starch synthesis in maize kernels [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2019, 45(10): 1535-1543.
[6] Sha-Sha LI,Geng MA,Wei-Xing LIU,Juan KANG,Yu-Lu CHEN,Yang-Yang HU,Pan-Pan ZHANG,Chen-Yang WANG. Effects of Long-Term Irrigation and Nitrogen Regimes on Soil Nitrogen Content and Paste Property of Wheat Grain [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2018, 44(7): 1067-1076.
[7] Chun-Yan LI,Wen-Xia ZHANG,Yu-Xue ZHANG,Meng-Hao YAO,Jin-Feng DING,Xin-Kai ZHU,Wen-Shan GUO,Chao-Nian FENG. Differences in Physicochemical Properties between Flour and Starch of Wheat Grain [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2018, 44(7): 1077-1085.
[8] Yang-Yang HU, Hong-Fang LU, Wei-Xing LIU, Juan KANG, Geng MA, Sha-Sha LI, Ying-Ying CHU, Chen-Yang WANG. Effects of High Temperature and Water Deficiency during Grain Filling on Activities of Key Starch Synthesis Enzymes and Starch Accumulation in Wheat [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2018, 44(04): 591-600.
[9] Li-Min YUAN, Ming-Fei ZHAN, Xing-Chuan ZHANG, Zhi-Qin WANG, Jian-Chang YANG. Endosperm Structure of Grains at Different Positions of Rice Panicle and Regulation Effect of Irrigation Regimes on It during Grain Filling [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2018, 44(02): 245-259.
[10] HE Wei,FAN Xiao-Xu,WANG Zhi-Feng,WEI Cun-Xu. Application of Quantitative Graphical Method Based on Small Angle X-Ray Scattering Spectrum in Crop Starch Study [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2017, 43(12): 1827-1834.
[11] LIU Xi-Wei,ZHANG Min,LI Yong,ZHANG Yu-Chun,SONG Xiao-Jun,ZHAO Cheng,CAI Rui-Guo. Effects of Post-Flowering Shading Intensities on Starch Components and Physicochemical Properties in Waxy and Non-waxy Wheats [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2017, 43(05): 777-786.
[12] XIAO Yan-Hua**, CHEN Xin-Long**, DU Dan, XING Ya-Di, ZHANG Tian-Quan, ZHU Mao-Di,LIU Ming-Ming,ZHU Xiao-Yan, SANG Xian-Chun,HE Guang-Hua*. Identification and Gene Mapping of Starch Accumulation and Early Senescence Leaf Mutant esl9 in Rice [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2017, 43(04): 473-482.
[13] XU Yun-Ji,LI Yin-Yin,QIAN Xi-Yang,WANG Zhi-Qin,YANG Jian-Chang. Comparison of Starch Granule Morphology and Size Distribution in Superior and Inferior Grains of Three Cereal Crops [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2016, 42(01): 70-81.
[14] XU Yun-Ji,GU Dao-Jian,QING Hao,ZHANG Hao,WANG Zhi-Qin,YANG Jian-Chang*. Changes in Carbohydrate Accumulation and Activities of Enzymes Involved in Starch Synthesis in Maize Kernels at Different Positions on an Ear during Grain Filling [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2015, 41(02): 297-307.
[15] LIU Zheng-Shuai,LIU Gui-Fen,YANG Ming-Yu,JIA Xiao,LI Yun-Xiang,ZHAO Fa-Mao. Constitution and Spatiotemporal Expression of Starch Branching Enzyme in Developing Wheat Grain [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2014, 40(12): 2176-2182.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
Add: No. 80 Xueyuan South Rd, Beijing 100081, P. R. China E-mail: zwxb301@caas.cn
Supported by Beijing Magtech Co.Ltd