春播早熟区高粱杂种优势群及杂种优势模式分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.24035

Abstract

Abstract:

The division of heterotic groups can play an important guiding role in broadening the genetic basis of parents, improving breeding efficiency and developing breakthrough new hybrids. In this study, we used the whole genome resequencing technology to scan the whole genome of 55 parent lines of dominant hybrids lines in spring sowing early maturing region for more than 40 years, analyzed their population structure, estimated genetic distance, divided heterosis groups, and analyzed heterosis patterns of dominant hybrid lines. The results showed that the genetic distance of 55 germplasm were 0.704, with a range of 0.627-0.927, and the average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.2935, range from 0.1 to 0.5. Fifty-five parents’ lines were classified into 4 heterotic groups that Durra, Kafir/Durra, Russia/Kafir, Kaoliang by the population structure and principal components analysis. Meanwhile, heterosis models of 76% hybrids of 25 main release hybrids from 1973-2014 years were Kafir/Durra × Kaoliang. The sterile line of main release hybrids was derived from Kafir and durra groups from abroad, and the restorer lines were derived from the Kaoliang group produced in China. The heterotic groups divided in this study clarified the genetic basis of sorghum parents’ lines in early- maturing area in China, which provided a scientific basis for the improvement of parental lines and the innovation of heterotic patterns.

Key words: sorghum, parental lines, SNP, heterosis, heterotic groups, heterotic patterns

CHEN Bing-Ru, YU Miao, GE Zhan-Yu, LI Hong-Kui, HUANG Yan, LI Hai-Qing, SHI Gui-Shan, XIE Li, XU Ning, YAN Feng, GAO Shi-Jie, ZHOU Zi-Yang, WANG Nai. Analysis of heterotic groups and heterosis patterns of sorghum in early- maturing area[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(2): 343-353.

Figures/Tables 4

Table 1

Name and pedigree of sorghum parental lines in early-maturing area"

编号 No.	种质名称 Germplasm name	系谱 Pedigree
1	1230B	(T_X 3197B×矬1B)×黑30B (T_X 3197B×Cuo 1B)×Hei 30B
2	黑龙30B Heilong 30B	“库班红”天然杂交株 Natural hybrid of Kuban red
3	忻4B Xin 4B	山西省忻县地区农业科学研究所选育 Bred by Xinxian Regional Institute of Agricultural Sciences, China
4	4190B	(1105B×麦辽B)×TAM428 (1105B×Mailiao B)×TAM428
5	哲15B Zhe 15B	哲里木盟农业科学研究所选育 Bred by Zhelimu League Institute of Agricultural Sciences, China
6	2316B	T239B/1031B
7	赤6B Chi 6B	T_X 3197B×212小青米 T_X 3197B×212 Xiaoqingmi
8	314B	T_X3197B×库班红 T_X3197B×Kuban red
9	吉2055B Ji 2055B	314B×A2V4B
10	吉5535B Ji 5535B	521B×2055B
11	繁8B Fan 8B	197B×大同B×314B 197B×Datong B×314B
12	QL33B	澳大利亚引进 Introduced from Australia
13	404B	403B×TX622B
14	T_X623B	T_X3197B×SCD-170-6 (IS12661)
15	辽宁黏B Liaoningnian B	辽宁省农业科学院选育 Bred by Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
16	吉521B Ji 521B	406B×ICS-34B
17	406B	印度高粱群体材料 Indian sorghum population material
18	A₂V4	V4 (PICKLET)
19	L407B	ICS12B×(TAM428×TNS30)
20	5222B	印度高粱群体材料 Indian sorghum population material
21	SX44B	(V4B×F4B)×V4B
22	TAM428B	美国引进 Introduced from USA
23	352B	421B (SPL132A)×TAM428B
24	7050B	421B (SPL132A)×TAM428B
25	MHB	美国引进 Introduced from USA
26	晋长早B Jinchangzao B	大同10B×(TX623×TAM428) Datong 10B×(TX623×TAM428)
27	赤恢428 Chihui 428	赤峰农牧科学院选育 Bred by Chifeng Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, China
28	哈恢144 Hahui 144	黑龙江省农业科学院选育 Bred by Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
29	吉R117 Ji R117	LR9198天然变异株 Natural hybrid of LR9198
30	LR9198	矮四(矮202×4003)×5-26 (沈4003//IS2914/7511) Aisi (Ai 202×4003)×5-26 (Shen 4003//IS2914/7511)
31	吉R159 Ji R159	吉R117×吉R5062 Ji R117×Ji R5062
32	吉2731B Ji 2731B	红棒子×黑壳打锣锤Hongbangzi × Heikedaluochui
33	299	恢5×黏/6115 Hui 5×Nian/6115
34	哈恢75 Hahui 75	大红棒 Dahongbang
35	盘陀早 Pantuozao	山西祁县地方品种Qixian landraces in Shanxi, China
36	5933	5903×三尺三 5903×Sanchisan
37	7788	忻粱7号×平罗娃娃头 Xinliang 7×Pingluowawatou
38	6115	3814 (早熟亨加利×洋高粱)×二青叶 3814 (Zaoshuhengjiali×Yangkaolaing)×Erqingye
39	7313	3814 (早熟亨加利×洋高粱)×护4 3814 (Zaoshuhengjiali×Yangkaolaing)×Hu 4
40	7384	3814 (早熟亨加利×洋高粱)×护4 3814 (Zaoshuhengjiali×Yangkaolaing)×Hu 4
41	2598	吉林省农业科学院选育 Bred by Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
42	吉R9060 Ji R9060	盘九七×奥红矮C42y×L116R Panjiuqi×aohong’ai C42y×L116R
43	南108 Nan 108	L116×矮四 L116×Aisi
44	忻粱52 Xiliang 52	三尺三× (九头鸟×盘陀高粱) Sanchisan×(Jiutouniao×Pantuogaoliang)
45	吉R105 Ji R105	309-4×R132
46	吉R107 Ji R107	亨加利高粱后代319-4×304-4 Progeny of Hengeri sorghum 319-4×304-4
47	吉R8036 Ji R8036	亨加利高粱后代319-4×304-4 Progeny of Hengeri sorghum 319-4×304-4
48	吉R109 Ji R109	HM65 (晋粱5/三尺三/沈409八52渤1晋2)×1105B HM65 (Jinliang 5/sanchisan/Shen 409Ba 52Bo 1Jin 2)×1105B
49	吉恢13 Jihui 13	恢10 (2731B×7043B×9127) Hui 10 (2731B×7043B×9127)
50	LR116	晋粱5号/铁恢6号 Jinliang 5/Tiehui 6
51	南133 Nan 133	忻粱52×VI494 Xinliang 52×VI494
52	T180	铁岭市农业科学院选育 Bred by Tieling Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
53	0-30	(分枝大红穗×晋梁5号)×(晋辐1号×辽阳猪跷脚) (Branch big red spike×Jinliang 5)×(Jinfu 1×Liaoyangzhuqiaojiao)
54	7616-533	(NK300×晋辐)×享长×17/6115 (NK300×Jinfu)×Henglong×17/6115
55	三尺三 Sanchisan	山西汾阳地方品种 Fenyang landraces in Shanxi, China

Table 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Table 2

Heterotic Patterns s of main release hybrids in early-maturing area"

编号 No.	杂交种名称 Hybrids name	母本 Female	父本 Male	遗传距离 Genetic distance	杂优模式1 Heterosis pattern 1	杂优模式2 Heterotic Patterns 2	审定年份 Released year
1	敖杂1号Aoza 1	314A	5933	0.7358	倾南非类型×中国类型 Trend South African×Kaoliang	KD×K	1973
2	吉杂26 Jiza 26	吉2731A Ji 2731A	7313	0.7358	中国类型×中国类型Kaoliang×Kaoliang	K×K	1978
3	吉杂27 Jiza 27	吉2731A Ji 2731A	6115	0.8463	中国类型×中国类型Kaoliang×Kaoliang	K×K	1978
4	吉杂52 Jiza 52	黑龙30A Heilong 30A	吉恢13Jihui 13	0.7424	中国类型×中国类型Kaoliang×Kaoliang	RK×K	1979
5	四杂21 Siza 21	404A	忻粱52 Xinliang 52	0.7557	印度类型×中国类型Indian×Kaoliang	KD×K	1995
6	辽杂10 Liaiza 10	7050A	LR9198	0.7235	南非类型×中国类型South African×Kaoliang	KD×K	1997
7	四杂25 Siza 25	TAM428A	南133 Nan 133	0.6876	倾南非类型×中国类型Trend South African×Kaoliang	KD×K	1998
8	吉杂83 Jiza 83	352A	L116	0.7092	倾印度类型×中国类型Trend Indian×Kaoliang	KD×K	1999
9	白杂8 Baiza 8	QL33A	2598	0.7152	倾南非类型×中国类型Trend South African ×Kaoliang	KD×K	1999
10	四杂29 Siza 29	哲15A Zhe 15A	南108 Nan 108	0.7466	南非类型×倾中国类型South African×Trend Kaoliang	KD×K	1999
11	四杂30 Siza 30	QL33A	南108 Nan 108	0.7337	倾南非类型×倾中国类型Trend South African×Trend Kaoliang	KD×K	2000
12	吉杂90 Jiza 90	4190A	吉R9060 Ji R9060	0.7220	倾南非类型×中国类型Trend South African×Kaoliang	KD×K	2001
13	吉杂96 Jiza 96	5222A	南133 Nan 133	0.6993	印度类型×中国类型Indian ×Kaoliang	D×K	2003
14	吉杂97 Jiza 97	352A	南133 Nan 133	0.7052	倾南非类型×中国类型Trend South African×Kaoliang	KD×K	2004
15	吉杂99 Jiza 99	TAM428A	吉R107 Ji R107	0.7433	倾南非类型×倾中国类型Trend South African×Trend Kaoliang	KD×K	2005
16	吉杂118 Jiza 118	吉2055A Ji 2055A	吉R8036 Ji R8036	0.7295	倾南非类型×倾中国类型Trend South African×Trend Kaoliang	KD×K	2007
17	吉杂210 Jiza 210	吉2055A Ji 2055A	南133 Nan 133	0.7276	倾南非类型×倾中国类型Trend South African×Trend Kaoliang	KD×K	2008
18	吉杂121 Jiza 121	314A	吉R105 Ji R105	0.7457	倾中国类型×倾亨加利类型Trend Kaoliang ×Trend Hengeri	KD×K	2008
19	吉杂305 Jiza 305	吉521A Ji 521A	0-30	0.7151	印度类型×倾中国类型Indian ×Trend Kaoliang	D×K	2008
20	吉杂123 Jiza 123	晋长早A Jinchangzao A	吉R105 Ji R105	0.7519	倾南非类型×倾亨加利类型Trend South African×Trend Hengeri	KD×K	2009
21	吉杂122 Jiza 122	吉2055A Ji 2055A	吉R105 Ji R105	0.7451	倾南非类型×倾亨加利类型Trend South African ×Trend Hengeri	KD×K	2009
22	吉杂124 Jiza 124	吉2055A Ji 2055A	吉R107 Ji R107	0.7276	倾南非类型×倾亨加利类型Trend South African×Trend Hengeri	KD×K	2009
23	吉杂127 Jiza 127	吉2055A Ji 2055A	吉R117 Ji R117	0.7543	倾南非类型×倾中国类型Trend South African×Trend Kaoliang	KD×K	2010
24	吉杂130 Jiza 130	吉2055A Ji 2055A	T180	0.7259	倾南非类型×倾中国类型Trend South African×Trend Kaoliang	KD×K	2010
25	吉杂141 Jiza 141	1230A	吉R109 Ji R109	0.7303	中国类型×中国类型Kaoliang×Kaoliang	RK×K	2014

Table 2

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Analysis of heterotic groups and heterosis patterns of sorghum in early- maturing area

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