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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 957-966.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.81068

• RESEARCH NOTES • Previous Articles    

Effect of lower water and nitrogen supply on grain yield and dry matter remobilization of organs in different layers of winter wheat plant in northern Henan province

Li-Na JIANG1,Jing-Li MA1,Bao-Ting FANG2,Jian-Hui MA1,Chun-Xi LI1,Zhi-Min WANG3,Bao-Zhen HAO3,4,*()   

  1. 1 College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
    2 Wheat Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
    3 College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
    4 School of Life Science and Technology, College of Xinxiang, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
  • Received:2018-09-29 Accepted:2019-01-19 Online:2019-06-12 Published:2019-06-12
  • Contact: Bao-Zhen HAO E-mail:haobaozhenxx@126.com
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National “13th Five-Year” Key Research and Development Plan(2017YFD0301101, 2016YFD0300203-3);the National Key Technology Support Program of China(2013BAD07B14);Basic Research Funding of National Research Institute (Farmland Irrigation Research Institute)(FIRI2018-08-01);the Scientific Research Staring of Doctoral Program(1366020075, 1399020175)

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Abstract:

Reducing irrigation and N fertilizer application is an inevitable option to meet the target of enhancing grain yield, improving nutrient use efficiency and developing friendly environment in winter wheat production of northern Henan province. Clarifying effects of lower water and nitrogen supply on grain yield and dry matter remobilization of organs in different layers of wheat plant can provide scientific basis for rational N fertilizer inputs in wheat production with limited irrigation in Northern Henan province. A field experiment was carried out at the Xun County Experimental Station, Henan province by a split-plot design with water regime as the main plot and N rate as sub-plot factor in 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 growing seasons. There were two water regimes: W1 (irrigation of 75 mm water at stem elongation stage) and W2 (irrigation of 75 mm water at stem elongation stage plus 75 mm at anthesis), and five nitrogen (N) treatments: 120+210 kg ha -1 (N4, traditional N application rate with pre-sowing N and top-dressed N at elongation), 120+150 kg ha -1 (N3), 120+90 kg ha -1 (N2), 120+0 kg ha -1 (N1), and 0+0 kg ha -1 (N0). Grain yield and dry matter remobilization amount, dry matter remobilization efficiency, contribution rate of dry matter remobilization to grain of individual organs of wheat plant were analyzed. Compared with N4, the treatments of decreased N rate increased the amount, efficiency and contribution rate to grain of dry matter remobilization in vegetative organs, among them the dry matter remobilization amount of chaff increased by 323.2%, which was higher than that of stem (24.5%) and leaf (4.6%), as well as dry matter remobilization efficiency and contribution rate of dry matter remobilization to grain in chaff increased by 313.7% and 77.0%, respectively, which were higher than those in stem (30.9% and 36.8%) and leaf (17.8% and 13.4%). The increase of dry matter remobilization from leaf in treatments of decreased N rates was mainly attributed to the increased dry matter remobilization amount from the 3rd leaf and 4th leaf, which was 28.7% and 201.1%, respectively. Similarly, the increase of dry matter remobilization from stem in treatments of decreased N rates was mainly attributed to the increased dry matter accumulation amount from the 2nd internode, the 3rd internode, the 4th internode and residue internodes, which was 21.7%, 71.8%, 44.5%, and 31.1%, respectively. There were no signi?cant differences in dry matter accumulation amount between W1 and W2, with slight higher dry matter remobilization efficiency in W1 (24.6%) than in W2 (23.8%), and higher contribution rate of dry matter remobilization to grain in W1 (35.1%) than in W2 (30.0%). Compared with W2, W1 reduced grain yield by 11.2% with a water reduction of 750 m 3ha -1. The results indicate that lower nitrogen supply enhances the dry matter remobilization from wheat vegetative organs to grains, improving the contribution rate of dry matter remobilization to grain, which is mainly contributed by chaff and lower layer organs (the 3rd leaf, the 4th leaf, the 3rd internode, the 4th internode and residue internodes), but not by upper layer organs.

Key words: winter wheat, low nitrogen application, limited irrigation, dry matter, remobilization

Fig. 1

Monthly precipitation during the 2009-2010 and 2010- 2011 wheat growing seasons (October-May) and the average of 28 years (1981-2008)"

Table 1

Increase amount and increase rate of dry matter remobilization amount (DMRA), dry matter remobilization efficiency (DMRE), and contribution of dry matter remobilization to grain (CDMR) of individual organs of wheat shoots in treatments of decreased N rates (N3, N2, N1, N0) compared with N4"

器官
Organ		 运转量DMRA 运转率DMRE 贡献率CDMR
增加量
Increase amount
(mg stem-1)		 增加率
Increase rate (%)		 增加量
Increase amount (%)		 增加率
Increase rate
(%)		 增加量
Increase amount (%)		 增加率
Increase rate
(%)
穗轴+颖壳Chaff 23.0 323.2 6.0 313.7 1.8 377.0
旗叶 Flag leaf -1.6 -4.2 0 0.1 0.1 2.8
倒二叶 2nd leaf -2.8 -7.4 -0.7 -1.9 0 0.3
倒三叶 3rd leaf 4.3 28.7 7.4 32.9 0.4 39.6
倒四叶 4th leaf 7.0 201.1 17.4 182.7 0.6 244.5
余叶 Residue leaf -1.9 -11.8 0.4 1.0 0 -3.7
叶片 Leaf 5.1 4.6 4.9 17.8 1.0 13.4
倒一节 1st internode -9.9 -15.9 -2.3 -12.9 -0.4 -9.4
倒二节 2nd internode 12.8 21.7 4.5 19.3 1.4 34.2
倒三节 3rd internode 22.9 71.8 10.8 63.6 2.0 91.6
倒四节 4th internode 19.2 44.5 9.5 31.2 1.8 60.0
余节 Residue internode 14.6 31.1 18.9 41.6 1.4 42.8
茎节 Internode 59.6 24.5 8.3 30.9 6.3 36.8

Fig. 2

Dry matter remobilization amount of individual vegetative organs of wheat shoots under different N and water supplies Error bars represent standard errors of three replicates. Values in brackets represent least significant difference (P < 0.05) among N treatments."

Fig. 3

Dry matter remobilization efficiency of individual vegetative organs of wheat shoots under different N and water supplies Error bars represent standard errors of three replicates. Values in brackets represent least significant difference (P < 0.05) among N treatments."

Fig. 4

Contribution of dry matter remobilization to grain of individual vegetative organs of wheat shoots under different N and water supplies Error bars represent standard errors of three replicates. Values in brackets represent least significant difference (P < 0.05) among N treatments."

Fig. 5

Grain yield of wheat under different N and water supplies Error bars represent standard errors of three replicates. Different letters above error bars indicate significant difference among treatments (P < 0.05)."

Fig. 6

Amount (A), efficiency (B), and contribution rate of dry matter remobilization to grain (C) averaged over all vegetative organs and water treatments of wheat shoots under different N supplies In the box, solid lines represent the median while dashed lines represent the average. Data were also analyzed by one-way ANOVA, different letters above the boxes indicate significant difference at P < 0.05."

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