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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2013, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (04): 665-672.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.00665

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Fertilizer Efficiency and Soil Apparent Nutrient Balance for Barley under Long-Term Fertilization

TANG Xu1,CHEN Yi*,WU Chun-Yan1,YANG Sheng-Mao1,LIU Yu-Xue1,LU Hao-Hao1,MA Yi-Bing2,LI Ju-Mei2   

  1. 1 Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; 2 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2012-08-31 Revised:2012-12-09 Online:2013-04-12 Published:2013-01-28
  • Contact: 陈义, E-mail: chenyi1962@yeah.net

Abstract:

In the 19-year located fertilization experiment in barley, five treatments were designed with different combinations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizers. The natural productivities of nutrient elements from soil and environment, fertilizer efficiencies and soil nutrient apparent balances were investigated by measuring aboveground biomass, grain yield, and nutrient contents in grain and straw. Under no fertilization condition, the amounts of nutrient supply from soil and environment were 44.5, 10.7, and 52.5 kg ha-1 for N, P, and K elements, respectively. The average N, P and K contents were 17.3, 3.48, and 4.18 gkg-1 in grainand 4.85, 0.64, and 17.5 gkg-1 instraw, respectively. The percentages of nutrient elements translocated from aboveground organs into grain were 75.7% for N, 83.5% for P and 18.8% for K. This result indicated that the most of N and P absorbed by plant were ultimately deposited into grains, whereas more than 80% K absorbed remained in straws. For producing 1000 kg grain, barley plant required absorptions of 22.3 kg N, 4.0 kg P, and 20.5 kg K. Clearly, the P requirement was 5–6 times the requirement of N or K. The average apparent fertilizer use efficiencies for N, P and K fertilizers were 29.0%, 12.8%, and 71.8%, respectively. The average accumulative recovery efficiencies of N, P and K over 19 years were 75.3%, 63.6%, and 203.2%, respectively. Under balanced fertilization with fixed N, P and K inputs, there were annual net gains of 18.4 kg ha-1 for N and 6.9 kg ha-1 for P, but a net loss of 43.8 kg ha-1 for K in soil. Such soil condition produced barley yield of 2350 kg ha-1 per year.

Key words: Long-term located fertilization, Barley, Grain yield, Nutrient supplying capacity, Fertilizer efficiency, Balanced fertilization

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