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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (12): 3377-3386.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.34026

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Characteristics of respiratory metabolism in growth and development of sugar beet taproot

YU Chao(), LI Guo-Long, SUN Ya-Qing, LI Ning-Ning, ZHANG Shao-Ying*()   

  1. Agricultural College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, Inner Mongolia, China
  • Received:2023-02-10 Accepted:2023-05-24 Online:2023-12-12 Published:2023-05-29
  • Contact: * E-mail: syzh36@aliyun.com
  • Supported by:
    China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(Sugar, CARS-170201);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31260347)

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Abstract:

Respiration is an important metabolic basis for plant growth and development. The objective of this study is to compare the differences of taproot development characteristics, respiratory rate, respiratory key enzyme activity, gene expression, and energy change in different growth stages, and analyze the relationship between various respiratory physiological and sugar accumulation of sugar beet roots. In this study, four different genotypes of sugarbeet varieties were used as the experimental materials. The key enzyme activity and gene expression of respiratory metabolic pathway were determined, and respiratory pathway inhibitors were used at different growth stages. These results indicated the EMP-TCA was the main respiratory metabolic pathway during the growth process in beet taproot. No matter which respiratory pathway was inhibited, the weight and diameter of beet taproot can be reduced. Different respiratory metabolic pathways (EMP, TCA, and PPP) all played the important roles in promoting taproot expansion. In conclusions, this study laid a theoretical foundation for further research on the physiological mechanism of sugarbeet taproot, and provided physiological indicators for the breeding and identifying high-yield sugarbeet.

Key words: sugar beet, respiratory rate, respiratory enzyme activity, gene expression, ATP

Table 1

Primers for qRT-PCR used in this study"

引物名称
Primer name		 正向引物
Forward primer (5°-3°)		 反向引物
Reverse primer (5°-3°)
ACTIN TGCTTGACTCTGGTGATGGT AGCAAGATCCAAACGGAGAATG
PK TTCGCTGCCTCTGCTGCTACTA AAATGAGATGTTTCACGCCTTC
HK GCGACGTTATGGTTGAGGTTAT ACTCTTCCAACTCCCTCAACAC
IDH GCAACCATCACACCAGATGAA AAGACCGTGCCATTAAGGATGT
SDH AGATCGCCTCCGATTCTCTCTAC GCCTCCATTCCAACAGCAA
G6PDH ATGGATCTCCCTACCAGTCG CTCATCAAAATAGCCACCTCT
6PGDH AGTCTGCCTAGCTATCAACTCGG TGACTGTCTCGCAATCTTGAAC

Fig. 1

Difference of morphological of taproot in different genotypes of sugarbeet at different growth stages SS, RFGS, RSGS, and SAS indicate seedling stage, rapid foliage growth stage, root and sugar growth stage, and sugar accumulation stage, respectively."

Fig. 2

Difference of fresh weight and sugar content in taproot of different sugarbeet genotypes at different growth stages Abbreviations for the different growth stages are the same as those given in Fig. 1."

Fig. 3

Difference of taproot respiration rate in different sugarbeet genotypes at different growth stages Abbreviations for the different growth stages are the same as those given in Fig. 1."

Table 2

Correlation between respiration rate and taproot weight, sugar content in sugarbeet"

项目
Item		 呼吸速率 Respiration rate
苗期SS 叶丛快速生长期RFGS 块根及糖分增长期RSGS 糖分积累期SAS
根重Root weight 0.45 0.81** 0.84** 0.77**
含糖率Sugar content 0.25 -0.53 -0.41 -0.60*

Fig. 4

Activity differences of key enzymes in respiratory metabolism pathway in taproot of different sugarbeet genotypes at different growth stages Bars superscripted by different lowercase letters indicate significantly different at the 0.05 probability level. Abbreviations for the different growth stages are the same as those given in Fig. 1."

Table 3

Correlation between key enzyme activities of respiratory metabolism pathway and taproot weight, sugar content in sugarbeet"

生育时期
Growth stage		 项目
Item		 酶活性Enzyme activity
丙酮酸激酶PK 己糖激酶HK 异柠檬酸
脱氢酶
IDH		 琥珀酸
脱氢酶
SDH		 葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶G6PDH 6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶6PGDH
叶丛快速生长期RFGS 根重Taproot weight -0.67* -0.34 0.86** 0.75** -0.70* 0.83**
含糖率Sugar content 0.58 0.09 -0.67* -0.45 0.54 -0.67*
块根及糖分增长期RSGS 根重Taproot weight 0.83** 0.51 0.79** 0.62* 0.82** -0.58*
含糖率Sugar content -0.81** -0.73** -0.52 -0.64* -0.84** 0.78**
糖分积累期SAS 根重Taproot weight 0.74** -0.55 0.78** -0.14 -0.06 -0.45
含糖率Sugar content -0.86** 0.41 -0.93** -0.11 -0.01 0.17

Fig. 5

Differences in gene expression of key enzymes in respiratory metabolism pathway among the different sugarbeet genotypes at different growth stages Bars superscripted by different lowercase letters are significantly different in the 0.05 probability level. Abbreviations for the different growth stages are the same as those given in Fig. 1."

Fig. 6

Effects of respiratory inhibitors on the taproot respiration rate and phenotype of different genotypes in sugarbeet Bars superscripted by different lowercase letters indicate significantly different in the 0.05 probability level."

Fig. 7

Difference of root energy metabolism in different sugarbeet genotypes at different growth stages Bars superscripted by different lowercase letters are significantly different at the 0.05 probability level."

Table 4

Correlation between energy metabolism and taproot weight, sugar content in sugarbeet"

项目
Item		 ATPase活性 ATPase activity ATP含量 ATP content
叶丛快速
生长期
RFGS		 块根及糖分
增长期
RSGS		 糖分积累期
SAS		 叶丛快速
生长期
RFGS		 块根及糖分
增长期
RSGS		 糖分积累期SAS
根重Taproot weight 0.80** 0.80** 0.81** 0.85** 0.84** 0.52
含糖率Sugar content -0.36 -0.64* -0.90** -0.64* -0.81** -0.71**
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